GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 177 



hadenaceae. It is a synonym, and probably invalid as a generic 

 designation. No species were designated. 



Amphitricha. A designation suggested by Messea according to 

 Kruse for those motile bacteria with a flagellum at each end of the cell. 

 It is the first group of the Trichobaderia q.v. 



Amylobacter. A casual name used by Trecul (1865, p. 435) for 

 certain rods found between the cells of decajdng plant tissues. He 

 said 



Malgr6 la variety des formes de ces petits vegetaux, au plutot a cause de cette 

 variety meme puisqui I'on passe d'une forme k I'autre par toutes les gradations; 

 en raison aussi de I'amidon qu'ils contiennent, et pour rappeler la resemblance 

 des formes cylindroides avec les Bacteries, je crois utile de les reunir sous le 

 nom d' Amylobacter. Si on voulait les diviser d'aprds les formes les plus dis- 

 parates, on pourrait 6 tablir troir sous genres; 1, "V Urocephalum qui compren- 

 drait les formes en tetard; 2, V Amylobacter vrai, auquel serarent attribuees les 

 formes cylindrace^s; 3, le Clostridium, qui refermerait les formes en fuseau.'' 



This author gave no specific names. What was later regarded as 

 the same organism was named Bacillus amylobader by Van Tieghem 

 (1879, p. 25). 



Duclaux (1895, p. 813) revived the name, describing two species, 

 Amylobader butylicus, and Amylobader ethylicus. 



Ce sont partout des bacilles dont la largeur et la longueur varient avec le 

 milieu de culture, cylindriques lorsqu'ils sont jeunes, se renflant plus ou moins 

 quand ils vieillissent, en un point oil apparait la spore. Chez la plupart d'entre 

 eux, de meme du reste qu'avec des bacilles qui ne consomment ni amidon ni 

 cellulose, la formation de les spore est precedee d'une p6riode oti une partie du 

 protoplasme du bacille se colore par I'iode. 



He notes that Beijerinck had previously suggested Granulobader 

 for this type of organism. 



The genus should be ascribed to Duclaux. A. butylicus is the type. 

 Amylobader is listed as a synonym of Clostridium by Prazmowski 

 (1880, p. 23) and by De Toni and Trevisan (1889, p. 1002). It is re- 

 jected by Erwin F. Smith (1905, p. 174). 



The use by Trecul of the name Amylobader does not entitle it to 

 generic recognition because it was not coupled with the name of any 

 particular species in the form of a binomial. It existed therefore, 

 simply as a casual name until its use by Duclaux. In the meantime, 

 however, the genus Clostridium (q.v.) had been created for such types 

 of bacteria. As a generic designation it should probably be written 



