GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 459 



he gave the name Schinzia leguminosarum. AVhen later it was found 

 that these organisms are bacteria, and not fmigi, they were removed 

 from this genus, Schinzia is not tenable as a genus name among 

 bacteria. 



Schizomycetacea. The class name of the bacteria as written by 

 Castellani and Chalmers (1919, p. 924) with the description: 



Thallophyta without chlorophyll and as a rule without chromatophores, with 

 the vegetative bodj' consisting of a single cell, in which the nucleus is not present 

 in the form typical for other thallophytes. Reproduction by fission or spore 

 formation. 



Three orders are recognized, Euhaderiales, Thiohacteriales and 

 Myxobactei'iales. 



Schizomycetaceae. De Toni and Trevisan (1889, p. 923) were 

 apparently the first to use this name as a family designation for the 

 entire group of bacteria. They give the following description: 



Fungi mycelio proprio carentes, typiceunicellulares, minutissimi, simplicissimi 

 (globosi, elliptici, lineares, filiformes, recti v. incurvi v. spirales), vegetatione api- 

 cali genuina destituti, rarissime pseudoramosi. Multiplicatio vegetativa fit cel- 

 lularum divisione in unam v. duas vel tres directiones repetita; individua in statu 

 vegetativo immobilia vel vivide oscillantia, saepe etiam in colonias vel alio modo 

 congregata. Sporarum formatio duplex: turn plasmatis homogenei pars a liqua 

 vel cellulae plasma totum contrahitur, condensatur et membrana peculiari induta 

 in sporam transmutatur (ENDOSPORAE), tum cellula tota, sine plasmatis con- 

 tractione, in sporam transformatur (ARTHROSPORAE). 



OBS. Fungilli minimi sed in oeconomia universali maximi penderis, sunt enim 

 pathogeni, zymogeni vel saprogeni. 



These authors subdivide the family into the following tribes, Tri- 

 chogenae, Baculogenae and Coccogenae. 



Schizomycetes. A name first used by Naegeli (1857, p. 760) as a 

 general designation of the forms we 'now recognize as bacteria. He 

 included the organism causing silk worm disease, Nosema homhycis, 

 also Umbina aceti (mother of vinegar), Bacterium, Vibrio, Spirillum, 

 Hygrococis and Sarcina. 



This designation for the group of the bacteria has been quite gen- 

 erally accepted by bacteriologists. 



Cohn (1872a, p. 236) used term "Klasse der Schizomyceten." 

 Cohn (1872a, p. 237) uses term "Familie der Schizomyceten." 

 Thiselton-Dyer (1875, p. 325) used Schizomycetes, as did Lankester 

 (1876, p. 37), Grove, (1884, p. 1), Balbiani (1886, p. 543). 



