GARDENING. 



In filling the frame, economize the space, 

 keep the several plants of like nature to- 

 gether, and give each one no more 

 .room than is necessary to planting out 

 time next .\])ril. Before winter sets in 

 let the plants in the frame have all the 

 weather that comes even to several de- 

 grees of frost, and when you do put the 

 sashes and covering on, let it be to keep 

 in the little frost as much as to keep out 

 the hard frost. A mild equable tempera- 

 ture is what we want. Ventilate freely 

 in open weather, but exclude sunshine in 

 win er if practicable, except lo dry and 

 sweeten the frame, as w c >1i<mi1(I aim to 

 avoid stimidating the phints into gio a th 

 Expose them freely towards siiring, and 

 lift them with good roots and balls in 

 early spring and plant them out of doors 



The list of plants: We have grouped 

 the plants of a kind together and num- 

 bered them, to enable us to answer about 

 them more eas-ily. 



1. Both of these anemones are per- 

 fectly hardy, but if planted now they will 

 make very little root growth this season. 

 We would plant them thicker in a cold 

 frame, jtist to winter the roots safel}- and 

 set them out permanentlv next spring. 



2. Chrysantha is perfectly hardy and 

 should be planted out at once; if the 

 plants of the variety alba are strong, 

 plant them out too, but if weak keep 

 them in the frame. Grigor's columbine, 

 however, should be wintered in the frame. 

 It is a lovely little beaut_v, hardy but 

 miffy. Treat it as a biennial. 



3. Plant out the asclepias roots, they 

 are as hardj- as rocks. But beside each 

 root set a deep stout peg to mark the 

 place, for as the tops die down to under 

 the ground, and the plants start to grow 

 (|nite late in spring we are apt to forget 

 where thev are and dig them over. 



4-. In the frame only. While it might 

 do all right out of doors, transplanted 

 now, it makes so little root growth at 

 this time of year that frost in winter is 

 apt to heave it out of the ground. 



o. Plant it out, mark its place with a 

 stout peg. and throw a little light mulch 

 over the crown in winter to keep the frost 

 from disturbing it. 



6. Plant it out. Young plants, even 

 as late as this, make good roots before 

 winter sets in. It is quite hardy. 



7. Keep it in a frame. V\ e were the 

 first to cultivate this plant. It is easily 

 raised from seed, but it isn't a tough or 

 long-lived plant. 



S. Brunoniamim and Casbmen'anum 

 may be planted out in dryish ground, 

 and a little rough mulching placed over 

 or around them in winter. Grandiflorum 

 is hardy enough, and the deep blue, pale 

 blue and white single flowered forms are 

 very pretty, but we don't think you will 

 care mucli for the /?. pi., if you have 

 raised it from seed. This species is as 

 easily raised from seed as any annual 

 larkspur, and it blooms the first summer. 

 What is known as Delphinium Breckii is 

 simply a deep blue double flowered form 

 of this species. It is good, so too, are the 

 old double blue and pale blue, we used to 

 grow and perpetuate by division, but 

 they are mifl'y, hence very scarce. The 

 seedling doubles, however, contain lots 

 of trash. Canlinale is a tuberous species. 

 Better gather its roots together, winter 

 them in the cold frame and plant them 

 out singly in spring. Although lots of it 

 are raised fioni seed every year and 

 grown in our gardens, we seldom sec it 

 in good condition. 



9. Diantbus dentosus is hardy and 

 may be planted outside. Bnrbatus is the 

 sweet william of gardens, and may be 



planted in a bed outside and mulched a 

 little in winter. Tree or perpetual are 

 the same as our winter lilonniiiiL; -nen- 

 house carnations, and imil llic lin.ice- 

 tion of a frame. If tin- .\lai ^,in i rani.i- 

 tions have been blooming tins sninnier 

 the same plants are hardly worth saving 

 over winter; raise young plants from cut- 

 tings or seed. But if they are young keep 

 them in a cold frame over winter and 

 plant them out in spring. Picotees are a 

 race of summer blooming carnations and 

 should be kept in the h'ame. Although 

 Chinese pinksoften live out of doors over 

 winter, it is always best to give them a 

 frame protection, and plant them out in 

 April. 



10. Digitalis is the botanical name of 

 foxglove. Seedlings of all three when 

 they come up among the bushes in the 

 garden seem to be perfectly hardy, but in 

 open beds they are nut. We plant them 

 in a bed in rows 15 inches apart, and 

 in winter mulch them over w^ith some 

 tree leaves and sedge or branches to keep 

 the leaves in place. 



11. If the plants were established out- 

 side we should leave them there; but if 

 they are young and in frames we should 

 advise let them alone till spring. 



12. Double geums are hardy enough 

 and may be left out or kept in a bed or 

 frame. If the variety is good winter it 

 under cover. 



13. In a slightly shaded, moistish, 

 sheltered place the cardinal flower and its 

 varieties live and thrive in our gardens, 

 and we should plant them out now, and 

 lay an everJreen branch over them in 

 winter. The same w'ith the great blue 

 lobelia (syphilitica), except that it is a 

 tougher plant than cardinalis. 



14-. If it is outside now let it stay 

 there; indeed young plants may be 

 planted out now and mulched a little in 

 winter. We raise them from seed every 

 year, treating them as annuals. 



15. Plant it out in a bed or border, 

 and transplant to where you want it in 

 spring. It is a coarse biennial, but makes 

 quite a show of white flowers. 



16. Myosotis or forget-me-nots that 

 selfsow themselves about the borders 

 here come up in fall, and live nicely with- 

 out any further protection than the 

 shelter afforded by the bushes and herb- 

 aceous plants, and bloom charmingh- in 

 spring. But we find that those raised 

 from seed in the ordinary way aren't 

 quite so amiable, and we give them the 

 shelter of a frame, and then they bloom 

 all the earlier in spring for us. 



17. This is an annual. Do you find it 

 hardy with you? It is a gem of a little 

 plant. Sown in the fall, it may live over 

 winter in the frame, but not outside. We 

 have grown it for years as a summer 

 bloomer, raising it from seed in spring. 

 We never tried to keep it over winter. 



IS. Plant it out, and lay an ever- 

 green branch over it in winter. It is 

 hardy enough. 



19. The oriental poppy is hardy 

 enough, and starts to grow a little in 

 fall. Plant it out now. The other two 

 (mtdicaule) are what are known as Ice- 

 land poppies, and although t'lej- are very 

 hardy, if the plants are small they are as 

 well in the frame; if large, and the border 

 in w^hich they are growing is raised 

 enough to be above water lying on it at 

 any time in winter, we would as soon 

 plant them out as ke>p them in the 

 frame. 



20. All the pentstemons we should 

 keep in the frame. 



21. With lonsiderable care both of 

 these primroses will succeed out of doors, 

 but the best results with Cashmeriaiia 



are got from the frame, both as regards 

 growing and blooming. We should keep 

 Ja]i<iiiica in the iVanie this winter and 

 plant it out next spring in a moist, 

 Inintly shaded, well pidtected spot, and 

 let the ripe see Is lall upon theground and 

 produce young plants, thus getting up a 

 natural colon v of them. 



22. Being "perfectly hardy, plant it 

 out, and lay a spruce or fir branch over 

 it in winter to keep it from heaving. 



23. Outside, and plant it at once. 

 Goodly sized plants don't transplant 

 well unless they are pot grown. 



24- Both do well with us out of doors 

 in winter, at the same time as it isn't a 

 castiron ])lant, it is well to have some 

 young plants kept in a frame and planted 

 out early in spring. 



25. In a frame only, and a snug and 

 warm frame at that. As verbenas set 

 seeds so freely, and seedlings grow so 

 easily and bloom so profusely, we never 

 keep over old plants now, the voung 

 crop is raised from seed every year. 



WILD PLANTS IN BLOOM SEPIEMBBR 4. 



One of the most beautiful flowers of the 

 season is the cardinal flower {Lobelia car- 

 dinalis). Tho gh mostly found in wet 

 meadows, it does almost as well in ordi- 

 nary situations in the garden. Like all 

 handsome flowers it is becoming extinct 

 near our large cities, .\nother species, the 

 great blue lobelia (L. syphilitica), is also 

 a handsome one, and more plentiful here 

 than the other. Both are in fine bloom. 



Another bush trefoil (Desmodium Dil- 

 lenii), has come into bloom recently, it is 

 an erect growing sort, bearing purple flow- 

 ers. Lespedeza Stiuvei, a bush clover, 

 grows two to three feet high, in dry soils 

 and bears violet colored flowers. The bien- 

 nial gaura, a beautiful, tall growing plant 

 with pretty, rosy red flowers graces the 

 banks of the Schujdkill river. Among 

 eupatoriums some are pretty and some 

 not. The hoarhound, which gives us its 

 white flowers now, must be classed with 

 the last. But it is valued for its medici- 

 nal properties. 



Rain is required to bring along many 

 of our asters. Puniceus, the strong grow- 

 ing one found along the ditches, and 

 w'hicli has reddish stems and pale purple 

 flowers, is fairly well in bloom. So is 

 cordifolias, a bold aster with pale bltie 

 flowers, and found in open woods. 



Thecurious parastic beech drops( Epiphe- 

 giis Virg-iniana) is abundant on the roots 

 of the beech hereabouts. It has dull red 

 stems and brownish white flowers. A 

 botanical friend tells me he has found it 

 growing on the roots of other trees, but 

 this has not been within niy experience. 



The beggar ticks, coeklebur and bur 

 marigold, all bold weeds, are in bloom 

 but they make no floral show. Golden 

 rods CSolidago), display themselves 

 slowly; puberula, ulmifolia and cxsia, all 

 tall growing, make a fine display of their 

 yellow blossoms, but many other kinds 

 are not yet in bloom. A sunflower 

 {Heliantbus decapetahis), found along 

 streams, giows three to four feet high 

 and makes a prominent display of yellow 

 blossoms. 



The wild radish (Rupbaniis Raphanis- 

 trum), yellow flowered, has appeared in 

 this vicinity in some abundance. 



The fragrant foliage of the American 

 pennyroyal (Hedeonia pulegoides) makes 

 pleasant a walk through dry fields. The 

 horse mint {Monarda punctata) is abund- 

 ant in sandy fields; its yellow and red 

 flowers are very pretty. In the same 

 order are the spearmint [Mentha viridis) 

 and the peppermint {M. piperita). 



