i8g6. 



GARDENING. 



151 



CHRYSANTHEMUM WM. SIMPSON 



Ttirneri and C Veitchii, Phaius grandi- 

 folius, P. liernavsii and P. Wallichii, On- 

 cidium incurvum, O. Carendishii and O. 

 pubescens, Leptotes hicolor, Phalwnopsis 

 grandiffora and P. Stuartiana, Odonto- 

 glossuni Rossii. O. pulchelluni inajus and 

 O. luteo-purpureum, Lselia cinnabarina, 

 and last but not least Dendrobium fim- 

 briatum and D Swbriatum oculatuni, D. 

 saavissimum. D. nohile, D. Dalbousea- 

 num, V. Wardianum and D. chrysanthum. 



Prices of orchids have been greatly re- 

 duced the last few years, so that it does 

 not require a little fortune to decorate 

 the conservatory with a few of these ele- 

 gant bloomers. This is especially true of 

 the cypripedium family, and no conserva- 

 tory should be without a dozen or two of 

 the different types. 



Chicago. Edward (7. Uiiii.kin. 



Chrysanthemums. 



Chrysanthemum Wm. Simpson.— Un- 

 doubtedly this isoneof the finest of all our 

 new varieties. It is a hroad-petalled, 

 incurved Japanese sort, having the center 

 fully closed up, and with reflexing lower 

 petals that add materially to its massive- 

 ness; in color it is of deep Maud Dean 

 pink; in form somewhat like Mrs. E. G. 

 Hill, and its blossoms, which arebomeon 

 upright stiff stems, measure from 9 to 11 

 inches across. It was raised from seed 

 saved bv Mr Joseph Heacock, Wvncote, 

 Pa., Iroiii his own plants in the fall of '93; 

 first bloomed in '94-, and in '9.'j captured 



the highest honors at our horticultural 

 exhibitions; the judges on new chrysan- 

 themums gave it 86 points out of a possi- 

 ble 100. It is also one of the earliest of 

 our large-flowering varieties, being in 

 good bloom in the latter part of October. 

 It is an excellent example of how quickly 

 our florists detect the good in a plant, 

 and when they have found sterling merit 

 how vigorously they can propagate the 

 variety. Two years ago the seed from 

 which Wm Simpson was raised was 

 sown; to-day over 100,000 plants, and 

 all propagated from that one seedling, 

 ■ the market. 



all propagated 

 are ready for th( 



Roses. 



PRUNING OF GREENHOUSE ROSES. 



How shall I prune La France, N'iphc- 

 tos and Souvenir d'un Ami roses; when 

 should it be done, and how much should I 

 cut outof them? Theseroses wereplanted 

 out in my greenhouse twelve years ago. 

 Niphetos and Souvenir d'un Ami are in 

 bloom now, but La France is not so pro- 

 fuse. My greenhouse has a southeast 

 exposure, and is somewhat shaded in 

 summer. M. W. R. 



Iowa City. 



A fewof thesmall sprays of non-bearing 

 wood may be cut out now if the plants 

 are very full of it, but do this sparingly 

 at this season of the year. Defer the gen- 

 eral pruning till the end of next July or 

 the beginning ot .\ugust; previous to that. 



however, say for about four weeks, grad- 

 ually withhold water from them, so as to 

 somewhat ripen the wood without caus- 

 ing it to shrivel or the leaves to drop 

 1)11, but it should be suflicient to cheek the 

 young soft growths, in fact to virtually 

 stop the plants from producing any new 

 growths. When the wood has been rip- 

 ened up sufficiently take a pair of sharp 

 pruning shears and starting at the base 

 of each plant cut away all the small 

 s])ray like branches back to good sound 

 eyes on each shoot producing them, then 

 shorten the main strong branches back 

 to within four or five eyes of the base 

 from where they last started, but be care- 

 ful to leave some green leaves on each 

 shoot if possible. Then every branch and 

 leaf should be carefully raked ofl!' and 

 cleared away, and a good spraying of 

 water from coarse rose on the hose given 

 to the whole house, and at the same time 

 giving a fairly liberal watering to the 

 roots Wait long enough to allow of the 

 surplus moisture drying up, then with a 

 stout rake draw away from the surface 

 of the bed as much of the old soil as can 

 be done without injuring the roots and 

 remove it from the house, and replace it 

 with a liberal top dressing of equal parts 

 good loam and well decomposed manure 

 well mixed up before putting it on, and 

 make the surface level. Then give the 

 whole a watering sufficient togodownas 

 deep as the roots are. After this attend 

 to daily syringings, etc , and the result 

 will doubly repay the cost and trouble for 

 the next winter's supply of roses. 



John N. May. 



Rose Seed. — G. H., Yarmouthport, 

 .Mass., asks: "Is the enclosed rose seed 

 good and ripe enough to plant now?" 

 Ans. Hep pretty dry, but on breaking it 

 and cutting the seeds open thev seem to 

 be alive and well If the seeds' is old it 

 may take a long time to germinate. 



The Fruit Garden. 



THE ORIGIN OF THE BALDWIN flPPLB. 



The following account of the origin of 

 the Baldwin apple was prepared bv B. V. 

 French, vice-president of the Massachu- 

 setts Horticultural Society and published 

 in the Horticulturist of Albany, N. Y., 

 January 1847. These facts concerning 

 this well known fruit may be of interest 

 to your readers, and they exemplify the 

 permanence of the "really excellent." As 

 it appears this variety highly esteemed 

 yet in many sections of the country has 

 been favorably known for at least 150 

 years. ' J. C. Berrien. 



Steubenville, Ohio. 



"This justly esteemed fruit originated 

 in Wilmington near Boston, in that part 

 which now makes a portion of the new- 

 town of Sommerville, in the county of 

 Middlesex, Mass. The original treegrew 

 on the farm of a Mr. Butters and was 

 known for a time as the "Butters apple." 

 This tree was frequented and pecked by 

 the wood pecker, and Mr. Butters called 

 It the "wood pecker" apple which was 

 soon abbreviated to the Pecker apple. Mv 

 trees which I set out twenty-eight years 

 since (1818) are registered "Pecker." 

 This fruit must have been known about a 

 century. Orchards were propagated from 

 Mr. Butters' tree, pretty freely about 

 seventy-five years since by Dr. Jabez 

 Brown of Wilmington and Col. Baldwin 

 of Woburn and their sons, to whom the 

 public are principally indebted for bring- 



