November :?, 1906 



horticulture: 



485 



WHOLESALE FLORISTS— Continued 

 Philadelphia. 



GREENHOUSE CONTRUCTION. 



W. E. McKlsslck, 1221 Filbert St., rhila- 

 delpliln, Pa. 



For page see List of Advertisers. 



Leo Nle.sseu Co., 1217 Arch St., Phlla- 



delplihi, Pa. 



For page see List ot Advertise rs. 



The S. S. Pennock-Meehan Co7, 1608T8 



Ludlow St., Philadelphia, Pa. 



For page see List of ■\dY erti3ors. 

 Edward Reld, 1526 Ranstead St., pTilladfl- 

 phla. Pa. 

 For page see List of Advertisers. 



Pittsburg. 



J^ B. Murdoch & Co., 545 Liberty St., 



Pittsburg, Pa. 



For page see List of Advertisers. 



PlttsburgT'Iorlsts' Exchange, 228 Diamond 



St., Pittsburg, Pa. 



For page see List of Advertisers. 



New Offers in This Issue. 



AZALEAS. 



W. W. Edgar Co., Waverley, Mass. 

 For page see List of Advertisers. 



BEGONIA GLORIE DE LORRAINE. 



E. A. Butler & Son, Niagara Falls, N. Y. 

 For page see List of Advertisers. 



CARNATION DEBUTANTE. 



-T. W. Howard, Somerville, Mass. 

 For page soe List of Advertisers. 



CHRYSANTHEMUM STOCK 



PLANTS. 



W. Wyman, Swampscott, Mass. 

 For page see List of Advertisers. 



DAHLIAS. 



W. P. Lothrop, Brooktou Dahlia Farm, 



E. Brldgcwater, Mass. 



For page soe List of Advertisers. 



FERNS, CRIMSON RAMBLERS. 



Benj. Conncll, West Grove. Pa. 

 For page see List of Advertisers. 



HOLLAND ROSES: MANETTI 



STOCK. 



H. Frank Darrow. 26 Barclay St., New 



York. 



For page see List of Advertisers. 



HORICUM. 



Hammond's P. & S. S. Works, Fishkill-on- 



Hndson, N. Y. 



For page sep List of Advertisers. 



LATE FLOWERING TULIPS: LILI- 



UM MULTIFLORUM: DUTCH 



ROMAN HYACINTHS. 



Arthur T. Boddington, 342 W. 14th St., 



New York. 



For page see List of Advertisers. 



PHOENIX ROEBELINI. 



John Lewis Chikls. Floral Park. N. Y. 

 For page see List of Advertisers. 



PRIVET. 



Valley Farms Nursery Co., Brookfleld 



Centre, Mass. 



For page see List of Advertisers. 



SPECIMEN NURSERY STOCK. 



Cottage Gardens Co.. Queens. N. Y. 

 For page see List ot Advertisers. 



TREE TUBS; STRAW AND BUR- 

 LAP MATS; SHEEP MANURE. 



Wm. Klliott & Sons, 201 Fulton St.. New 



York. 



For page see List of Advertisers. 



VIOLETS. 



.1. S. Smilev, West Roxbury, Mass. 

 For page see List of Advertisers. 



WHOLESALE FLORISTS. 



A. L. Young it Co., 54 W. 2Sth St., 



New York. 



For page see List of Advertisers. 



(A paper read by J. U. Velie before the 

 Gardeners' and Florlsis' Club of Boston, 

 October lO, 1006.) 



Continued from page 430. 



Let us compare the cost of a house 

 100 feet long having angle iron plate, 

 angle iron posts and cast iron foot 

 pieces with the all wood house having 

 wood plate and wood posts. The cost 

 of the angle iron plate for both eaves 

 together with angle iron posts and 

 cast iron foot pieces spaced every six 

 lights of glass, would be about $120. 

 The cost of the wood plate and cy- 

 press posts spaced every three lights 

 of glass, which is the usual spacing 

 for this construction, would be ap- 

 proximately $G0. This makes a differ- 

 ence of $G0 in the cost of one house 

 over the other. 



Assuming that you build a house 

 100 feet long with wood posts and 

 plate, superstructure costing $1500 

 complete, you will see that the addi- 

 tional cost of $60 for iron plate and 

 posts is 4 per cent, of the total cost 

 of superstructure of the all wood 

 house. The heating and benches 

 would be the same in either case. Let 

 us further assume that the all wood 

 house would last 15 years. If you add 

 the same percentage, 4 per cent., to 

 the life of the all wood house, the 

 house with iron plate and posts would 

 have to last you only between seven 

 and eight months longer than the all 

 wood house. However, by investing 

 $60 more you lose the interest on this 

 except as it is earned in the length of 

 life of your building. If this $60 

 otherwise invested should double it- 

 self in 15 years, you would have to 

 figure 8 per cent, increase in the 

 length of life of the Iron and wood 

 house over the all wood in order that 

 your investment on either one may 

 pay you equally well. This 8 per cent, 

 added would mean that the iron and 

 wood house would have to last about 

 one year and three months longer 

 than the all wood. The actual increase 

 of length of life of house, because of 

 the iron posts and plate, would be 

 many times the one year and three 

 months. It the house with Iron plate 

 and posts lasts twenty-two and one- 

 half years, or half as long again as the 

 all wood house, which it is reasonable 

 to suppose, on a basis of the figures 

 just given, your cost per year for su- 

 perstruct'ire of house would be be- 

 tween $69 and $70 for the iron and 

 wood construction against $100 for the 

 all wood, or a saving of nearly a third 

 of your cost per year for superstruc- 

 ture of sreenhouses by using iron 

 plate and posts. 



The design of a greenhouse is fully 

 as important as the construction to be 

 used, in order to cover the ground at 

 the least expense, secure the best cir- 

 culation of air, and heat to the best 

 advantage. One can readily see that 

 no matter what the width of the 

 house, the expense of the side walls 

 is the same, consequently the wider 

 the house, providing one keeps within 

 reasonable limits, the less the cost per 

 square foot covered so far as super- 

 structure goes. The circulation of air 

 is much better in a wide house than 

 in a narrow one, and th'^ wide house 

 is more easily heated in proiKirtion 

 to the surface covered than a narrow 

 one. An example of this can be seen 

 at Waban Conservatories, Natlck, 

 where in a house 21 fe.'t wide with 



ridge about 14 feet high there are 

 twelve 1 1-4 inch pipes, and in a house 

 40 feet wide with ridge about 21 feet 

 high there are twenty 1 1-4 inch pipes, 

 and I understand that a higher and 

 more even temperature can be main- 

 tained in this wide house than in the 

 narrow one. 



The ridge and furrow houses, while 

 in almost universal use through the 

 west, are not so extensively built in 

 New England. These houses present 

 the advantage of being more econom- 

 ical than the detached house, because 

 of the eliminating of several sides in 

 a block of houses, but they have the 

 disadvantage of casting more or less 

 shade from the gutters, and more 

 breakage of glass is caused by ice and 

 snow than in the detached house. 

 There seems to be a growing tendency, 

 however, towards this construction. 



The even span house is the cheapest 

 and in a large majority of cases is 

 the style built. Where houses run 

 east and west, which is conceded by 

 the majority of growers to be the moat 

 desirable way of locating them, sev- 

 eral of the best growers have the roof 

 on the north side of a steeper pitch 

 than that on the south, both eaves be- 

 ing ot the same height. This throws 

 the ridge north of the center, and is 

 done to avoid shade from the ridge on 

 the rear bench or bed. In Boston on 

 the twenty-second day of December 

 the sun shines at an angle of 23 de- 

 grees, while on the twenty-second of 

 June at 71 degrees. This makes a rise 

 nf the sun 8 degrees per month. With 

 an even span house running east and 

 west having the roof 32 degrees pitch, 

 you will see that you will get no 

 shade fro-n the ridge on the rear 

 bench until about the first of Febru- 

 ary, or until the sun gets higher than 

 pitch of roof en the north side. If 

 the north side of the hou.se has a pitch 

 of 45 degrees with the house running 

 east and west, you will get no shade 

 on the rear bench until about -.larch 

 20th. The steeper the pitch of the 

 roof the more surface in it and a pro- 

 portionate increase in cost. It is a 

 question of opinion as to whether the 

 .saving of shadf on the north bench 

 compens.ates for the additional cost. 

 If the house is placed facing a few 

 degrees to the east in order to obtain 

 the morning sun more directly, the 

 shade from the ridge on the north 

 bench is varied. This facing of the 

 house slightly to the east of south 

 seems the ideal arrangement to secure 

 the henofits of the morning sun. 

 There Is but little difference the year 

 through between the amount of sun- 

 shine in the morning and that in the 

 afternoon. Boston weather reports 

 for five years show an average of 

 twenty-four more hours' sunshine 

 each year in the morning than in the 

 afternoon. 



Ordinarily the pitch of roof .giving 

 the best results is 32 degrees, or a 

 rise of 7 1-2 inches to a foot. This, 

 however, is varied occasionally for 

 various rea.sons. In the even span 

 ridge and furrow houses running ea.st 

 and west a pitch of about 27 degrees 

 is often used v.'ith good results. With 

 this arrangement the roof of one 

 house shades the other less than 

 woulil be the case if the pitch were 

 sleeper. 



The spacing of 16x24 inch glass in 

 the roof the 24 inch way is quite 

 often done with very desirable results 



