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GARDENERS' CHRONICLE 



Foreign Exchange Department 



THE COMMON SPINDLE TREE (Euonymus europaus).— 

 If of little or no attraction wlien in bloom, this low-growing tree 

 in point of color and graceful beauty can hold its own in Autumn 

 with the best introductions from other climes. For this reason it 

 should be planted — freely— in large gardens and on the outskirts 

 of ornamental woodlands. Its beauty was never more apparent 

 than at the present time, for whether on the fringe of the home 

 woods, in the garden, or by the waterside, groups of this graceful 

 tree are alive with color, every tree, whether large or small, being 

 a study of rose pink, the dainty twigs carrying a load of loosely- 

 arranged capsules, which— as they age — will burst and disclose 

 their bright orange-colored seeds, and thus enhance the beauty of 

 the plantations. The branches provide excellent material for in- 

 door decoration, and these are rendered even more attractive by 

 the few remaining leaves, which are suffused with purple. — Garden- 

 ing Ulustrated. 



RHUS OSBECKI.— A batch of this striking Sumac attracted 

 my attention recently by reason of its large and gorgeous orange 

 red and yellow leaves and curious red-winged leaf stalks. I have 

 on previous occasions admired this as a small tree when in its 

 Autumn dress, and also when covered with its handsome panicles 

 of yellowish flowers, which appear during July and August, each 

 panicle being from 7 inches to 10 inches long. Its great attraction 

 however, lies in its richly-colored leaves, which each measure IS 

 inches in length and 10 inches wide from tip to tip of the leaflets. 

 In their .present state these are decidedly handsome. The plants in 

 question were in lines and about 5 feet in height, and there being 

 several together — in this way — the effect was considerably enhanced 

 when compared with an isolated specimen. This distinct Sumac 

 is a native of China and Japan, and should be grown by all who 

 value rich Autumn color. If cut to the ground each year the leaves 

 resulting from the vigorous, young growths are of considerable 

 size, and produce fine effects. — Gardening Illustrated. 



CR.\T.5:GI'S PYR.\CANTHA.— During the summer the Fire 

 Thorn may pass unnoticed, but when late Autumn arrives its clus- 

 ters of deep red-orange fruits at once arrest attention. Nor is 

 their display a fleeting one, for the berries last in good condition 

 until well into December in a favorable season. C. Pyracantha is 

 perhaps seen at its best when used for furnishing a wall, which 

 its small, dense foliage soon covers. The Fire Thorn can be 

 specially recommended to those who live in towns or in smoky 

 districts, for it does not appear (unlike many other berried plants) 

 to object to town conditions. It is a pity that in towns — generally 

 speaking — berried plants find so few admirers, for they brighten up 

 what would be otherwise rather dingy surroundings after the flow- 

 ers that give color have succumbed. — Gardening Illustrated. 



HAWTHORNS.— Many people pin their faith to the double- 

 flowered forms of the common Hawthorn, and they are certainly 

 very beautiful, but they have one great defect, they produce no 

 fruit. Possibly the best of the doubles is Paul's Double Scarlet, a 

 variety with rich, bright red flowers, but alba plena and Candida 

 plena with white, and rosea plena with rose-colored flowers are 

 also good. 



The Washington Thorn, C. cordata, is easily distinguished from 

 all others by its rather small leaves and late flowering perio<l, the 

 white flower's lieing at their best in July. The fruit is small, scarlet, 

 ripens late, and often remains on the tree throughout Winter. It 

 grows 30 feet high. 



C. Azarolus. a native of the Orient, is a very remarkable Thorn, 

 not so much by its white flowers as by its fruits. The fruits are 

 about 1 inch in diameter, apple-like, yellow, orange, red or white; 

 fleshy, sweet and edible. Another Thorn with large edible fruits 

 is C. tanaceti folia. This has very hairy leaves and shoots, short 

 stiff branches, white flowers and yellow fruits 1 inch in diameter 

 which bear green, leaf-like bracts on the surface. It is a native of 

 Asia Minor and Syria. In leaf C. oricntalis is rather like C. 

 tanacetifolia, but the leaves and fruits are smaller, the fruits also 

 vary in color from yellow to orange and red. 



C. sanguinea, from Russia and Siberia, bears rather small, glossy, 

 bright red fruits, and is a good kind to select. C. prunifolia is 

 often regarded as a hybrid between C. Crus-galli and C. macrantha. 

 It forms a bushy-headed tree 20 feet high, and bears white flowers 

 and deep red fruits freely, but is perhaps most remarkable l)y rea- 

 son of the rich autumnal tints of the foliage, which embrace many 

 shades of red, yellow, orange and bronze. — The Garden. 



THE ORIENTAL BITTERSWEET.— Of all the Autumn 

 fruits few can compare with tho.se of Celastrus articulatus, a hardy 

 climber which deserves to be better known. The fruit in the young 

 stage is green and inconspicuous, but is borne freely. When ripe. 



the three valves of the fruit open and become reflexed, displaying 

 the brilliant scarlet seeds within. As tlie inner surface of each 

 valve is golden yellow, the branches are most attractive with their 

 load of gold and scarlet irmt.— Gardening Illustrated. 



SINGLE ROSES.— Their delicate fragility, their charmingly 

 subtle tints and the ease with which they can be grown are all 

 reasons why they ought to be found in every garden where the 

 Queen of Flowers holds court. The introduction of varieties like 

 Irish Elegance, Irish Fireflame and Irish Afterglow did much to 

 popularize them, and the worth of singles has been further en- 

 hanced since the sending out of Princess Mary, Mrs. C. E. Salmon 

 and Isobel. These only need to be seen in bloom, surrounded^ in 

 most instances with highly colored foliage, to call forth admiration 

 and a desire to have them. Wherever roses are grown today for 

 table decoration one can scarcely conceive an entire absence of 

 singles, w-hich are graceful and charming to a degree.— -T/jc Garden. 



ROSE CAROLINE TESTOUT.— It speaks very much for a 

 variety that, after so long a career, it even now "gets a look in" at 

 exhibitions up and down the country. As an all-round salmon-pink 

 Rose, both for country and suburban gardens, I do not think it 

 has its equal. It has a wonderful constitution, flowers almost con- 

 tinuously from June to late October, and is good in every way. 

 The gardener who loves roses, and, owing to difficulties of situa- 

 tion, etc., often fails with others, finds in this old sort one that 

 does remarkably well and will give him many nice blossoms in 

 tlie course of the year. It has a most healthy constitution and is 

 almost entirely exempt from mildew. — Gardening Illustrated. 



ROSE ZEPHYRINE DROUHIN.— This Rose has surpassed 

 itself with me this year, both by its extraordinary vigor and the 

 numbers of its silvery-pink flowers. Bushes here which were 

 struck from cuttings a few years ago have developed as many as a 

 dozen willow-like .growths from the base during the present year, 

 reaching a height of 8 feet and of a coppery tint. While this is so 

 the older wood is a mass of deliciously fragrant flowers. — Garden- 

 ing Illustrated. 



POLYGONUM VACCINIFOLIUM.— This is a beautiful 

 trailer for a shady and rather moist position, and for draping a 

 large rock is very useful, soon making a veritable curtain of ele- 

 gant foliage. If trailing over a rock with crevices, the trails will 

 root from the joints, and it can easily be propagated in this way 

 or by laying a stone over one of the rails, when roots will soon 

 form; or it can be rooted easily from cuttings. — Gardening Illus- 

 trated. 



CERASTIUM TOMENTOSUM.— This plant is an excellent 

 one for speedily covering any dry bank, a bank, it may be, formed 

 to hide a rough part of the garden, to screen the rubbish-heap, or 

 perhaps a spot where it is impossible to grow anything except 

 rough plants. The bank, covered with the Cerastium, remains neat 

 for many years. All except coarse weeds are smothered, and these 

 may be drawn out readily enough. — Gardening Illustrated. 



Brief Horticultural Jottings 



Our readers are invited to contribute pithy news items of 

 horticultural interest to this column, ivhich, ixfith their cooperation, 

 can be developed into a most interesting department. — Editor. 



The Arnold Arboretum of Jamaica Plain, Mass., over wdiich 

 Professor C. S. Sargent is the presiding genius, has just completed 

 fifty years of service. The original endowment fund left by James 

 Arnold consisted of $104,000 and one hundred twenty-five acres 

 were used originally for the enterprise. There are now more than 

 two hundred fifty acres in the Arboretum, si.x thousand species 

 and varieties of shrubs, great numbers of which have been intro- 

 duced by it to the public. The endowment fund now approaches 

 $1,000,000 and there is a fund for immediate development work of 

 $125,000. The Arboretum plans in the future to send collectors to 

 still unexplored parts of China and other countries to study dis- 

 eases and insect pests cif trees, to do nuicli hybridizing and quite 

 a variety of other work. 



Henry J. Klwes of Colesbourne, Gloucester, England, whose 

 death was recently announced at the age of seventy-six, has been 

 one of the greatest travellers in search of plants, horticulture has 

 ever recorded. While he had not done as much collecting in China 

 as Forest. Wilson, or Kingdom Ward, he had traversed more 

 countries than these noted collectors comliined. His journeys in- 

 cluded Turkey, Asia Minor, Tibet, India (four times), Chile, 

 Russia and Siberia (three times), Formosa, China, Japan (twice), 

 Nepal, and Sikkim. He was a noted .-uithority on birds as well as 

 trees, shrubs, succulents and bulbous plants of all kinds. 

 (Continued on page 18) 



