830 



INDEX 



Retina, characteristics in 

 selachians, 287, 288 

 snakes, 389, 390, 392 

 Sphenodon, 381, 383 

 teleosts, 304, 306 

 tubular eyes, 323 

 urodeles, 347, 348 

 vertebrates, 248, 249 

 embryology of, 239 

 anangiotic, 480 

 central artery of, 477 

 converse, 146 

 corrugated, 642, 643 

 diurnal eyes, in. 610, 611 

 duplicated, in tubular eyes, 323, 643 

 holangiotie, 479 

 inverse, 146 

 inverted, 146 



in arachnids, 149 

 molluscs, 147 

 vertebrates, 241 

 merangiotic, 479 

 nocturnal eyes, in, 609, 610 

 pavirangiotic, 480 

 photo -inechanical changes in, 614 

 pure-cone, 611 



in Calamoichthys, 320 

 colubrid snakes, 392 

 geckos, 365 

 Sciuridse, 483 

 pure -rod, 610 



in chimseras, 290 



deep-sea teleosts, 305 

 echidna, 436 

 Lep idosiren ,313 

 nocturnal geckos, 364, 365 



placentals, 482, 610 

 selachians, 288 

 ramp-, 642, 643 

 rod -rich, 610 



structure of, and accommodation, 656 

 summation in, 611, 659 

 vascularization of, in vertebrates, 476, 



477, 478, 482 

 verted, 146, 241 

 See also Visual cells. 

 Retinal mosaic, perception of movement 

 and, 705 

 visual acuity and, 656 

 pigment. See Pigment, retinal. 

 Retinella, 129 

 Retinule, 157 



Retractor bulbi, characteristics in 

 anurans, 345 

 chelonians, 374 

 lacertilians, 366, 368 

 marsupials, 441 

 monotremes, 437 

 placentals, 495, 496, 501 

 Sphenodon, 383 

 abnormal, in man, 497 



bursalis muscle, in lacertilians, 368 

 Rhabdites, 128 

 Rhabdome, 141, 158 

 Rhacophorus leucomystax, iris, PI. Ill 

 Rhamdia, eyes of, 725 

 Rhea, 397, 410 



fundus, 410 



pecten, 413 

 Rheotaxis, 73 



Rhineura floridana, degenerate eyes of, 733 

 Rhinoceros, 444, 446 



cornea, 453 



eyes of, 450 



fundus, PI. XV 



nictitating membrane, 492 



optic axis, 688 



pupils, 472 



retinal vascularization, 480 



retractor bulbi, 496 



sclera, 450 

 Rhinoglena, frontal eye of, 194 

 Rhinophis, eyelids, 393 



eyes, degenerate, 731 

 Rhipidistia, 234, 235 

 Rhizopods, 180 



contraction to light, 7 



See also Amceba, etc. 

 Rhodopsin, 122 



Rhombencephalon. See Hind-brain. 

 Rhynchocephalians, 353, 379 



eyes of, 380 



See also Sphenodon. 

 Rhythm, diurnal. See Photoperiodism. 



tidal, in crustaceans, 15' 

 molluscs, 15 

 protozoa, 16 

 Rhytina, 446 

 Roach. See Rutilus. 

 Robin. See Erithacus. 



American. See Turdus migratorius. 

 Rochon-Duvigneaud, Andre-Jean- 



Fran9ois, 332, 333 

 Rodents, 445 



accommodation in, 653 



1 



