526 GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 



II en reste la denomination francaise de Vibrion, que I'on ne doit pas considerer 

 comme un terme de classification, mais comma une simple expression de valeur 

 generale. Elle a et6 tres employee par I'eeole de Pasteur, qui I'a appliquee a 

 bien des Bacteries mobiles, Micrococcus ou Bacillus. Le Vibrion pyogene est un 

 Micrococcus; le Vibrion lactique, le Vibrion butyrique, le Vibrion septique, sont 

 des Bacillus. 



Fischer (1897, p. 32) ascribes an emendation of Vibrio to Loeffler. 

 He includes in the genus the very slightly curved rods which are "com- 

 ma" shaped; motile, monotrichous, with the type species Vibrio 

 cholerae-asiaticae. Lehmann and Neumann (1901, p. 126) use this 

 same definition. These authors credit the name Vibrio cholerae to 

 Buchner (1884). Migula (1897 and 1900) follows Schroeter (1886) 

 in the use of Microspira. 



Matzuschita (1902) defines a Vibrio as a short spiral. 



E. F. Smith (1905, p. 173) agrees that the original description of 

 Vibrio by Miiller does not define the organism, and accepts Loeffier's 

 emendation of Vibrio with Koch's comma bacillus as the type. 



Blanchard (1906, p. 1) credits Vibrio to Ehrenberg (1838) with 

 V. comma as the type. 



Fliigge (1908) includes in Vibrio all comma shaped organisms with 

 polar flagella, all gram negative. 



Vuillemin (1913, p. 518) concludes that Vibrio as a generic name 

 should be suppressed because of its varied uses and believes that if 

 the short spirals are worthy of generic recognition, the name Micro- 

 spira should be used. 



Lohnis (1913) accepts the definition of Vibrio as a comma shaped 

 rod. 



Winslow et al. (Committee Soc. Am. Bact., 1917, p. 556) used the 

 following definition, including Vibrio as the first genus of Spirillaceae. 



Cells short bent rods, rigid, single or united into spirals. Motile by means of 

 a single (rarely two or three) polar flagellum, which is usually relatively short. 

 Many species liquefy gelatin and are active ammonifiers. Aerobic and facul- 

 tative. No endospores. Usually Gram-negative. Water forms, a few 

 parasites. 



The type species is Vibrio cholerae (Koch) Buchner. 



Buchanan (1918, p. 178) followed the committee, using the following 

 diagnosis: 



Short, bent rods, sometimes almost straight. Motile by means of a single 

 (rarely 2 or 3) polar flagellum. Aerobic, and facultative. Grow well on ordinary 



