HARDWOOD RECORD 



23 



interior and exterior finish for houses, including tJooring and stair- 

 ■work. Twenty-five ■woods are used, the leader being loblolly pine 

 from the South, followed by cypress and shortleaf pine, also from 

 the South. These three woods constitute nearly half of all de- 

 manded by this industry. White pine is fourth in quantity, fol- 

 lowed by spruce. Fourteen of the species reported are hardwoods, 

 of which yellow poplar is in most demand, followed in the order 

 named by chestnut, white oak, red oak, ash, hard maple, red gum, 

 sweet birch, cherry, tupelo, mahogany, black walnut, and beech. 

 The walnut employed in this industry cost $120 a thousand, the 

 mahogany $166. Less than five per cent of the wood was grown 

 in the state. 



Sash, doors and blinds constitute an important industry, and 

 thirty-one woods are reported, white pine leading, followed by 

 •cypress, loblolly pine, and spruce. Eighteen of the thirty-one 

 species are hardwoods, of which chestnut leads, followed by ash 

 and yellow poplar. Thirteen thousand feet of hickory were used, 

 chiefly as dowels. An equal quantity of black cherry was used. 



Twenty of the twenty-five woods reported by manufacturers of 

 musical instruments are hardwoods^ constituting more than nine- 

 tenths of all. Chestnut leads all others, and is followed by yellow 

 poplar, basswood, and hard maple. The amounts of mahogany and 

 ■cherry are comparatively large. Some very high-priced woods are 

 listed by musical instrument makers in Connecticut, among them 

 being black walnut $198, mahogany $243, ebony $266, rosewood 

 :$312, and Circassian walnut $450. The average cost of all the 

 woods reported in this industry is $49.13. 



Connecticut has long been famous for its clocks, and it is inter- 

 esting to note the woods used and the amounts required. The fol- 

 lowing table gives these facts, and the average cost of each of 

 the woods, per thousand feet: 



Wood — Feet used 1912 Average cost 



Eed oak 1,481,000 $ 30.22 



Basswood 1,400,000 32.64 



Yellow poplar 1,050,000 35.32 



Chestnut 2.S5,000 19.02 



"White oak 262,300 47.35 



MaUoaariv 104,000 146,83 



Soft mapio ■ 80,000 28.00 



Swoet birch 33,000 49,70 



Eed gum 27,000 32.91 



"White pine 20,000 37,50 



Paper birch 10,000 30.00 



Black walnut 9,000 83.33 



Hosewood 290 340.69 



lowing woods and prices for 1912: 



Feet used 



Black walnut 389,700 



Red gum 21o,n0ii 



Circassian walnut 2.000 



Boxwood 1,731 



Cost per 1000 feet 



$ 78.14 



44.50 



250.00 



115.54 



Total 4,761,590 ? 35.81 



A tradition of long standing fails to prove true in Connecticut. 

 Many people suppose that applewood is an important material in 

 clock manufacture, but not a foot is listed in Connecticut. It is 

 probable that applewood was formerly used when the wheels of 

 clocks were made of wood, but few are so made now. 



The woods listed in a handle factory in Connecticut are quite 

 •different from those in a factory in Kentucky or Indiana. Hickory 

 leads in Connecticut, but is not much ahead of several others. 

 Twenty-two woods are used, some being costly. These are made 

 into handles for knives and fine tools. Among these are cocobolo, 

 a Central American wood costing $167 per thousand, mahogany 

 $180, ebony $232, and rosewood $285. Other woods not usually 

 listed in handle factories are applewood $30, butternut $25, white 

 pine $17.45, dogwood $24, cherry $20.17, and paper birch $19.91. 



Much similarity is found in the table giving woods employed in 

 the manufacturere of carpenters' tools. Boxwood at $48 leads in 

 quantity. This is the West Indian boxwood, and not the article 

 from Turkey which is much more expensive. Next to the highest 

 in quantity is cherry, third is beech and rosewood is fourth. The 

 foreign woods are cocobolo, lignum-vitae, and mahogany. The aver- 

 age cost of all is $68.47 per thousand feet, which is higher than 

 the average cost of wood in any other industry in Connecticut. 



It is generally supposed that dogwood is one of the most 

 important woods in shuttle making, but dogwood is not mentioned 

 in this industry in Connecticut, though eight woods are listed, and 

 more than a million feet a year are used. Persimmon, another 

 good shuttle wood, is used to the amount of only 120,000 feet. 



The manufacturers of firearms in Connecticut reported the fol- 



S 67.11 



Total 603,431 



Makers of patterns used 512,905 feet in 1912, at an average cost 

 of $65.73 per thousand feet. The following woods are listed in 

 the order of quantity, beginning with the highest: White pine, 

 spruce, yellow poplar, mahogany, chestnut, Idaho white pine, cherry, 

 and butternut. 



The making of furniture in Connecticut is a smaller industry 

 than the making of patterns. Less than half a million feet were 

 used in 1912, and, strange as it may seem, lignum-vitoe was em- 

 ployed in a larger amount than any other of the seventeen woods, 

 and in nearly as large an amount as all other woods together. The 

 lignum-vitte is imported from Costa Eico, costing $92 per thousand, 

 and is manufactured into casters. It is evident that caster makers 

 in Connecticut supply that article to furniture manufacturers in 

 other states. 



It is worthy of note that the leading cigar box material in 

 Connecticut is rock or cork elm. This is not usually listed with 

 woods used for cigar boxes. The amount was 93,500 feet, costing 

 $52.41. The other woods employed in Connecticut by cigar box 

 makers are yellow poplar $46.85, Spanish cedar $115.59 (a very 

 high price for this wood), tupelo $54, red gum $45.88, and bass- 

 wood $55,50. 



Lumber Transfers Buggies 



There are all sorts, kinds and conditions of wagons, lorries and 

 buggies used to transfer lumber in and about a yard, but the 'equip- 

 ment employed bythe Lamb-Fish Lumber Company in its big plant at 

 Charleston, Miss,, looks about as economical and logical as any rig 

 in existence. 



The yard of this company covers an area of about forty acres 

 and is planked throughout, while the lumber is loaded from the cars 

 on an elevated platform. This company tried out several kinds of 

 wooden-wheeled vehicles, but found that the wheels would not stand 

 up in the Mississippi climate, and finally evolved the rig pictured 

 in the accompanying engraving. 



LUMBER TRANSFER BUGGY. 



The wagon frame is mounted on cast iron wheels with five inch 

 treads. The framework is bolted down to the square axles of the 

 rear supporting sets of wheels, and is about seven feet long. The 

 front wheels have a narrower tread than the rear ones, and are 

 attached to the framework by a king bolt inserted through a broad 

 circular pair of friction disks, one of which is fastened to the frame 

 of the truck and the other to the wrought iron work of the front 

 wheels. 



A toggle binder chain is thrown around loads of narrow lumber 

 for additional security, but ordinarily a load of from twelve to 

 fifteen hundred feet is transferred without binders. The load is 

 pulled by a mule. 



This truck costs from seventeen to nineteen dollars and will stand 

 up in any sort of weather conditions. It can be turned around in 

 about as smaU a space as can a wheelbarrow. It is extremely handy 

 and is giving the Lamb-Fish Lumber Company entire satisfaction as 

 a vehicle for the transjiortation of lumber from the yard to cars. 



