GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 73 



1. With definite sheath, often broader toward end. Not spirally 



wound Crenothrix polyspora 



2. Without definite sheath. Spirally wound. 



Gallionella ferruginea 

 II. Filaments unbranched or pseudodichotomously branched, 

 a. Swarm cells developed. 



1. Regularly pseudodichotomously branched, usually colorless. 



Cladothrix dichotoma 



2. Usually unbranched, usually encrusted with iron 



Chlamydothrix ochracea 



h. Only non-motile gonidia Clonothrix fusca 



B. Capsule bacteria. 



I. Capsule with only a few (1-8) cells Siderocapsa Treubii 



II. Capsule with 1-100 cells Siderocapsa major 



Among the new generic names of bacteria proposed in 1910 were 

 the following: Fusiformis for the fusiform bacteria of the throat 

 named by Hoelling, Asierococcus for the very minute organism re- 

 sponsible for the disease pleuropneumonia in cattle, named by Borrel 

 et al, Actinobacillus by Brumpt for the causal organism of actino- 

 bacillosis of cattle, Nodofolium for one of the thread iron bacteria 

 named by Ellis and Cristispira given by Gross as designation of the 

 spiral "crested" organism from the crystalline styles of certain classes 

 of mussels. 



Dobell (1911) included the spirochetes in the group Spirochaetoidia, 

 using the following generic differences for the three genera recognized. 

 He emphasizes that this group of Protista should be included neither 

 with the bacteria or protozoa. 



Spirochaetoidia 



1. Free living forms, fresh water or marine Spirochaeta Ehr. 



2. Parasitic in animals (Vertebrates and Invertebrates). 



Treponema Schaudinn 



3. Parasitic in Lamellibranchia Cristispira Gross 



In Doflein's Lehrbuch der Protozoenkunde (1911) the same problem 

 is handled by considering Spirochaeta as a generic name which includes 

 aU forms, and regarding Spirochaeta, Cristispira and Treponema as 

 the component subgenera. Gross in this year added the genus Sap- 

 rospira to this group. He included it in the free living marine types. 



Frost in Marshall's Microbiology (1911) used Migula's (1900) scheme 

 of classification in its entirety. Heim in the 4th edition of his Lehr- 

 buch der Backteriologie gives a verj'- simple classification suitable par- 

 ticularly for the pathogenic bacteria. 



