GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 361 



Martellillus. A name given by Heller (1922, p. 25) to one of the 

 genera of her tribe Putrificoideae. 



Hardy Putrificoideae that in meat medium multiply rapidly at an early stage 

 of incubation, producing a greyish coloration and later a blackish deposit on 

 the meat particles, and after three days' incubation cease to multiply actively. 

 Sporulate early in the development of a culture, later cease to do so but vegetate- 

 very slowly. Produce very little gas in meat medium. Digest milk. Attack 

 a few sugars. Heavy deeply gram-positive rods, may vary greatly in size. 

 Spores usually cocoon-shaped, usually median or sub-terminal, do not greatly 

 bulge the sides of the bacillus. Colonies in deep agar lenticular, irregular, or 

 stellate. Common putrefactive organisms that readily invade tissue in com- 

 pany with other organisms, producing a greenish proteolytic gangrene. I have 

 found them in the heart's blood and organs of a woman dying of pernicious vomit- 

 ing and uraemic poisoning and apparently the only invader in a mouse dying from 

 an otherwise unknown cause. The Committee find B. hijermentans in acute cases 

 of gas gangrene. Weinberg and Seguin state that such an organism invades 

 guinea-pigs in company with B. perfringens. It is possible that Martellillus 

 bacilli produce metabolites poisonous to themselves and to animals and that cause 

 early sporulation. They frequently cease active multiplication when the culture 

 has a reaction near pH 7.0. 



Type species M. hifermentans {Bacillus bifermentans-sporogenes Tissier and 

 Martelly) as defined by Tissier and Martelly. 



Mastichomonas. A subgenus of Monas used by Diesing (1850, p. 

 22). Enlows (1920, p. 55) states: 



Animalcula solitaria libera. Corpus ecaudatum, elongatum, subglobosum, 

 ovatum, turgidum, v. planum, haud v. moUitie sua solum mutabile, divisione 

 spontanea simplici perfecta bipartitum v. indivisum. Os terminale. Flagellum 

 simplex. Ocellus nullus. Est Parenema (Euparenema) corpore haud mutabile. 

 Includes under this subgenus 22 species: Monas {Mastichemonns) termo Mtiller 

 (Ehrenberg), M. (Mastichemonas) punctum, M. (M.) lens, M. (M.) okenii, etc. 



Megabacteria. Use ascribed to Billroth (1874, p. 16) for one of 

 the growth forms of his Coccohacteria septia. See Megabacterien. 



Megabacterien. A casual name used by Billroth (1874, p. 16) 

 for one of the growth forms of his Coccohacteria septica. 



Megabacterium. A name ascribed to Billroth (1874, p. 16) with 

 the spelling Megabacterien to designate that growth form of his pleo- 

 morphic Coccohacteria septica in which the cells assumed the shape 

 of large rods. The name has apparently never been used as a generic 

 designation, although Smith (1905) has included this name in his list 

 of invalid bacterial genera. 



Megacoccos. A name used by 'Billroth (1874, p. 16) for a growth 

 form of his pleomorphic Coccohacteria septica in which the cells assume 



