438 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE OF AMERICA. 



CARNATION CALIFORNIA GIANT. 



The photograph shown here of the carnation CaHfornia 

 Giant is just one-half the size of the tfower from which 

 it was reproduced. The bloom measured more than six 

 inches in diameter, and came from one of twelve plants 

 grown by Mr. P. W. Popp, superintendent of the T. H. 

 Darlington estate at Mamaroneck, N. Y. These twelve 

 plants are supposed to be the first and only plants of 

 this carnation in the East at the present time. It is 

 being introduced by a California grower, and is a cross 

 between Prosperity and Enchantress; the color of the 



CARXATIOX. "CALII-ORXIA ClAXT." 



plant is snow white, lemon tinted in the center, and occa- 

 sionally bearing red marks similar to Prosperity. The 

 stems are long and upright : it is said that this variety of 

 carnation possesses some of the habits of Peonies. The 

 plants from which the flower here shown was cut was re- 

 ceived last July in 2>4-inch pots, and the plants were 

 pinched back once and planted in August. Mr. Popp 

 believes that with a liberal treatment and field culture 

 until September the productive qualities of this variety 

 would be equal to many of the existing varieties of car- 

 nations of the present day. 



HORTICULTURE AT THE PANAMA-PACIFIC 

 INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION. 



BY G. A. DENNISON, REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEP.\RTMENT OF 

 HORTICULTURE. 



The presentation of the Horticultural Industry at the 

 Panama-Pacific International Exposition in 1915 will 

 difTer in manv respects from that of previous expositions 

 held in the United States, because of the increased im- 

 portance given the Departinent of Horticulture in the 



official classification of the exhibits department. Hereto- 

 fore the work of the department was completed with 

 the presentation of the production of the raw material, 

 but in the present exposition, the scope of the work ex- 

 tends to the finished commercial article ready for the 

 market. All of the exhibits will have an exceptional 

 educational value by reason of the wide range of product 

 it will be possible to assemble. Special endeavor will be 

 made to secure the finest achievements the world has 

 produced in exhibits of newly created fruits, trees, flow- 

 ers, etc. The favorable climatic conditions which prevail 

 in San Francisco (an average temperature of 59 degrees 

 in summer and 51 degrees in winter) will make possible 

 the planting of all classes of plants at almost any season 

 of the year, and will give the Department of Horticul- 

 ture an opportunity to bring about results from a horti- 

 cultural standpoint which it has been utterly impossible 

 to do heretofore. 



The Palace of Horticulture. 300 feet wide by 700 feet 

 long, surmounted by a magnificent glass dome 180 feet 

 high, will be one of the most beautiful and imposing of 

 all the exhibit palaces. Situated immediately to the left 

 of the main entrance to the Exposition Grounds, it will 

 at once command the attention of all visitors. It will 

 contain an approximate floor area of five acres, which 

 has been carefully planned to comprehensively exploit 

 the horticultural product in all its phases, from every 

 quarter of the globe. 



Especially located and constructed accommodations 

 have been provided for the tropical and semi-tropical 

 countries in order that they may bring their rarest plants 

 and fruits and exhibit them to the very best advantage. 

 Adjoining, and for convenient comparison, will be 

 quarters for the exhibits of indoor shrubs and plants 

 from the temperate countries, and the exhibits of fresh 

 fruits, which will be an important feature, maintained 

 throughout the exposition period. This will, in a way, 

 be a continuous illustrated lesson, afifording the visitor 

 the opportunity of ascertaining the direct effect of soil, 

 climate, altitude, etc.. upon the size and flavor of the 

 different varieties of fruit. 



The horticultural gardens for nursery stock will occupy 

 a large area, from twenty-five to fifty acres being avail- 

 able, as necessary, for competitive exhibits. The con- 

 tracts for the exhibit palaces call for their completion 

 in Julv, 1914, nearlv eight months before the opening 

 day— February 20, 1915. This will make possible for 

 those w^ho participate in the out-of-doors exhibit _ the 

 privilege of planting their stock in permanent position 

 and having it in place a sufficient length of time for it to 

 become acclimatized, obtain a perfect root settirig, and 

 allow the plants to develop under conditions which will 

 be as nearly normal as is possible to secure when 

 separated from the parent nursery. In such favored 

 surroundings, with all the forces of nature favoring their 

 efforts, the'creators of varieties of new fruits and berries 

 may demonstrate the possibility of their product in an 

 unparalleled manner, and the standard and accepted com- 

 mercial varieties will have the finest possible presenta- 

 tion. It will also permit the favorable demonstration of 

 methods of propagating, training and pruning of trees, 

 cross fertilization, "and the advantages to be gained from 

 the use of pedaceous and parasitic insects. Californian 

 authorities have made an especial study of insectology 

 and its important bearing upon the culture of fruit and 

 the eradication of fruit pests. A complete exhibit of 

 this remarkable science will be of inestimable value to 

 the student as well as to the practical horticulturist. 



As a means of commemorating the Exposition through 

 the Department of Horticulture, the Board of Directors 



