140 GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 



k. Words formed by an arbitrary combination of letters. Examples: Neda, 

 Clanculus, Salifa, Torix. 



1. Names formed by anagram. Examples: Dacelo, Verlusia f Linospa. 



Article 9. If a genus is divided into subgenera, the name of the typical sub- 

 genus must be the same as the name of the genus (see Art. 25). 



Article 10. When it is desired to cite the name of a subgenus, this name is to 

 be placed in parentheses between the generic and the specific names. Examples: 

 Vanessa (Pyrameis) cardui. 



Specific and subspecific names 



Article 11. Specific and subspecific names are subject to the same rules and 

 recommendations, and from a nomenclatura.1 standpoint they are coordinate, 

 that is, they are of the same value. 



Article 12. A specific name becomes a subspecific name when the species so 

 named becomes a subspecies, and vice versa. 



Article 13. While specific substantive names derived from names of persons 

 may be written with a capital initial letter, all other specific names are to be 

 written with a small initial letter. Examples: Rhizostoma Cuvieri or Rh. cuvi- 

 eri, Francolinus Lucani, or F. lucani, Hypoderma Diana or H. diana, Laophonte 

 Mohammed or L. mohammed, Oestrus ovis, Corvus corax. 



Article 14. Specific names are: 



a. Adjectives, which must agree grammatically with the generic name. 

 Example: Felis viarmorala. 



b. Substantives in the nominative in apposition with the generic name. Ex- 

 ample: Felis leo. 



c. Substantives in the genitive. Examples: Rosae, sturionis, antillarum, 

 galliae, sancti-pauli, sanctae-helenae. 



If the name is given as a dedication to one or several persons, the genitive is 

 formed in accordance with the rules of Latin declination in case the name was 

 employed and declined in Latin. Examples: Plinii, Aristolelis, Vicloris, 

 Antonii, Elisabethae, Petri (given name). 



If the name is a modern patronj^mic, the genitive is always formed by adding, 

 to the exact and complete name, an i if the person is a man, or an ae if the person 

 is a woman, even if the name has a Latin form; it is placed in the plural if the 

 dedication involves several persons of the same name. Examples: Cuviei, 

 Mobiusi, Nunezi, Merianae, Sarasinorum, Bovi (not Bovis), Salmoni (not 

 Salmonis). 



Recoinmendation. The best specific name is a Latin adjective, short, euphonic, 

 and of easy pronunciation. Latinized Greek words or barbarous words may, 

 however, be used. Examples: gymnocephalus, echinococcus, ziczac, aguti, hoacili, 

 urubitinga. 



It is well to avoid the introduction of the names typicus and typus as new names 

 for species or subspecies, since these names are always liable to result in later 

 confusion. 



Article 15. The use of compound proper names indicating dedication, or of 

 compound words indicating a comparison with a simple object does not form an 

 exception to Article 2. In these cases the two words composing the specific name 



