GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 153 



It will be noted that no type species is designated. Of the two species 

 mentioned "B. Schiitzenhachii" is given first, and may be regarded as 

 the type. 



Other names which have been applied in a more or less strict generic 

 sense to the group of acetic bacteria are Mycoderma (Persoon 1822, 

 p. 96), Ulvina (Kutzing 1837 ?), Umbina (NageU 1857, p. 760), Aceto- 

 hacier (Beijermck 1898 ?), Acetobacterium (Hoyer 1898, p. 870). 



The organisms belonging to this group have commonly been placed 

 in the genera Bacillus and Bacterium by various authors. 



The name Acetimonas was regarded as a synonym of Mycoderma 

 Persoon by Buchanan (1918, p. 45) and Winslow et al. (1917, p. 551), 

 and finally of Acetobacter Fuhrmann by Winslow et al. (1920, p. 201). 



It is here included as a synonjTn of Acetobacter Beijerinck, q.v. 



Acetobacter. A generic name proposed by Beijerinck (?) for the 

 group of acetic acid bacteria. 



The exact time and method of publication is difficult to determine. 



According to Enlows (1920, p. 11), the name is first found in Krai's 

 Sammlung v. Mikroorg. (Prague 1898, pp. 7 and 8) where Acetobacter 

 pastor ianus (Hansen ?), Beijerinck and A. aceti are listed as synonyms 

 of Bacterium Pasteurianum and Bad. aceti respectively. In the 1900 

 and 1904 editions these are likewise listed as synonyms of Bacterium 

 Pasteurianum and Bact. aceti respectively. 



Beijerinck (1901, p. 219), m an article in which he describes several 

 genera of lactic bacteria at length, mentions Acetobacter as producing 

 catalase, in contrast to Lactobacillus which produces none. 



It is of interest to note that in a translation (published in 1898) of a 

 Dutch paper (published in 1897) on the acetic bacteria, Beijerinck 

 uses the name Bacterium consistently for the species of this group. 



Ludwig (1898, p. 870) in a review of Hoyer's (1898) dissertation on 

 the acetic bacteria uses the name Acetobacterium xylinum. Examina- 

 tion of the original is necessarj' to show whether this is a misprint. 



The first adequate description of an organism placed definitely in 

 this genus thus far found is Acetobacter plicatum Furhmann (1905, p. 8). 

 It was this that led the Committee of the Society of American Bacteri- 

 ologists to ascribe the genus to Furhmann. If this is done, however, 

 his species A. plicatum would constitute the type. 



Acetobacter melanoginum was described later bj' Beijerinck (1911, 

 p. 171). 



The generic name Acetobacter was accepted by Winslow et al. (1920, 

 p. 201), for the acetic bacteria, displacing Mycoderma. They give the 

 following description : 



