5U 



HORTICULTURE 



June 7, 1919 



THE GARDENERS' SECTION 



THE JAPANESE WINEBERRY OR 

 RUBUS PH/ENICOLASIUS 



A much more interesting berry than 

 the Loganberry is the Wineberry 

 which is found wild in the mountains 

 of central and northern Japan. It is 

 so beautiful in its growth that a 

 friend seeing our plantation of it said 

 that he would like it as a hedge 

 around his house. This pretty effect 

 comes from the contrast between its 

 green, deeply veined leaves and the 

 stiff, bristly red hairs with which the 

 stems and branches are covered. In 

 the spring this beauty of coloring is 

 increased by the young, yellow, green 

 leaves, making a further contrast with 

 the older, darker green leaves which 

 have a light, whitish reverse. 



The Wineberry is also interesting on 

 account of its strong individuality of 

 growth. It bears its white blossoms in 

 pyramidal clusters. The red berries, 

 while they are ripening are enclosed 

 by the sepals which fall back when the 

 berry is ripe. The berry resembles the 

 ordinary red raspberry but is smaller 

 than the Cuthbert and has a little 

 more lustre. It comes off the vine 

 with a hollow crown. It has a piquant, 

 individual taste. It is delicious as a 

 dessert and is also good to preserve. 



The Wineberry can be multiplied 

 from canes, or from cutting and plant- 

 ing the roots formed by the tips arch- 

 ing back into the soil where they form 

 new growth. We grow it in the same 

 soil as we do other raspberries. For 

 winter protection we turn it in under 

 the soil. Our vines were in good con- 

 dition after the severe weather of 1917 

 and 1918. 



The berries ripen in July. Last au- 

 tumn we received a certificate of Hon- 

 orable Mention from the Massachu- 

 setts Horticultural Society for showing 

 the Japanese Wineberry at its exhibi- 

 tion in August. 



M. R. Case, 



Hillcrest Farm, Weston. 

 May 28th, 1919. 



VARIATION IN THE COLOR OF 

 ROSES. 



A writer in the Garden, the English 

 magazine, has an unusual article on 

 the color of roses, dealing with varia- 

 tions of the same species both out- 

 doors and under glass. He says: 



To return to roses, I think they 

 vary in color under different atmos- 

 pheric conditions outdoors almost, if 

 not quite, as much as they do when 



grown under glass. Some red Roses, 

 notably Bardou Job, which should be 

 deep crimson, will produce quite pale 

 pinkish red blooms early in the sum- 

 mer if the nights are still very cold; 

 and we have noticed that brilliant 

 Rose Augustus Hartman is apt to lose 

 much of its fine coloring in autumn 

 when the nights are long and cold. 

 Consider, too, the variability of that 

 lovely Tea Rose Lady Roberts. Last 

 year we had a fine warm May and 

 fine warm weather till well on into 

 June. The effect on Lady Roberts was 

 remarkable. With us her flowers are 

 often scarcely deeper in color than 

 those of Anna Olivier; but last June 

 they were exquisite in the depth of 

 their warm rosy orange tints. They 

 had had less manure than usual, sim- 

 ply because we had none to give them! 

 I saw a great bunch of Lady Roberts, 

 with just the same intense coloring, 

 cut from an old neglected garden 

 where the bushes had been allowed to 

 grow pretty much as they liked. It 

 would seem as if there was something 

 in the weather last June which just 

 suited this Rose, and I should imagine 

 the plants appreciated the more uni- 

 form temperature to which they had 

 been exposed for some weeks than is 

 usually their lot in May and the first 

 half of June. 



Mine. Ravary, one of the loveliest of 

 apricot yellow Roses in the garden in 

 late June and throughout July, is hard- 

 ly worth looking at in its autumn flow- 

 ering, as it becomes a dirty straw 

 color; whereas Mme. Abel Chatenay 

 will go on deepening its vermilion- 

 tinted center till quite late in the 

 autumn. 



The old Noisette William Allen 

 Richardson is about as variable in col- 

 or as a Rose can be. Sometimes, 

 when happy as to position and weather 

 conditions, it is very beautiful in its 

 bright orange hues; at others the col- 

 or degenerates to a dirty white, when 

 it is not worth growing, as its flowers 

 are always poor in shape and depend 

 for their charm entirely on their color- 

 ing. I have never seen William Allen 

 Richardson grown under glass. 



It would seem that the yellow Roses 

 are those that benefit most by being 

 grown under glass. I am sure they 

 love warmth and, as far as may be, 

 a uniform temperature. Sunburst is 

 useless except in really warm, dry 

 weather or under glass; then it is love- 

 ly with its deep orange center and fine 



sturdy stems. Mrs. Arthur R. Wad- 

 dell and Dorothy Ratcliffe are two 

 varieties that with us are very bril- 

 liant in color when grown in the green- 

 house, Mrs. A. R. Waddell being an in- 

 tense orange, and Dorothy Ratcliffe a 

 lovely shell pink. The Pernetiana 

 Arthur R. Goodwin, too, comes a fine 

 color when grown as a pot Rose. But 

 the great advantage of the new race of 

 Pernetiana Roses is that the yellows 

 among them are less affected in their 

 coloring by cold weather than are the 

 Teas and Hybrid Teas. 



Blooms of Mar6chal Niel and Alice 

 de Rothschild will often increase in 

 depth of coloring if picked and placed 

 in the dark. Why this should be I 

 cannot tell. Neither of these Roses 

 does well when grown outdoors in the 

 neighborhood of London. 



In these notes I have not touched on 

 the question of soils and manures, 

 which no doubt affect considerably the 

 colors of Roses. On a rich alluvial soil 

 near Maidenhead, Lady Hillingdon 

 comes of a much deeper orange than it 

 does on our light gravel; and I have 

 seen the China Mme. Eugene R6sal so 

 brilliantly tinted in a garden where 

 the subsoil was chalk that I hardly 

 recognized it. 



A GOOD VINE. 

 Among the vines I would like to call 

 attention to the value of the Actinidia 

 vine, which though not extensively 

 used has much merit. It makes a 

 strong heavy growth, and is of no 

 little value for covering porches or 

 used in other situations where a good 

 screen is wanted. Perhaps the most 

 interesting method of using this vine 

 has been developed at Bar Harbor, 

 where on one of the estates it has been 

 made into a wonderfully handsome 

 and effective hedge by being trained 

 over a wire fence. This is the variety 

 arguta. A. polygama is another good 

 variety, but growing it is almost im- 

 possible because of its attraction for 

 'felines of all kinds and descriptions. 

 It seems to have much the same effect 

 as catnip, except to a greater degree. 

 In any event the animals almost in- 

 variably scratch it up as fast as a 

 plant is set out. I have heard it said 

 that in China it is sometimes relied 

 upon when cats become too numerous 

 in a community, a smudge being made 

 which calls the animals from every 

 direction and stupefies them so that 

 they can easily be picked up and dis- 

 posed of by the wholesale. 



