308 GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 



ausfullend, seltener aus dem Inhalte eines Gliedes derart gebildet, dasz die Spore 

 diesem an Grosse gleichkommt oder dasselbe libertrifft. 



There are included in this order the single family Bacteriaceae Zopf, 

 and nine genera, namely: Bacterium Ehrenberg, Chromatium Perty, 

 Bacillus Cohn, Clostridium Prazmowsky, Spirillum Ehrenberg, Spiro- 

 chaete Ehrenberg, Microspira Schroter, Myconostoc Cohn, Cystobacter 

 Schroter. 



Hansgirg (1888, p. 264) used this as the designation of his second 

 order of Bacteria, containing the two families Bacteriaceae and Myco- 

 nostocaceae. The name was adopted by Migula (1900, p. 1) for his 

 first order of Bacteria with the following diagnosis: "Zellen ohne 

 Centralkorper, Schwefel und Bacteriopurpurin, farblos oder schwach 

 gefarbt, chlorophyllgrtin." He divides the order into four families: 

 Coccaceae, Bacteriaceae, Spirillaceae, Chlamydohacteriaceae. 



This name has been used in a similar sense by Erwin F. Smith (1905, 

 p. 159) Frost (1911, p. 56), and Meyer (1912, p. 1). 



Eubacteriaceae. A spelling of the order Euhacteria used by A. J. 

 Smith (1902, p. 270). This name is not in the correct form for the 

 designation of an order. 



Eubacteriales. An ordinal name apparently first proposed by 

 Buchanan (1917, p. 347) for the first order of the Schizomycetes. Fol- 

 lowing is the description used: 



This order includes the true bacteria, those forms which are least differentiated 

 and least specialized. The cells are usually minute, spherical, rodshaped or 

 spiral, not typically producing true filaments although the cells may occur in 

 chains or other groups. The cells do not have a well-organized or differentiated 

 nucleus. They may be motile by means of flagella, or non-motile, never notably 

 flexuous. Multiplication by transverse fission, never by longitudinal. Some 

 forms, particularly rod-shaped types, produce endospores, but never conidia. 

 Branching of cells occurs in a few forms which intergrade with the Actinomyce- 

 tales. Neither sulphur granules nor bacteriopurpurin are present, though the 

 cells may be pigmented. Chlorophyll is absent (with the possible exception of 

 one genus). The cells may be united into gelatinous masses, but never form 

 motile pseudoplasmodia, nor develop a highly specialized cyst-producing fruiting 

 stage. 



Four families were included: Coccaceae, Bacteriaceae, Spirillaceae 

 and Nitrobacteriaceae. 



The description was emended by Winslow et al. (1917, p. 550) as 

 follows: 



The order Eubacteriales includes the forms usually termed the true bacteria, 

 that is, those forms which are considered least differentiated and least specialized. 



