March 2?., 1907 



HORTICULTURE 



381 



FiUils Caimiue Pillar, H. T. ; rhiladelphla 

 liambler, I'ol.; Uelue Marie Hcuriette, H. 

 T.; Rubin, Pol. 



Rose or Pink — Climbing Caroline Testout, 

 H. T. ; Climbing Clothilde Soupert, Pol.; 

 Climbing La France, H. T. ; Climbing Mme. 

 de Watteville, T.; Cllmbliig Mrs. W. J. 

 Grant. T. ; Climbing Souv. de la Malmaison, 

 B. ; Climbing Victor Verdier, H. R. ; Cum- 

 berland Belle. Moss; Dawson, H. Multi.; 

 Debutante, H. Wlcli.; Dorothy Perliins, 

 H. Wieli.; Helene, Pol.; Karissima, H. 

 Wicli.; Lady Gay, Pol.; Leuchstern, Pol.; 

 Mme. Berard. T.; Minnehaba, Paradise, 

 Plnli Pearl, H. Wicb.; Piulj Roamer, H. 

 Wicli. ; Psyche, Pol.; Queen of the Prai- 

 ries, Setlgera.; South Orange Perfection, 

 H. Wich.; Sweetheart, H. Wich. ; Univer- 

 sal Favorite, H. Wich.; Wedding Bells, 

 Pol.; Wm. Egan, H. Wich. 



White — Aimee Vibert, N.; Bruuoni fl. pi., 

 Mosch. ; Countess of Lieveo, Arv.; Gar- 

 denia Flora, Pol.; Climbing Kaiserin Au- 

 gusta Victoria, H. T. ; Climbing iNiphetos, 

 T.; Mme. Alfred Carriere, H. N.; Manda's 

 Triumph, H. Wich.; Moschata alba, Mosch.; 

 Rampant, Spv.; Schneelicht, Rug.; Splen- 

 dens, Arv.; Thalia (White Rambler) H. 

 Mfl. 



Yellow— Gardenia, H. Wich.; Wm. Allen 

 Richardson, N, 



While speaking alsout Climbers, 

 ■would it not be feasible to bud the 

 Baby Rambler in numbers on the 

 main shoots of the Crimson Rambler 

 or other vi.gorous climber covering a 

 trellis or arch, and so transform the 

 ordinary rambler into an everbloom- 

 er? I suppose this could be done suc- 

 cessfully by relieving the rambler of its 

 own flowering wood and by renewing 

 the budding yearly on the new wood, 

 which is grown along to replace the 

 old. 



No I'ose garden would be complete 

 without our wild and native roses, 

 and we can use them as an iutroduc- 

 tory feature in the way of border plan- 

 tations around the garden. They are: 

 Rosa Alba, Blanda, Canina, Carol- 

 ineana, Lucida, Multiflora, Nitida, 

 Rubiginosa, Rugosa, Setigera and 

 many others. 



The pretty Midget Rose, Rosa mul- 

 tiflora nana, should be freely used for 

 borders along trellises. They are so 

 easily grown from seed, if sown inside 

 as early as Februai-y, potted up and 

 planted out in May. 



Other miscellaneous garden roses 

 not to be forgotten are: 



Soleil d'Or. A. B. ; Per.sian Yell.iw. A. B.; 

 Harrison's Yellow. A. B. : Austrian Cop- 

 per. A. H.: York and Lancaster. GnlUca; 

 Stanwell's Perpetual. Damask: Cabbage, 

 Centifoiia: White Bankaian. Banks: Yellow 

 Banksiau. ISanks: Bennett's Seedling, Ayr- 

 shire: .Mme. Plantier. Galliea. 



Lord Penzance's Sweetbriars — Amy Rob- 

 sart, Annie of Gierstein, Brenda, Catherine 

 Seyton. Edith Bellenden, Flora M'lvor, 

 Green Mantel. Jeannie Deans. Julie Man- 

 nerlng, I^ady Penzance, Lord Penzance, 

 Lucy Asliton. Lucy Bertram. Meg. Merri- 

 los. Minn.i, Kcise Bradwardine. 



Of all plants deserving special care 

 and attentive culture, the rose, in my 

 mind, is first. I regret that some of 

 our ;;rowers and distributers to ama- 

 teurs should state in their catalogues 

 and guides on rose culture that the 

 necessity of thorough preparation of 

 soil, proper cultivation, etc.. is a story 

 of ancient belief, and that roses will 

 grow in any soil, location and con- 

 dition. 



They will grow, yes, but will they 

 flourish? Do not let us deceive and 

 disappoint the lovers of roses for the 

 sake of making easy money, for it is 

 unjust and does not pay in the end, 

 for one disappointed customer will dis- 

 courage many " prospective buyers, 

 while every successful amateur rose 

 grower will induce and instruct all his 

 friends and neighbors. Let us tell the 



people that the rose is a great feeder 

 and delights in a heavy loamy soil en- 

 riched by cow manure, and let us ask 

 them to prepare their beds before 

 planting, to a proper depth, provide 

 the necessary drainage, if necessary, 

 that thorough cultivation is better 

 than continuous watering and sprink- 

 ling; in short, give them the infor- 

 mation that will make them expert 

 rose growers and we will make them 

 happy and our friends forever. The 

 real lover of roses will not shrink 

 from the expense and labor involved 

 in such culture and his success will 

 convert others. 



The very growers who advocate the 

 planting the roses in any old way seem 

 to have to go away from home to find 

 subjects fit for illustrations in their 

 catalogues, intended to show good rose 

 culture. Good rose culture, however, 

 means good deep loam, renewed fer- 

 tilization of well decomposed manure 

 properly applied, frequent cultivation 

 and appropriate watering at the 

 proper time, etc. This is the treat- 

 ment of the soil to which the building 

 up and sustaining of the root system 

 of the plant is entrusted. 



The part of the plant above ground 

 demands equal attention. Beginning 

 in spring we must induce and balance 

 the growth of the flowering wood, by 

 proper pruning, and to do this prop- 

 erly we must consider the habit, char- 

 acter and strength of the plants. Vig- 

 orous Hybrid Remontants we should 

 relieve of all weak and superfluous 

 wood, being satisfied with from 6 to 8 

 main shoots to a plant, and those we 

 must cut back to from 5 to 7 eyes. 

 Weaker plants we must prune more 

 severely yet, cutting back to 3 or 4 

 eyes. The Hybrid Teas, which do bet- 

 ter in not too heavy a soil, we must 

 relieve of all weak and dead wood, and 

 cut the remainder back 1-4 to 1-3 of 

 their length. Teas and Polyanthas, 

 of course, we won't cut back at all ex- 

 cept to remove old and dead wood, 

 with the object in view to keep the 

 plant vigorous by inducing and favor- 

 ing a certain percentage of young 

 growth. 



During the flowering season we 

 must constantly be on the watch. 

 Passing flowers should be picked oft 

 every .Jay and that before they drop 

 all their petals. We can procure a 

 second, and with some varieties of the 

 Remontants, an almost continuous 

 crop of flowers, by pruning past flow- 

 ering shoots radically back to 6 or 8 

 eyes during the summer season. 



We must supply the necessary at- 

 mospheric moisture to our plants by a 

 thorough syringing from below, ap- 

 plied after sundown; a treatment to 

 which the rose readily responds dur- 

 ing dry weather. Such sprinkling, 

 furthermore, at least partly over- 

 comes the minor insect pests, such as 

 the aphis, red spider and rose hopper. 

 We must closely watch for the arch 

 enemy of the rose, the chafer, and 

 pick him off for his kerosene bath, 

 while we have to crush the leaf-roller 

 with unrelenting energy and thor- 

 oughness. Slugshot, hellebore, bor- 

 deaux mixture, whale-oil soap and 

 similar remedies must be on hand for 

 ready use for other pests, mildew and 

 other diseases and must be applied in 

 good season and effective manner. 



For the over wintering of our roses 

 we must take due precaution by pro- 



viding the necessary cover. The most 

 effective, in fact the only satisfactory 

 method, is to tie the shoots together 

 and heap up the soil around the root- 

 stock as high as possible, and if the 

 plants are properly distanced, namely 

 2 feet to 2 feet 6 inches for the H. R. 

 and 10 to 20 inches for the H. T., such 

 heaping is entirely feasible. Then 

 after frost has set in, put in a good 

 covering of manure around those hills 

 and ordinary bedding or litter between 

 them. In spring remove the bedding, 

 pull the manure down between the 

 hills, rake your soil over it and do 

 your pruning as soon as the eyes begin 

 to break. 



Standard roses I think are most 

 successfully grown by lifting them 

 every fall and burying them in 18 in. 

 or more of soil. Better yet have 

 them in small tubs and bury tub and 

 all. Climbers can be bent down and 

 buried in the ground. By this method 

 the bark is however easily cracked if 

 not very carefully handled, and the re- 

 sult is the loss of many of the main 

 shoots. Thorough binding up in long 

 straw with outside paper cover, there- 

 fore, seems the most advisable cover 

 for climbers in need of such protec- 

 tion. 



Where the winter is not too severe, 

 I consider fall planting preferable to 

 spring planting provided the planting 

 is done in good season and not later 

 than 'November 15th. There in short 

 are the general cultural directions 

 under which I have seen the happiest 

 results in the rigid climate of the east, 

 Connecticut for instance. 



To us all these matters of culture 

 are a matter of course, but for the 

 amateur they are perplexing to begin 

 with but should not be discouraging. 

 No one today hesitates to acquire an 

 automobile, not knowing the least 

 thing about its mechanism or underly- 

 ing principles of locomotion. To begin 

 with he or she will be puzzled, but as 

 gradually through experience and 

 study tile mechanism and working 

 principles of the machine explain 

 themselves, the amateur chauffeur be- 

 comes the self-confident master of this 

 complicated creation of the profes- 

 sional machinist, and he not only runs 

 the machine but attends to ordinary 

 repairs and before long has some sug- 

 gestions to make for improvements. 

 Why should the same amount of in- 

 telligence not be able to solve the so 

 much easier problems of competent 

 and sensible rose culture. 



For instance, there is quite a dif- 

 ference of opinion as to the relative 

 value of budded or grafted plants and 

 plants on their own roots. I think we 

 most all agree tliat budded plants are 

 giving much better results as to vigor 

 of growth and quality of bloom, but 

 we realize that the average amateur 

 grower may be better served with 

 plants on their own roots, because 

 there will be no danger of his losing 

 his flowering plant through the un- 

 recognized or unnoticed growth of 

 wild suckers. 



Now I think we ought to at least 

 give our friends, the customers, credit 

 for ordinary intelligence, by telling 

 them that if they will compare the 

 foliage of a wild rose with that of .a 

 hybrid, they will soon learn to dis- 

 tinguish between a sucker and the real 

 thing; and they will understand that 

 by diligently removing the former 



