GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 401 



Winogradsky's Nitrobacter to have been an impure culture of Nitro- 

 microbium and Hyphomicrohium. Believe that this constitutes a 

 distinct type of organism. 



Nitromikrobium. A variant spelling of Nitromicrohium, q.v. used 

 by Behrens (1899, p. 244) in a review. 



Nitromonas. A designation for organisms oxidizing ammonia to 

 nitrites used by Winogradsky (1890, p. 258). He later (1892, p. 127) 

 changed the name to Niirosomonas (q.v.). The name was again pro- 

 posed by Orla- Jensen (1909, p. 334) as the fourth genus of his family 

 Oxydobacteriaceae to include the bacteria which oxidize nitrites to 

 nitrates, a substitute for Nitrobacter Winogradsky. 



Apparently Winogradsky named no species, and this name can be 

 regarded merely as a casual designation The name of Orla-Jensen 

 is a synonym of Nitrobacter. 



Nitrosobacterium. A generic name used by RuUmann (1897, p. 

 288) for a species Nitrosobacterium novae form ae This organism grew 

 well in ordinary culture media as a short rod, in inorganic media as 

 simple or branched filaments. The organism possessed the power of 

 oxidizing nitrites. The organism has apparently not been found by 

 subsequent investigators. It is questionable whether this organism 

 belongs with the true nitrite bacteria. 



Hartleb and Stutzer (1897, p. 621) beheve the organism described 

 by Rullmann to be merely a special growth stage of their "saltpeter 

 fungus." 



Nitrosobakterium. A variant spelling of Nitrosobacterium used by 

 Rullmann (1897, p. 228) and other writers. 



Nitrosococcus. A name proposed by Winogradsky (1892, p. 127) 

 for the "new world" spherical organisms which oxidize ammonia to 

 nitrites. He says "Les microbes nitreux du nouveau monde feraient 

 le genre Nitrosococcus." Apparently no specific name was given. 

 It was later (1900, p. 194) named Micrococcus nitrosus by Migula. It 

 is rejected by Erwin F. Smith (1905, p. 162). 



It was recognized by Buchanan (1918, p. 180) with the following 

 description and type designation. 



Cells spherical. Not growing readily on organic laboratory media. Oxidizes 

 ammonia to nitrites. 



Winogradsky termed the single species "les microbes nitreux de nouveau 

 monde" but without a species name. It may be termed Nitrosococcus americanua 

 *nd regarded as the type. 



