666 



THE EYE IN EVOLUTION 



V. Hess, C. Arch. Augenheilk., 62, 345 ; 



63, 88 (1909). 

 Arch, vergl. OphthaL, 1, 153 (1910). 

 Zool. Jb., Abt. Zool. Physiol., 30, 339 



(1911) ; Suppl. 15 (3), 155 (1912). 

 Vergl. Physiol, d. Gesichtssinnes, Jena 



(1912). 

 Entw. V. Lichtsinn u. Farhensinn in 



der Tierreiche (1914). 

 V. Hess and Heine. v. Graefes Arch. 



OphthaL, 46, 243 (1898). 

 Hirschberg. Arch. Anat. Physiol., 81 



(1882). 

 Hochbaum. The Canvasback on a Prairie 



Marsh, Wash. (1944). 

 Huxley. Atner. Nat., 72, 416 (1938). 

 Johnson. Philos. Traris. B, 194, 1 (1901). 

 Jones, L. V. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 



47, 253 (1954). 

 Kahmann. Zool. Jb., Abt. Zool. Physiol., 



52, 295 (1932). 

 Zool. Anz., 102, 177 (1933). 

 Karli. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris), 148, 575, 



1111 (1954). 

 Kirkman. Bird Behaviour, London (1937). 

 Kitzler. Z. Tierpsychol., 4, 353 (1941). 

 Kolmer. Pfliigers Arch. ges. Physiol., 204, 



266 (1924). 

 Kuroda. Acta psychol. Keijo, 2,31(1933). 

 Lack. Proc. zool. Soc. Lond., A, 109, 169 



(1939). 

 The Life of the Robin, London (1943). 

 Leplat. Bull. Acad. belg. Clin. Sci., 7, 748 



(1921). 

 C. R. Assoc. Anat., 17, 195 (1922). 

 Lorenz. J. Ornith., Leipzig, 83, 137, 289 



(1935). 

 The Auk, 54, 245 (1937). 

 Verh. dtsch. zool. Ges., 41, 69 (1939). 

 Maes. Ann. Soc. roy. Zool. Belg., 60, 103 



(1930). 

 Marg and Reeves. J. opt. Soc. Amer., 45, 



926 (1955). 

 Marg, Reeves and Wendt. Amer. J. 



Optom., 31, 127 (1954). 

 Marshall. Philos. Trans. B, 226, 423 



(1936). 

 Matthews. Proc. roy. Soc. B, 126, 557 



(1938). 

 Matthiessen. Pfliigers Arch. ges. Physiol., 



38, 521 ; 39, 204 (1886). 

 Z. vergl. Augenheilk., 7, 77 (1893). 

 Meader. Yale J. Biol. Med., 8, 511 (1936). 

 Meesters. Z. Tierpsi/choL, 4, 84 (1940). 

 Michel. Zool. Anz., 98, 158 (1932). 

 Jena. Z. Naturwiss., 66, 577 (1933). 



Morley. Brit. Birds, 35, 261 (1942). 

 Mylnarski. Bull, internal. Acad. Pol. Sci. 



et Lett., Sci. Ser. B, 253 (1951). 

 Noble. The Auk, 53, 269 (1936). 

 Pache. Z. vergl. Physiol., 17, 423 (1932). 

 Parker. J. comp. Psychol., 2, 425 (1922). 

 Pavlov. Ergeb. d. Physiol., 11, 345 (1911). 

 Conditioned Reflexes (Trans. Anrep), 



Oxon. (1927). 

 V. Pflugk. Bull. Soc. frauQ. Ophtal., 25, 



155 (1908). 

 Poulsen. Dansk. Orn. Foren. Tidskr., 38, 



82 (1944). 

 Pumphrey. The Ibis, 90, 171 (1948). 



J. exp. Biol., 25, 299 (1948). 

 Rabaud. Elements de Biol, generale, Paris 



(1920). 

 Razran. Psychol. Bull., 30, 261 (1933). 

 Riddle and Burns. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. 



N.Y., 28, 979 (1931). 

 Rochon-Duvigneaud. Bull. Soc. ophtal., 



Paris, 19 (1918). 

 Recherches sur Voeil et la vision chez les 



vertebres, Paris (1933). 

 Les yeux et la vision des vertebres, Paris 



(1943). 

 RoUinat. Vie des reptiles de la France 



centrale, Paris (1936). 

 Rowley. Genet. Psychol. Monog., 15, 245 



(1934). 

 Russell. The Behaviour of Animals, 



London (1934). 

 Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond., 154, 195 (1943). 

 Schultze. Arch. mikr. Anat., 3, 215 (1867). 

 Thorpe. Learning and Instinct in Animals, 



London (1956). 

 Tinbergen. Wilson Bull., 60, 6 (1948). 



The Study of Instinct, Oxon (1951). 

 Tinbergen and Perdeck. Behaviour, 3, 1 



(1950). 

 Towe. J. comp. physiol. Psychol., 47, 283 



(1954). 

 Valentin. Pfliigers Arch. ges. Physiol., 19, 



78 (1879). 

 Verrier. Bull. Biol. Fr. Belg., Suppl. 11, 



137 (1928). 

 Ann. Sci. 7iat. Zool., 13, 5 (1930). 

 Btdl. Soc. Zool. Fr., 59, 535 (1935). 

 Les yeux et la vision, Paris (1938). 

 Walls. Arch. OphthaL (Chicago), 18, 912 



(1937) ; 23, 831 (1940). 

 The Vertebrate Eye, Michigan (1942). 

 Walls and Judd. Brit. J. OphthaL, 17, 



641, 705 (1933). 

 Wojtusiak. Z. vergl. Physiol., 18, 393 



(1933). 



THE PEKUEPTION OF SPACE 



An appreciation of space and an ability to localize objects therein 

 are essential requirements of all organisms. It is obvious that any 

 capacity for the exploration of space must be referred to some system 



