«3-2 



riORTICULTURt. 



June 3, 1911 



THE BLISTER RUST OF WHITE 

 PINE. 



The dangerous European disease of 

 white pine (Cronartiura rlbicola). 

 which was recently introduced int^ 

 America, was by the prompt and ac- 

 tive co-operation of all parties con- 

 cerned, eradicated, as far as found; 

 but there is no evidence that all the 

 cases have been found, nor is there 

 any means of preventing the importa- 

 tion of more diseased whito pine nur- 

 sery stock. 



The reforestation movement has 

 created a market tor a considerable 

 amount of white pine stock, and the 

 producing capacity of the American 

 nurseries has not kept pace with the 

 demand. The prices for American 

 trees are higher than European prices 

 for the same grade of stock, so that 

 while pine stock has been imported 

 for years for ornamental grounds, it 

 has been only during the last Ave 

 years that the importations have been 

 for reforestation. While the mone- 

 tary first cost of imported stock is 

 less than that of American stock, the 

 various items of expense which neces- 

 sarily are incurred bring the two 

 nearer together than would at first 

 be thought, and the risks of injury 

 from the long trips, and the danger of 

 importing destructive insects and fun- 

 gous pests are so great that any but 

 the most venturesome should be de- 

 terred from importing such stock. 



There are many American nursery- 

 men who regularly import their one- 

 year-old coniferous seedlings, and it 

 is safe to say that in the spring of 

 1909 ten million coniferous seedlings 

 were Imported into this country from 

 European nurseries, and that of these, 

 several millions were white pine. A 

 tew foresters familiar with European 

 conditions and appreciating the dan- 

 ger of importing the fungus, refuse 

 to accept foreign white pine seed- 

 lings and transplants. 



The United States Department of 

 Agriculture investigated the outbreak 

 in i;t(i9 of this disease, and has just 

 issued a report on the subject (Bu- 

 reau of Plant Industry Bulletin 206), 

 in which a full and detailed account 

 of the fungus producing the disease is 

 given, the public is assured that there 

 need be no undue apprehension as the 

 disease has been eradicated once, ani 

 can be again should it be imported, 

 but advising that America shoul 1 

 raise her own white pine seedlings, 

 and that importations from affected 

 coiintries be prohibited. 



With the importation stopped, th • 

 methods of prevention are briefly: 

 Watch the Ribes (currants and goose- 

 berries) during the first and second 

 seasons; keep flve-leaved pines at 

 least .son feet from Rihes: remove and 

 burn all diseased pine trees, makin? 

 inspections of the trees from the last 

 of April to June 10 and of the Ribes 

 from July 1 until late in the fall, re- 

 moving diseased bushes and burning 

 them; do this annually as long as any 

 diseased trees or bushes are found. 



The preference of this parasite 

 i(Cronartium ribicola) for the five- 



leaved pines is of special significance THE FLOWER SHOW AT BOSKOOP 



to America, since the species are nat- (HOLLAND). 



urally present through the western. After a speech by the Ministrr or 



northern and northeastern forests and Agriculture, the show was opened by 



are planted more or less commonly Pnnce Henry. The judges from abroad 



throughout the country. The chanc?s present were Roehrs (U. S. A.), Pyn- 



of great losses if this fungus shoul 1 aert, Closon, Kuyk, Stegman, Vuyl- 



even approximate its past record in i,teke (Belgium). Hansen (Denmark), 



Europe are very good. Estimates of Ernst, Muller, Brodersen, Dahnhardt, 



possible damage show that such losses Hammelbather, Buchner, Stofregen, 



would very soon exceed the total value siebert. Frendeman. Lambert, Tintel- 



of all coniferous stock ever imported ^an (Germany), Russell, Culberth, 



into the country. Cutbush, Thomson, Brydon, Cheal 



The United States Department of , England), Gnimmes, Sagulin (Fin- 

 Agriculture should be informed laud), Ramelet, Roger, Bois, Boullet 

 promptly and accurately of every im- (France). Scaravatti (Italy), and 

 portation of white pine and Rihes. Kirchlechner (Hungary). 



■ ' They attended the dinner given by 



THE BULB TRADE. (he Town Council and the Pomological 



Washington — According to Consul Society, the boat excursion to the har- 



Frank W. Mahin of Amsterdam, the bois of Rotterdam and the lunch given 



United States sells to Holland about by the Holland-America line on board 



400,000 pounds of bulbs a year and "The Ryndam." 



buys from that country about 6,650,000 The show was visited by Queen Wil- 

 poimds a year. This is very near the helmiua. the Queen Mother, the Duch- 

 proportion of the Dutch trade to the ess of Albany, the Count of Arnstatten, 

 rest of the world. The record of the the four ministers of agriculture, pub- 

 past two years, as furnished by the lie works, home affairs and colonies, 

 General Society for Bulb Culture at the English legation, the Mexican mis- 

 Haarlem is given as follows, (a kilo sion, the Japanese ambassador, etc. 

 being equal to 2.2040 pounds) : altogether CO.OOO persons visited the 



Imports from Exports to 



Countries 1009 1910 1909 1910 

 Kilos. Kilos. Kilos. Kilos. 



United States 1.80,200 ]i52.700 .3.483,200 3,071,000 



United Kinsdom ' 504,800 649,500 6.478,800 6.4415,400 



Gerinauy and Austria 52,000 68,900 4,7:i3,500 4,432,200 



Frame, Belgium, Italy, Spain, Portugal. 



(Jreece aid Turkey 482,400 543,300 945,100 937,900 



Scandinavia and Denmai-li I.SIIO 1,200 1,709,400 1,725,000 



Russia 1.0110 1.900 519,100 578,500 



Japan -9.100 100,900 



Other countries 100 33,400 46,900 



Total 1.231.400 1,518,400 17,922,500 17,2:i7,900 



It is explained that the shipments by show in 14 days. It was a great suc- 



parcels post would largely increase the cess in every respect. Of all plants 



totals here given. The trade has sent in. rhododendrons and azaleas oc- 



doubled in exports and trebled in im- ciipied the first place, further lilacs, 



ports during the past ten years. Tu- roses, hydrangea, Japanese maples, 



lips, hyacinths and some varieties of peonies, lilies, buxus, palms, aucuba, 



narcissus constitute the bulk of the etc., etc. There was not room for all 



trade. the plants which were sent. Among 



Japan is becoming a more important the rhododendron novelties. Pink 



origin of supply every year. Ship- Pearl, White Pearl and Strategist ex- 



ments from that country began with celled, as fine maculated Sappho, Mme. 



3311 kilos in 1902. They increased but j,,ips Porgues and Mme van Houtte. 



little until 1910 when they suddenly Among the several azalea groups there 



jumped to 100,900 kilos. The maxi- were very remarkable varieties and new 



mum shipments from the United States c-osses. The Japanese cherries, espe- 



were 205.100 kilos in 1907.^ Great , ^^^^^, ^^^ double-flowered Shirofugen, 



Britain has made great gams m hulb „isakawa and Benifugen, were very 



exports, which have increased 800 per beautiful. The clematis plants were 



?f°V 1^ 10 years. The figures for the ,^hi,Hted i„ cones with fence-work. 



United States would be givater it is j^^^tzias, magnolias and glycines, the 



explained but for the fact that Ger- ,„a„tif„, a^,,. ..^^j ^^i^f^ fioribunda 



many and Austria formerly bought a,,,„,,„ j^^a. the lilacs, prunuses, 



American bulbs in Holland but now ^^^^ ^ double-flowerk Amygda- 



miport them direct from the United ;^,^ ^^^^.^^ ^,^^.^ j^^^.^^^ ^^^ all drew 



EaTlv frosts threatened the Dutch sP';cial attention Among the dwarf 



bulb crop but good weather since then Pol.v=>ntha roses, Jessie gave a very 



has made the prospect good for a nor- ]''Y°'%'^^ impression, while many Hy- 



mal but retarded crop. bnd Teas exhibited their flower in 



F J DYER sreat perfection. 



[ ' ' Among the novelties there was much 



NEWS NOTES which could not remain unnoticed: The 



Marshalltown, low/a— It "is rumored Azalea mollis x sinensis varieties, T. 



that Stark Bros.' nursery in Louisiana, I^oster and Beauty ot Boskoop. Aza- 



Mo., will be moved here. They em- '''^ "!''"■« Betsy van Nes, Azalea occi- 



plov about 400 dentalis hybrids, the rhododendrons 



Hurt-notoP, Ind.— Suit for the disso- Direktor Siebert, Mme. B. de Bruin, 

 lution of the greenhouse firm of Oliver Aucklandii hybrids and Everestianum 

 H Diffendurter and Anthony Bieber- A- P'- Prince Camille de Rohan, the 

 ich was filed on May 24th. The part- clematis varieties Prins Hendrik and 

 nership was formed in 1909. Mr. Patyn, roses Bina Teschendorf, 

 Louise Walter and lady Hillingdon, 



A mosquito repellant is soon to be the lilac Mile. \an To), 



added to the insecticide specialties of This first Boskoop Fhow was of more 



the Aphine Manufacturing Co., of than ordinary importance in its kind. 



Madison, N. J. '' '^^.a clo-ed on the 20th of April. 



