GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 467 



Sphaerobacteria. A group name used by Cohn (1872, p. 146) to 

 include all the spherical bacteria. It is equivalent to the modem name 

 Coccaceae. 



This name was also used by Hansgirg (1888, p. 266) for the third 

 order of Bacteria, including one family only, Mycococcaceae. 



Sphaerobacteries. A name used by Maggi (1886, p. 81) for his 

 second order of bacteria, to include the genera Micrococcus and Leu- 

 conostoc, but without description. 



Sphaerococcus. Agardh (1821, p, 227) used this as a generic algal 

 name with the following description: "Char, essent. Functus imi- 

 formis: capsulae glomerulum seminum minutissorium sphaericmn 

 includentes." On the following pages over 100 species are Usted. 

 J. S. Agardh (1842, p. 154) says "Sphaerococcus Ag. Grev. Alg. Butt., 

 p. lo7. 



This genus of algae was recognized by Kuetzing (1843, p. 408) with 

 the type species Sphaerococcus confervoides. In (1849, p. 772) he 

 included this in his family Sphaerococceae. This name was used by 

 Marpmann (1885, p. 121) as the generic designation of a coccus capable 

 of souring milk. The name Sphaerococcus lactis acidi w^as given to 

 this organism. This genus name has apparently not been used by 

 other writers. It was rejected by Erwin F. Smith (1905, p. 174). 

 It is invahd for bacteria. 



Sphaerokokkus. An aberrant spelling of Sphaerococcus, Marpmann 

 used by Eisenberg (1891, p. 50). 



Sphaerotilus. This genus was described by Kiitzing (1833, p. 385), 

 with the species Sph. imtans. Later the same author included this 

 genus in his Phycologia generaUs (1843, p. 150) naming three species 

 Sph. natans, Sph. thermalis and Sph. lacteus. The generic descrip- 

 tion is "Stratum floccosum ex globulis minutissimis aggregatis com- 

 positum." The description of Sphaerotilus natans is S. natans, fus- 

 cescens; floccis fugacissimis." 



Bildet sich an Friihlings — und Sommertagen auf stillen Gtewassern fast iiberall. 

 Diese Alge stellt anfangs ein feines braunliches Hautchen dar, welches durch 

 den kleinen Wellenschlag des Wassers zusammengeschoben und an einzelnen Stel- 

 len wieder in Gestalt einzelner Flocken denselben und gangen sich haufig an her- 

 vorragende Gegenstande, ohne hangen sich haufig an hervorragende Gegenstande, 

 ohne ihren Zusammenhang zu verlieren. Sie bilden sich besonders bei ruhigem, 

 warmen Wetter und oft so schnell, dass sie in wenigen Tagen einen ganzen Teich 

 bedecken. Diese Decke besitzt eine schmutzige Fame, und wird auch wolhaufig 

 fur blossen Schmutz gehalten, aber man erkennt unter dem Mikroskope sehr feine 

 organischekiigelchen, die einen geringen Zusammenhang untereinander haben. 



