338 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE OF AMERICA. 



EDIBLE FLOWERBULBS. 



r.v .Iiiii.N S( iiKKrKi;s. 



Durinii' tlie past wiiitor tlio aiitlinrities i]i Hnlliind liavc beon 

 testing tlie mxiiin* (if tloiir. made fniiii tulips, with rye-meal, in 

 oi'der to use the |iriidii<t so piddueed for the making of bread. 



It is perh.aps apropos to remind interested readers of the fact, 

 that bulbs of various liliacaea nuike a nourishing food for the 

 native races of many localities. All the allium varieties are also 

 generally eaten. 



Liliuni. fritillaria, <al*»cborlus, tulipa, er,\"lhroniuni, ornirho- 

 galum. camassia. all are used for food, especially lilium and 

 lanuissia. lieiug the nuist important of tliem all. 



Tlie bulb-scales of various lilies are being eaten in Silicria, 

 China and .Ta]iaii. 



t'amassia excellenta lindl grows in Western America; these 

 bulbs are eaten by the native races of the Pacific States of 

 North America, from British Columbia to Mexico. 



"Camass." or "Quamash," is even in the dry coast section of 

 Xorthern California, the principal plant-food of the natives. 

 Cakes are nu\de of camassia bulbs; they are roasted in an oven, 

 under the ground, with the use of heated stones, coming out of 

 the oven in a sticky, dark colored mass, and are tlien kneaded 

 into cakes and rolls, which are allowed to dry in the sun and are 

 often kept for years, before being consumed. 



Liliacaea bulbs contain a great percentage of "carbon hydrates." 

 and are therefore considered a splendid fond product. They, how- 

 ever, often contain also jioison. The tulip, for instance, contains 

 in her fresh bulb a poison, that seems to belong amongst the 

 "alkaloids," but which has not yet been verj- thoroughly 

 chemically examined. 



Amaryllidaea seem to contain still stronger poison, though of 

 some varieties the bulbs are eaten. Of course the preparation, 

 cooking, or roasting, may result in the poisonous properties 

 lar;i<'ly disappcarin,i,^ 



It is a ipiestion if all such food is very palatable. 



Mice show a jireference. declining to tnuili tulip bulbs, nor do 

 they care for camassia ludbs. 



'Ihe <nnnivorous garden snail, "agriolinuix agrcstis," may eat 

 sliced tulip bnlbs, when offered, but greedily devours, in com- 



[larisou, other tissues containing some similar properties, for 

 instance, potato roots. 



I believe tliat tulip bulbs have been fed to pigs with ap- 

 ]ireciable results. 



In so far as making liulbs ]ialatable to the people at large 

 is concerned, this will, to a consiilerable degree, depend upon 

 the prc]iaration. 



In connection with this we must not lose sight of the fact 

 that the natives in Western America eat nearly everything that 

 the land affords in roots and berries, etc., however distasteful 

 many of those things may be to the white man. 



It is a historical fact that as early as the fifteenth Century 

 tulip liulbs were used as foooil. 



"Clusius" speaks about tulip bulbs making good food; in l."in2 

 he ordered a i|uantity to be preserved (candied), and considered 

 tills delicatesse far superior to orchid bulbs prepared in the 

 same wa}'. 



]'.I1.-|. 



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THE CLEVELAND FLOWER SHOW. 



Coliseum — November 10 to 14. 1915 

 Executive Office — 356 Leader Building 



f'Iri'chnitl, (thin, Ju]y 8. 

 -1/. C. Hhcl, Xrcrciari/. 

 'J'lic XntiuiiaJ Ax.^()(>(itiiiii uf dniih iicrs. Mdilisoii. X. J.: 

 Dear Xir. — 11/7/ i/oii plciisc iiifonii the members of your .l»so- 

 ei'ifioii tliut Ihc iireiiiiK Ills' cniiniiilter of the Cleveland Flower 

 Shall /'"s <}<ri<le<l to nild a aiiecial premium to mainj of the im- 

 portant rlii.i.ses- and fireriistakru. us it irill appear in tlie final 

 preininm list irhirh ii ill he mailed Septeinher 1. 



This Sjierial pri-e irill he a fire dollar riold pieee. iiin n 1„ the 

 seition man in eharr/e of the hei'ch or section from irliich iriiiners 

 of first prizes were rjroirn. Our eoinmittce decided to issue these 

 sperial prizes as an inducement to the man behind the hose. It 

 is our opinion thai it irill make the irorl: of the jmhies not an 

 casii inaltrr in the selection of prize iriiiiwrs. 



We irill be iilud to hear from ijonr memhers irhn did not rcceire 

 a eopji of onr preliminnri/ list, so as lo make sure iheii \irill receive 

 a copii II f onr final list- '' 



Yours — for a biff — Clerelaiid Floirrr Slio'ir, 

 lil'UililUiT BATE, 



Chairman, Premiums Committee. 



Kor vegctabh's, E. 

 prize, and William (i 

 of the second ]irize. 



The display of flowers 

 line, and the basket of 



T. Sowter took lirst 

 Daub was the winner 



was particularly 

 Dorothy Perkins 



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G. D. TILLEY | 



Naturalist | 



"Everything in the ^ 

 Bird Line from a Ca- = 

 nary to an Ostrich' ' ^ 



= Birds for the House and Porch M 



= Birds for the Ornamental Waterway H 



= Birds for the Garden. Pool and ^viary h 



= Birds for the Game Preserve and Park U 



= I am the oldest established and largest exclusive = 



= dealer in land and water birds in America and have = 



= on hand the most extensive stock in the United States. = 



I G. D. TILLEY. Naturalist. Boi 10. Darien. Coan. | 



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RIDGEWOOD (N. J.) SHOW. 



The lirst annual lluwer show of the Ridge- 

 wood (N. J.) (iarden Club was a success, 

 both in the variety of the display as well 

 as the beaiitj' of the flowers and tasteful- 

 ness of their arrangement, and was a credit 

 to President Roe, C, L. Lersner, chairman 

 of the Show Committee, and the other 

 members. 



The large piazza of the Walker home \va-< 

 charmingly decorated with crimson ranibhM> 

 and forest green, and the exhibits were dis 

 played on tables covered with green crept 

 ]iaper. Tliere were twelve exhibits of fruits 

 and vegetables. 



F. H. Valentine's strawberries (Chesa 

 peake) were particularly large anil well- 

 formed berries, and he took the lirst priz- 

 for fruits. 

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roses and gyp-ophila, with 

 blue delphinium shown by 

 attracteil much attention, 

 (leorge E. Henry and E. F. 

 serve special mention. 



E. T. Sowter had a line collection of six- 

 teen or seventeen varieties of llowers, many 

 of them grown from seed, including cam- 

 panulas, paiisics. gaillardia, antirrhinum, 

 didpliinium, digitalis, iris, stocks, etc. An 

 interesting feature of this exhibit w'as, that 

 where grown from seed the date of sowing 

 was given. 



F. II. Valentine had a most artistic ex- 

 hibit of about twenty general varieties, con- 

 siderable skill anil excellent taste in the 

 Cdlur schrt.ic and arrani^cment bi-iiin^ sIioa^u. 



Tliere were seventeen entries of llowers, 

 other exhibitors being Wesley Van Em- 

 biirgli with a number of varieties including 

 peonies, dahlias, roses, sweet peas and a 

 lemon tree in full bloom; C. Wadsworth 

 with a fine show of roses and a particularly 

 large dee]) led dahlia: II. S. Vincent, whose 

 delphiniunis, larAspius and antirrhinums 

 were very attractive: I!. L. Roe, with admir- 

 able dee)) ])iirple iris, and Wilson Jloiiey- 

 peuiiy, who showed cani]ianiilas. Sweet \\'il- 

 liani and other ]ieieiiiiials. 



A striking exhibit was by \\'illiam .1. Me- 

 Quaid, whose massed ell'ect of corrco])sis and 

 gaillardia was very eti'ective. 



The contest in the flower class was so 

 close that the judges, Mrs. D. A. Garber, 

 Jlrs. E. F. Thomas and ilrs. C. W. Stock- 

 ton, had difficulty in coming to a decision. 

 They finally, however, awarded first prize 

 to E. T. Sowter; second prize to CJeorge E. 

 Ilcnrv. 



?? 



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