GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 453 



Apparently Castellani and Chalmers are in error in fixing the type 

 species. Lignieres included only the organism associated with hog 

 cholera in the group or genus. It remains to determine just what 

 specific name should be applied. 



Bergey et al (1923, p. 212) state: 



Motile forms occurring in the intestinal canal of animals, in various types of 

 acute, inflammatory conditions. Attack numerous carbohydrates with the 

 formation of both acid and gas. In general do not form acetyl-methyl- 

 carbinol. 



The type species is Salmonella schotmulleri. 



Saprospira. A genus of free living spirochetes named by Gross 

 (1911, p. 190) with the following diagnosis: "Spironemacea mit spiralig 

 gebogenem Korper. Vermehrung durch Zerfallstheilung, Freilebend. 

 The species, Saprospira grandis (lOOju in length) and *S. naiia (36ju in 

 length) were described. Later (1912, p. 84) he says: "Die Saprospiren 

 (Fig. 2) gleichen den Cristispiren in hohem Masze, nur fehlt ihnen 

 die Crista. Es erscheint daher geboten, fiir sie ein eigenes Genus zu 

 schaffen." 



Winslow et al. (Committee Soc. of American Bacteriologists, 1917, p. 

 563) state: 



Non-parasitic forms similar to Cristispira, but without the flattened ridge or 

 "crista" which is, if present, here replaced by a straight colimiella or thickening 

 of the periplast. 



The type species is Saprospira grandis Gross. 



Buchanan (1918, p. 544) included this as the second genus of the 

 family Spirochaetaceae. 



Slender spiral cells living free in salt water, actively motile, llexuous. Cross 

 section circular. 



The type species is Saprospira grandis Gross. 



The genus is also recognized by Castellani and Chalmers (1919, p. 

 439) and by Bergey et al. (1923, p. 422). 



Sarcina. A genus created by Goodsir (1842, p. 432) to include 

 the species Sarcina ventriculi which he discovered in microscopical 

 examination of vomit. His publication created a good deal of interest 

 and many papers were published in the next quarter century upon 

 this "Sarcinosis." The organism was apparently found repeatedly 

 under similar conditions. This form is of interest because it is one of 

 the first organisms which we now include among the bacteria to be 



