476 GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 



Spirobacteriaceae. A name for a "Gattung" used by Hueppe 

 (1886, p. 143) with the spelling Spirobakteriaceen to include spiral 

 organisms which produce endogenous spores. Two "subgenera" 

 are included.. Vibrio, and Spirillum. Later (1891, p. 30) he included 

 those forms which produce short spirals, which may develop also into 

 longer spirals. 



Orla-Jensen (1921, p. 264) states: "If there are to be formed families 

 of the cocci and spirilla, they must consequently be termed Cocco- 

 hacteriaceae and Spirillobaderiaceae (or by the older name of Zopf, 

 Spirobacteriaceae) .'' 



Spirobacterium. Klein (1885, p. 37) uses this term apparently as 

 a synonym of Spirillum but without description. Probably invaUd. 



Spirobakteriaceen. A name used by Hueppe to designate the 

 spiral bacteria which produce endogenous spores. Two "subgenera" 

 are included. Vibrio and Spirillum. A variant of Spirobacteriaceae 

 (q.v.). 



Spirobazillus. A variant of Spirobacillus, q.v. used by Meyer (1912, 

 p. 3). The generic description follows: 



Gattung Spirobazillus. (Siehe Zettnow, Festschrift zum 50. Geburtstage 

 von Robert Koch, 1903, S. 383). Peritriche Begeisselung der Oidien. Zellen sich 

 nur quer zur Richtung des Langswachstums teilend. Oidien fast kreisformig 

 gekriimmt. Zellfaden lange steile, dicht gewundene Spiralen bildend. Sporen 

 anscheinend wie bei Bacillus. 



Spirochaeta. A genus of microorganisms first described by Ehren- 

 berg (1833, p. 313), and later by the same author (1838, p. 83), as 

 containing very slender, spiral, forms, actively motile, the cells very 

 much elongated and the spirals consisting of numerous turns. The 

 following diagnosis was used: 



Schlangenthierchen. Familie der Zetterthierchen, Vibrionia, Character 

 generis: Polygastricum? Anenterum, Gymnicum, nee loricatum. Corpus fili- 

 forme, contractione non incrassatum, sed flexuosum, sponte in multas partes 

 transverse dividuum? in spiram angustam, filiformen, plicatilem, contortum." 



The species Spirochaeta plicatilis from stagnant water was described 

 as "S. corpore spirali phcatilique, tenuissimo spirae anfractibus, ipso 

 corpore vix duplo latoribus, augustissimus numerosissimus." 



Dujardin (1841, p. 225) united Spirochaeta to Spirillum, but used 

 the spelling Spirochaeta. 



The name Spirochaeta was applied to a genus of Compositae by 

 Turczaninow (1851, p. 166). This is usually regarded as a synonym 



