416 GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 



Pectobacillus. The second genus of the family Butyribacteriaceae 

 proposed by Orla-Jensen (1909, p. 342). It is defined to include those 

 forms of his family Butyribacteriaceae which attack pectins. They 

 stain blue with iodine and ferment many carbohydrates. An organic 

 source of nitrogen is required, the species are anaerobic. The Granu- 

 lobacter pectinovoru7n of Beijerinck is the type. 



This name may be regarded as a synonym of Clostridium and Granu- 

 lobacter unless the phenomenon of pectose fermentation should prove 

 of generic significance. 



Pediococcus. According to Lindner (1888, p. 97) a species of bac- 

 terium was named Pediococcus cerevisiae by Balcke (1884, p. 183). 

 This was an organism previously noted as occurring in diplococcus 

 and tetrad forms in beer by Pasteur. Hansen (1882) termed the 

 organism a Sarcina. According to Lindner the Pediococcus cerevisiae 

 produces colorless colonies on gelatin, which later become yellowish or 

 yellowish brown. The gelatin is not hquefied. On meat infusion 

 gelatin it grows in stroke culture as a gray white, moist iridescent 

 streak with relatively smooth edges. 



Lindner (1888) described two additional species of Pediococcus, 

 P. acidi lactici and P. albus. Trevisan (1889, p. 28) included this as 

 the third genus of Sarcinee. It is ascribed to Lindner (1887). The 

 generic description is "Cocchi aggregati a 4 a 4 in famiglie unistrate 

 nella ganga gelatinosa equalbilmente spianata a guisa di membranella 

 parallelogrammica. Temnogenesi in due direzioni." Ten species 

 were included. 



This generic name was accepted by De Toni and Trevisan (1889, 

 p. 1050) with the following description: 



Cocci globosi, v. ovoidei, quaternati, in exiguas familias regulares, unistrates 

 muco amorpho tenuisculo, vix conspicuo, ceto dilabente obvolutas, laxe conso- 

 ciati. Coccorum divisio in duas directiones. 



Three additional species are here listed. These authors credit the 

 generic name Pediococcus to Lindner and not to Balcke. Eisenberg 

 (1891) lists the three species recognized by Lindner under "Pedio- 

 kokkus.^' Lehmann and Neumann (1896, p. 102) include this genus 

 as a synonym of Micrococcus. 



The genus is recognized by Fischer (1897) with the following de- 

 scription: "Two planes of fission, alternate and at right angles." 

 ^'Micrococcus tetragenus" is given as an example, also the gonococcus. 

 This genus is again hsted in the second edition (1903, p. 60). 



