2 38 



THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY 



[August, 



Fourth year, 2.0(10 boxes @ S1.60 S 3,200 



Care ot vineyard and marketing 1,-100 



Profit 90 ^, or 16 < per year $_1^00 



Fiftli year, 2,500 boxes (a>. Si. 60 S ■1,000 



Care (if vineyard and marketing 1,>*00 



Profit 1 10 ^, or 59 '} per year 



$ 2,2110 



For rr/«^.— The profits of a vineyard for wine 

 are as follows : 



COST OF VINEYAHt). 



10 acres of land 



10,000 2 year-old vines @ $100 per 1000 



Planting and care of vineyard, first year. 



Care of vineyard for second year 



Incidental 



Capital required. 



S 1,000 



1.0' 



250 



150 



100 



S 2,500 



NET KECEIPTS. 



Second year, 4 year-old vines, 30 tons of grapes, 4,.500 



gallons & 20c 



Cost of marketing 



S 900 

 400 



FroTit 20 ;;, or 10 < per 



S 500 



Third year, 50 tons grapes, 7,500 gallons @ 20c. 

 Care of vineyard and marketing 



8 1,500 

 50(1 



Profit 40 f;, or 20 '} per year ^_y?2? 



Fourth year, 75 tons grapes, 11,250 gallons # 20c 



Care of Vineyard and marketing 



% 2,2.50 

 750 



Profit ee !>, or 30 ;:; per year ^Jij^!^ 



Fifth year, 100 tons grapes, 15,000 gallons @ 20c. 

 Care o"f vineyard and marketing 



S 3,000 

 1.000 



Profit SO '}, or 40 < per year S_2J)iiO 



The market for raisins and wine is always good, 

 for the reason that they are not perishable, but 

 will keep for any length of time. 



Olives. — Olives have the advantage over all 

 other fruits in being longer lived, and an orchard 

 once possessed is possessed for all time. Trees are 

 now in full vigor which were planted many cen- 

 turies ago. Those planted in Southern California 

 over one hundred years ago, by the early Spanish 

 missionaries, are now yielding crops valued at 

 $150 per tree. They have also the advantage of 

 growing and flourishing in soil almost too poor for 

 anything else. A stony soil is best suited to them 

 and locations contiguous to the sea. They require 

 a climate whose mean annual temperature is not 

 less than 57°. The mean temperature of the 

 coldest month should not be less than 41°, and the 

 thermometer should at no time drop below 14°. 

 At Santa Barbara and San Diego especially, they 

 have proven very remunerative. The Olives of 

 Southern CaUfornia are preferred by epicures to 

 those of foreign importation, owing to their pecu- 

 liar nutty flavor. The best variety is the Spanish 

 ohve, which is large and fine flavored. They 

 require very little water and attention. Trees are 



in good bearing at seven years old and will yield a 

 profit of $500 per acre. In nine years they will be 

 in full bearing, yielding a profit of at least Jiooc 

 per acre. The profits of an olive orchard for the 

 first five years will be about the same as shown for 

 an orange orchard. 



Apricots. — The apricot is one of the most 

 profitable and reliable of fruits in California. In 

 its culture there is this advantage, it is a practical 

 monopoly of Middle and Southern California, for 

 it does not succeed as an orchard fruit in any 

 other part of the United States, nor in any part of 

 Europe. It may be safely said that there is no 

 fruit cultivated in semi-tropic California that pays 

 better during the early years of the orchard, nor 

 one with which the grower is more independent of 

 the market for fresh fruits. It is a favorite fruit 

 with the dryers and canners, and if from any 

 cause there is not a ready sale for the fresh fruit, 

 he can purchase a dryer and evaporate the fruit, 

 producing an article that will command ready 

 sale at the highest market price. The trees do 

 best near the coast, where the foliage can inhale 

 the moisture of the daily breeze. The leading 

 varieties are Moorpark, Golden and Royal. 



The profits from apricots are shown as follows : 



CCST OF OKCHAKD. ', 



10 acres of land ? 1,000 



1.000 budded trees @ 2oc 2.50 



Planting and cultivation, first year 200 



Care of orchard, 2 years, ft 8150 per year 300 



Incidental .50 



Capital required S l.HOO 



NET KECEIPT.S. 



Third year, 25,000 lbs. of fruit (g 3c . . . . 



7.50 

 250 



Cost of marketing. 



Profit 28 '>, or 9 'i per year * 500 



Fourth year, 50,000 lbs. (R) 3c S 1,500 



Care of orchard and marketing 500 



Profit 55 <., or 20 '". per year S 1.000 



The aim should be to have the fruit weigh eight 

 or ten to the pound. Smaller than this are not 

 used in canning. 



Other Fruits. — Apples, cherries, peaches and 

 plums may be treated like apricots and yield large 

 returns, but are not so profitable as those named 

 before. Many other fruits are grown in Southern 

 California, but not enough is known about them to 

 warrant any positive statements. Figs, walnuts, 

 Maderia nuts, almonds and bananas have all been 

 planted and fruited with great success. But they 

 'are too much of an experiment as yet, and beginners 

 in fruit culture should confine themselves to the 

 staple products, oranges, olives, grapes and 

 apricots. 



