514 GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 



Der einzellige Organismus ist stark flexibel, wodurch neben derschrauben oder 

 korkzieherartigen Bewegung auch eine schlangelnde, peitschende. Bewegung 

 hervorgerufen werden kann. Die eng gewundene Spirale bleibt dabei fast unver- 

 andert, ist praformiert. Besonders bei den pathogenen Formen ist die Zahl der 

 steilen Windungen auffallend grosz. Eine feine plasmatische Hiille (periplast), 

 die an den Enden in feinste geiszelartige Fortsatze auslaufen kann, ist jedenfalls 

 vorhanden. Die Fortpflanzung geschieht, soweit bis heute festgestellt werden 

 konnte, durch Langs- oder Querteilung. 



Winslow et al. (Committee Soc, Am. Bact., 1917, p. 563) include this 

 as genus four of the family Spirochaetaceae with the description: 



Treponema Schaudinn. Parasitic and frequently pathogenic forms with undu- 

 lating or rigid spirilliform body. Without crista or columella. With or without 

 flagelliform tapering ends. 



The type species is Treponema pallidum Schaudinn. 



Buchanan (1918, p. 544) proposed the following description: 



Cells slender, spiral, not flattened, attenuated at tips, without crest. Multi- 

 plication by longitudinal or by cross division. Parasites in warm-blooded animals. 

 Motile. 



The type species is Treponema pallida Schaudinn. 



Castellani and Chalmers (1919, p. 454) include this as the sinde 

 genus of the family Treponemidae q.v. 



Bergey et al. (1923, p. 426) include this genus as the fifth in the 

 family Spirochaetaceae with the diagnosis: "Parasitic and frequently 

 pathogenic forms with undulating or rigid spirilliform bod}'. Without 

 crista or columella. With or without flagelliform tapering end." 



Treponemidae. A family name proposed by Schaudinn (1905) ac- 

 cording to Castellani and Chalmers (1919, p. 454). The latter authors 

 give the following description: 



Spirochaetacea with a minute threadlike body twisted into numerous fine 

 coils, with pointed tapering extremities. The body is cylindrical on section, 

 and not flattened, and the spirals appear preformed. There is no undulating 

 membrane. Transverse and longitudinal division have been observed, the latter 

 type being the only one found in cultures. 



One genus onl}', Treponema, is included. 



Trichobacteria. A group name proposed by Messea (1891) and 

 used b}' mam' authors for the filamentous bacteria. 



Trichobacteriaceae. A family of bacteria named by Fischer (1895, 

 p. 138) to include the filamentous bacteria. Fischer's statement 

 follows: 



