February 19, 191t5 



HORTIOULTUEB 



261 



this disease lowers the vitality of the 

 plant, and with lowered vitality fungi, 

 especially branch rot, attack the plant, 

 causing a very noticeable loss. Branch 

 rot, which is primarily a wound fungus, 

 cannot attack a healthy plant, but is 

 able to kill a weak plant in a short 

 time. 



During certain seasons of the year 

 this disease appears to be more notice- 

 able than at others. In the cutting 

 bench, cuttings showing "Yellows" as 

 a rule do not strike root easily, while 

 apparently healthy cuttings taken 

 from plants showing this disease root 

 poorly. The disease is very marked 

 when the rooted cuttings are potted 

 up and for several weeks the young 

 plants show considerable "Yellows," 

 which apparently disappears by the 

 lime they are planted in the field. 

 During .July and August the plants in 

 the Held again show this trouble worse. 

 During the winter months "Yellows" 

 increases on the plants until spring, 

 when the disease is at its height. 



At the time of making cuttings the 

 disease is evident and so can be 

 avoided to some extent in the selection 

 of cuttings. Cuttings have been se- 

 lected now through three seasons, and 

 the results show that by selecting cut- 

 tings from healthy plants only, we can 

 control the trouble to some extent. 

 One objection to this method is that 

 we are unable to tell whether a plant 

 is entirely free from "Yellows." A 

 variety once affected with "Yellows" 

 has not been known to entirely re- 

 cover, and there is always some of the 

 stock so infected. The weeding out 

 process is a slow one, but the returns 

 should more than pay for the trouble. 



It has been observed that seedlings 

 rarely show "Yellows." However, after 

 cuttings have been propagated from 

 seedling plants for two years they in- 

 variably show this condition. This 

 brings out the interesting fact that the 

 disease may first originate in the cut- 

 ting bench where cuttings are without 

 any vitality until the roots form, that 

 a brea'-ing down of some sort occurs 

 in the tissue which later develops into 

 "Yellows." Another factor which 

 lowers the vitality of the cutting and 

 so may induce "Yellows" is over- 

 propagation. 



To determine whether "Yellows" is 

 in the "blood" of the plants a number 

 of grafting experiments were carried 

 out. Cuttings, layers, and shoots were 

 taken from seedlings which had not, 

 up to the time of the, experiment, 

 shown any "Yellows." The shoots 

 were grafted on stock badly diseased. 

 The grafted stock today is badly yel- 

 lowed while the cuttings and layers 

 from the same plant show little or no 

 "Yellows." There seems to be no ques- 

 tion whatever, that the disease can be 

 communicated to healthy plants by 

 grafting. A point which we hope to 

 determine this year is whether this 

 disease can be carried through the 

 seed. As can be seen, the solution of 

 carnation "Yellows" is a long task and 

 is just as slow as producing good com- 

 mercial varieties. 

 To summarize: — 



Carnation "Yellows" is due to causes 

 still uni-nown. It is increasing in 

 seriousness rapidly and is found today 

 on all the standard varieties on the 

 market. Some varieties appear to be 

 more susceptible to this disease than 

 others. Cuttings from plants showing 

 this disease, and over-propagation tend 

 to increase the trouble. Selection of 



USED BY FLORISTS OVER 30 YEARS 



PAN-PACIFIC PRESS ASSOCIATION, LTD. 



San Francisco, Calif. 



October 16, 1915. 

 Mr. Benjamin Hammond, Beacon, N. Y. 



Dear Sir: The Horticulture Jury, of which the writer was a member, awarded you 

 a Gold Medal for your Insecticides, and when you take into consideration the fact that 

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The writer has been requested to furnish a list of the articles which the Jury en- 

 doraed by their action in awarding prizes because of merit. This request comes from 

 representatives of foreign countries and states. 



Respectfully yours. 



Signed: J. A. BUCHANAN, Gen. Mgr. 



Pan-Paclflc Press Association. 



PANAMA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION 



San Francisco, Calif. 



Division of Exhibits Office of the Chief 



DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE 



November 3, 191B. 

 Mr. Benjamin Hammond, Beacon, N. Y. 



Dear Sir: Replying to yonr letter of October 28th, I wish to say that the Jury 

 awarded Slug Shot, Grape Dust and Copper Solution a Gold Medal. 



Yours very truly. 



Signed: O. A. DBNNI80N, 



Chief of Bortlcnlture. 



Sold by the Supply Houses of America 



BENJAMIN HAMMOND, BEACON, N. Y. 



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B.C. PRATT r0..n*pt. 14 ,^F^«*SiP 

 50CliurchSl..N.Y. -^ ^ 



