GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 67 



Fliigge's Classification of the Pathogenic Bacteria 



(Lehrbuch der Hygiene, 6th ed., 1907, Quoted in Kolle and Hetch, 3rd ed. 



1911, p. 18) 

 I. Coccaceae: Cells spherical. 



A. Family Streptococcus. Grow only in one direction, are Gram +, 



non-motile and grow only sparingly on artificial media. 



1. Diplococcus type, forms in many media only round or lancet 



shaped diplococci, in others (bouillon) short chains. Pathogen: 

 Diplococcus lanceolatus capsulatus. 



2. Streptococcus type. In bouillon, generally forms long chains. 



Saprophytes, Streptococcus mesenteroides. 



B. Family, Sarcina. Numerous species, in part motile and flagellated, 



dividing in three directions of space, forming packets, Gram — on 

 solid media, growing usually in the form of dry layers, often colored, 

 often in dust. 

 Pathogens: None. 



C. Family, Micrococcus. Numerous species, of which many are sapro- 



phytic, found in dust. Cells divide irregularly in different directions 

 of space and are often united in bunches of 2, 4, 8 or irregularly: 



1. Diplococcus type. Elongated cocci with the long side appressed. 



Gram negative. 



Pathogens: Micrococcus gonorrhoeae, Micrococcus intracellu- 

 laris meningitidis, Micrococcus catarrhalis. 



2. Tetragenus type. Forms cocci that remain in twos or more, fre- 



quently remain in fours. 

 Pathogen: Micrococcus tetragenus. 



3. Staphylococcus type, Spherical. Grows on solid and fluid nutrient 



media in regular masses, with white, yellow or orange pigment. 

 Pathogen: Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus. 

 II. Bacillaceae. Rod shaped. Not spiral. 



A. Family, Bacillus. All rods which produce endogenous spores: 



1. Aerobic forms: 



a. Hay bacillus group. Relatively large bacilli, widely dis- 



tributed, grow well on solid and liquid media, on the 

 latter with membrane formation. Usually motile. Non- 

 pathogens. 



b. Anthrax group. As "a" but non-motile and pathogenic. 



2. Anaerobic forms. Includes all the spore bearing types of butyric 



acid bacteria. 



Pathogens: B. botulinus, Bacillus of blackleg, of edema, of 

 tetanus. 



B. Family Bacterium. All rods that produce no spores: 



1. Fluorescent, phosphorescent, and pigment producing forms. 



Gram negative, may or may not liquefy gelatin. 



2. Colon bacillus group, possesses flagella, more or less motile. Gram 



negative. 



Pathogens: Bad. typhi, and Bact. paratyphi. 



