1882. 



AND HORTICULTURIST. 



177 



have very often flowers approaching the purely 

 female condition, that is with perfect pistils, but 

 with defective stamens. Prof. Budd finds the 

 same defect sometimes in some of the Rogers 

 varieties. 



Oranges in Europe. — M. Charles Joly, of 

 Paris, in a recent paper on the exports and im- 

 ports of fruits in France, gives the enormous 

 quantity of 37,168,909 kilogrammes as the im- 

 portation from Spain alone during 1881. This, 

 as the consumption of one country alone, 

 shows the great importance of the orange crop 

 to Spain. 



Osage Orange Silk.— Prof. C. V. Riley called 

 attention some time since to the fact that the 

 common silk worm would do as well on osage 

 orange leaves as on mulberry, Last year the 

 Women's Silk Culture Association, of Philadel- 

 phia, had silk from osage-fed worms sent to 

 Itschners factory. It was returned in the shape 

 of a silk ribbon to the ladies with the following 

 letter : " We send you twenty yards of ribbon 

 made from the silk raised on Osage Orange 

 leaves, handed to us during your late exhibition. 

 We see no difference in the dye or weaving from 

 other silk." 



Pear, B. S. Fox.— Fruit of this, tested by Mr. 

 Barry in April, indicates that it will be as grand 

 a winter pear in the East as it proved to be in 

 California, where it originated. 



Cochin China Grape. — This is attracting much 

 attention in Europe. Like the Vitis incisa of 

 our Southern States, it has tuberous roots— but 

 that is rather a Cissus — while this appears to be 

 a true grape, though the botanical name is not 

 given. It is believed in France, where it was 

 first introduced by M. Martin, government 

 gardener at Saignon, that it will be proof against 

 Phylloxera, and naturally is exciting much- in- 

 terest on this account. Good wine has been 

 made from it. 



The Pocklington Grape. — Mr. Samuel Miller, 

 the raiser of Martha, believes his variety will be 

 superseded by the Pocklington. 



Winter Nelis Pear. — Chas. A. Green finds 

 that this does not succeed farther East than 

 Rochester. 



Peach Flowers. — There is a large flowered 

 and a small flowered class of peaches. Mr. 

 Raphael Sherfey makes the important discovery 

 that the large flowered kinds get through the 



early spring frosts better than the small flowered 

 kinds. " The more is the pity," says friend 

 Edwin Satterthwaite, for " all the good peaches 

 are among the small flowerers." 



Preserving Spanish Grapes.— These grapes, 

 which come to market in such a pretty unshriv- 

 elled condition, and with so little taste, the 

 Garden believes are gathered before fully ripe. 



Pea Sticks.— Some peas need no sticks to 

 climb on, but the largest crops are from those 

 which need sticks. Experiments made with the 

 same kind of peas show a much larger product 

 from those which have sticks to climb on. 

 Twiggy sticks must be used, as the tendril can- 

 not clasp a club. Good gardeners use stout 

 branches if they can get them, but pluck ofi'the 

 upper twigs and stick them in between the stout 

 branches at the ground. This helps the young 

 plant up to where all the light twigs are. 



Full Podded Peas. — Drawings in European 

 catalogues exhibit peas fourteen in a pod. Did 

 any one see in this country that many in a pod, 

 in either an old or a new variety? 



President Garfield Pea. — This is said to be 

 the latest improvement in English peas, and to 

 be well worthy of its name. 



SCRAPS AND QUERIES. 



Juglans pr^parturiens. — A California cor- 

 respondent submits the following questions, 

 which, not being well versed in the history of 

 this particular variety, we should be glad if some 

 correspondent can answer : 



1. How large does the English Dwarf Prolific 

 (Pra^parturiens) grow ? that is, how many feet in 

 height, and how many inches in diameter at the 

 butt? 



2. Have you on your place any such trees? If 

 so, how old and how big are they ? How do 

 they bear ? How hardy are they ? 



3. Who did originate the Dwarf Prolific Wal- 

 nut (Prseparturiens) ? 



4. At what age do the trees bear? 



5. How large is the nut? 



6. Did you ever hear of Andre Leroy Standard 

 Prseparturiens (Juglans prteparturiens or Fertile) 

 Walnut? 



Disease in Pear and Apple Trees. — "C. W. T.," 

 Hulmeville, Pa., writes : " I was yesterday look- 

 ing through a very fine orchard in this vicinity 



