GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 291 



characteristically show polar staining, only the youngest cells stain 

 uniformly. The organism grew well at room temperature on ordinary 

 media. The name as used, in the form of a trimonial, is non-valid. 

 De Toni and Trevisan (1889, p. 997) included this organism in the 

 genus Pasteurella, naming it Pasteurella W eichselbaumii. 



Morax (1896, p. 337) described a diplobacillus associated with con- 

 junctivitis, the same organism being discussed in greater detail later 

 by Axenfeld (1897, p. 1). This organism has been commonly known 

 since as the Morax-Axenfeld bacillus, or in some cases as Diplobacillus 

 Morax. The latter designation is binomial in form, and perhaps might 

 validate the generic name Diplobacillus for this group of organisms. 

 The species is termed Bacterium duplex by Lehmann and Neumann and 

 Bacillus lacunatus by Muir and Ritchie. 



Petit (1898) described a related organism from a case of hypopyon- 

 keratitis, as a "Diplobacille liquefiante." McNab (1904, p. 64) dis- 

 cussed this organism under the name '^Diplobacillus liquejaciens" 

 Petit, and the earher organism as Diplobacillus Morax-Axenfeld. 



Diplobacteria. This name was applied by Billroth (1874, p. 16) 

 to a growth form of his Coccobacteriaseptica in which the rod-shaped 

 organisms occurred in pairs. The name has never been used as 

 a generic designation. It is rejected by Erwin F. Smith (1905, p. 

 174). 



Diplobacterium. A casual name used by Haase (1887, p. 347) 

 in the phrase, "Diplobacterium der Brustseuche." The name was 

 also used as a morphological term by Billet (1890). It has not been 

 used as a generic designation. 



Diplococcos. A growth form of Coccobacteria septica named by 

 Billroth (1874, p. 5) to indicate a grouping of cocci in which the organ- 

 isms occurred normally in pairs. 



The spelling has been changed to Diplococcus by later writers and 

 used as a generic designation. 



Diplococcus. The name Diplococcos was first used by Billroth 

 (1874, p. 5) to designate a growth form of his Coccobacteria septica 

 in which the sperical cells occurred in pairs. It was not used in a 

 strict generic sense. 



As a generic name Diplococcus came into use without any definite 

 characterization. Bumm (1885, p. 16) used the term diplococcus, 

 though not in a generic sense, to designate the characteristic grouping 

 of the gonococcus and related forms. In no case was it used in a strict 

 binomial designation. Fluegge (1886, p. 183) follows Bumm in the 



