July 15, 1905 



H ORTI CULTURE 



63 



■:wAY Decoration by Bruce Butterton 

 Newport Exhibition 



Carnation Diseases 



I. RUST. (UROMYCES CARYOPH YLLIN Us) 



There are few houses where rust does not occur. 

 The appearance of this disease is indicated by a 

 slight swelHng of the stem or leaf and a paler color. 

 Later this splits open, the epidermis being turned 

 to one side, and vast numbers of brownish, spherical 

 spores are ejected, the whole presenting a blistered 

 appearance. These are the uredospores and they 

 will germinate in the presence of water. In the 

 interior of the affected portion, minute threads wind 

 in and out among the cells, sending out haustoria 

 which suck the sap. A short time after these spores 

 are formed, the same spot, or sorus, puts out a 

 second kind of spores, the teleuto-spores, one-celled 

 brown bodies, which germinate after a period of rest, 

 usually winter, thus perpetuating the disease from 

 year to year. Cuttings are particularly subject to 

 rust attacks. 



Treatment. Keep moisture off the leaves. Cover 

 rust spots with lim.e. Give plenty of liglit and ria 

 and grow healthy plants. 



2. LEAF SPOT, OR BLIGHT. (SEPTORIA DIANTHi) 



The "spots" appear as circular or oblong places, 

 with a brown or white center, surrounded with a 

 purplish dark border. The band is well defined on 

 its inner border but becomes mixed with the green 

 on its outer side. Both leaves and stems are affected 

 — the stems often to such an extent that the sap 

 is cut off. Black specks, the fruiting bodies, show 



in the center portions. The spores are produced in 

 depressions whose edges rise a little above the leaf. 



Trcatnicut. Spray with Bordeaux or Potassium 

 Sulphide solution, or ammoniacal solution. Give 

 good cultural conditions. 



3. LEAF MOLD, FAIRY RING, OR RING MOLD. (hETER- 

 SPORIUME CHINULATUM) 



Leaf mold starts at one place, spreading evenly in 

 all directions, producing circular spots one-sixteen to 

 one-quarter inch in diameter. These spots are 

 especially abundant near the tips of young leaves. 

 Gray or brownish mold arranged in concentric tufts 

 occupies the center. This often falls out. From a 

 pale, ashy color the spot changes to a grayish shade 

 approaching dark brown. 



The spores are borne on fruiting threads which 

 break the surface of the leaf in clusters of two to six. 

 The threads produce several spores in succession but 

 each in a different place, so that they present a 

 knotty, angular appearance. The spores are vari- 

 able in size and form, and bristle all over with 

 minute spines. Daybreak is very susceptible to this 

 mold. 



Treatment. Cut back diseased portions. Spray 

 with Bordeaux, when flowers appear. Give good 

 culture. 



a^. 



<To be continued.: 



GkoUT or Dra^ 



;.l NAS ExHIfilTED BY lj.\ 



Newport Exhibition 



