GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 327 



Haplobakterien. A casual name used by Fischer (1895, p. 138) 

 for his group Haplobacteriacei q.v. 



Helicobacterium. A generic designation used b}^ Miller (1886, p. 

 119) for a species Helicobacterium aerogenes. The organism is a slender 

 motile rod, single or in chains, and may develop to long, wavy bent 

 filaments, which may resemble "Spirulinen." It forms transparent 

 white or only weakly yellow colored colonies which are exceedingly 

 variable in form. In stab cultures the organism grows throughout 

 the length of the stab with a light yellow color and covers the surface 

 in twenty-four hours with a thin, scarcely visible, bluish, dry layer. 

 On stroke culture there develops a thin broad growth, which in trans- 

 mitted light shows a fiocculent or crystalhne appearance. Growth 

 on agar is not characteristic, growth on potato is slow, with a dry sur- 

 face and yellow brown color. Poor growth in the absence of oxygen. 

 It is again described by jNIiller (1892, p. 370). An Helicobacterium 

 klebsii is also described. 



Enlows (1920, p. 47) states, ''H. aerogenes (Escherich) Miller." 



The genus is made a synonym of Bacillus by De Toni and Trevisan 

 (1889, p. 952). Apparently the name has not been given generic 

 recognition by subsequent authors. The description is scarcely ade- 

 quate for identification; probably the genus should be regarded as 

 invalid. 



Helicomonaden. A casual name used by Klebs (1879, p. 161) for 

 the organism which he believed to be the etiologic factor in syphilis. 

 Enlows summarizes his description (1920, p. 47) as follows: 



A pleomorphic organism, consisting at times of short rods, arranged in more 

 or less spiral form, and of granules; motile. The granules arise from the rods, 

 which toward the end of a spiral series become shorter and shorter, finally ap- 

 pearing as small round bodies. As to their being micrococci he says "Die Moglich- 

 keit dass dem so sei, lasst sich nicht ableugnen, doch wird es in diesem Falle 

 nicht an der Auffindung weiterer Differenzen fehlen, welche uns gestatten 

 werden, ein kiirzestes Stabchen, ein Brachbactron etwa, von einem Coccus zu 

 unterscheiden." He thinks no spores are formed, and that longitudinal division 

 occurs. The granules (kornchen) also form spiral-like masses. The rod form in 

 culture forms "Bakterienballen. 



HeHcomonas. Enlows (1920, p. 47) states: 



The name Heliconionas syphiliticum for the organism Klebs describes as above 

 has been ascribed to Klebs, but in none of his publications have I found it. This 

 name occurs in many German papers on this subject, and in Lipp. Med. Diet., 

 Philadelphia, 1910, p. 411. 



