20 



HARDWOOD RECORD 



timber stand should be given. They show some interesting facts, and 

 contain a few surprises for persons who suppose that a timber famine 

 is upon us. 



Pacific Coast Woods 

 More than half of all the standing timber of the United States is in 

 California, Oregon, Washington. Idaho, and Montana. The supply in 

 each of those states is shown as follows: 



California . 

 Oregon .... 

 Washington 



Idaho 



Montana 



:!.si, 400,000,000 feet 

 ."..55,800.000.000 feet 

 .391,000.000.000 feet 

 129.100,000.000 feet 

 65,600.000.000 feet 



Total 1..t12,900,000,000 feet 



The largest item in this total is Douglas fir, 521,900,000,000 feet. 

 At the present rate of cutting, the supply of Douglas fir will last 

 one hundred years. 



The next largest stand is that of western yellow pine, commonly 

 known in the market as western pine, or California white pine. The 

 stand is 153,400,000,000 feet, the annual cut about 1,562,000,000 feet, 

 and at that rate the supply will hold out ninetyjeight years. 



Bedwood is third in amount and is credited with 101,900,000,000 

 feet. The yearly output is 540,000,000 feet, and there is enough 

 timber to last at the present rate 190 years. 



Western hemlock's stand is placed at 57,400,000,000 feet; the 

 annual cut is approximately 175,000,000,000; and there is enough 

 at that rate to last 315 years. 



Western red cedar has a stand of 56,700,000,000 feet. The yearly 

 drain is difficult to estimate because it consists of lumber, shingles, 

 and poles; but a liberal estimate of the cut indicates that the supply 

 will last more than a century at the present rate of cutting. 



Sugar pine is confined almost wholly to California, and the stand 

 is placed at 34,700,000,000 feet. The yearly drain on this supply is 

 100,000,000 feet, indicating that there is enough sugar pine to meet 

 that demand for nearly 350 years. 



The stand of Idaho white pine is [daced at 19,600,000,000, and the 

 present rate of cutting, if continued, will exhaust the supply in eighty 

 years. 



Hardwoods arc not counted in Ihe estimate of timber stand in the 

 Pacific Northwest, for the reason that they amount to little in that 

 region. 



The TjAke States 



This area covers Michigan. Wisconsin, and Minnesota, where the 

 total stand of privately-owned timber is placed at 100,000,000,000 

 feet. Of this amount 47,600.000,000 are in Michigan, 29,200,000,000 

 in Wisconsin, and 23,200,000,000 in Minnesota. Tlie (|uantity and 

 kind in each state are shown as follows: 



Species. ^lichigan. Wi.sconsin. Minnt-sotii. 



White anil Norway pine. 2.000.000,000 .S.aoO.OOO.OOO 12..-i00.n00,Ooo 



Hemlock 15.000.000.000 1 1 .600.000,000 



Tamarack 2,000.000.000 1.200.000.000 2,200,000.000 



Spruce . 1,200,000.000 200,000.000 2,000,000.000 



Cedar 1,400,000,000 (iOO.000,000 500,000.000 



.Tack pini> :',00.000.000 1,100.000.000 



Balsam Hr 600.000.000 500,000.000 



Maple 12,200,000.000 2,1)00,000,000 



Birch 5,100,000,000 4,.t00,000,000 700,000,000 



Basswopd 2,200,000,000 2,500,000,000 400,000,000 



Elm 2,100,000,000 1,500,000.000 100,000,000 



Beech 1.000.000.000 



Ash 600.000,000 300,000,000 100,000.000 



Aspen 1.700.000.000 



Oak 200.000,000 300.000,000 200.000,000 



Balm of Gilead :!Oii.ooo,ooo 



Miscellaneous 1.400,000,000 000,000,000 900,000,000 



The total stands of the various species listed in the above table 

 follow: White and Norway pine 17,700,000,000; hemlock 26,600,000,- 

 000; tamarack 5,400.000,000; spruce 3,400,000,000; cedar 2.500.000.- 

 000; jack pine 1,400,000.000; balsam fir 1,100,000.000; total soft- 

 woods 58.100,000,000. The hardwood totals follow: Maple 14.500,- 

 000.000; birch 10,100,000.000; basswood 5.1(10.000.000; elm 3,700,- 

 OOn.noO; beech 1,600,000,000; ash 1,000,000.000; aspen 1.700.000,000; 

 oak 700,000,000; balm of Gilead 300,000,000; miscellaneous ."..iOO,- 

 0011, nno- total hardwoods 41,900,000.000. 



It is not improbable that persons well acquainted with timber con- 

 ditions in the Lake states will question some of the above figures. 

 The Bureau of Corporations submits them as the best to be had, but 

 is inclined to the opinion that the stand of pine in Wisconsin is too 

 small, and that the quantity of oak in the three states has been 

 underestimated. 



SUPPLY AND USE 



The yearly cut of the various species by sawmills in the Lake states 

 is known with a fair degree of accuracy. If the Btireau of Corpora- 

 , tions' figures which give the stand of the different species is accepted, 

 it is easy to estimate how long the supply will last at the present 

 rate of cutting. The amounts taken from the forests vary from 

 year to year, but the latest figures may be accepted as an average. 

 Calculations made on this basis indicate the length of time the forests 

 of the Lake states may be expected to hold out. The figures should be 

 accepted as rough approximations and not as demonstrated facts, 

 because several factors are not given due weight, and their influence 

 will lengthen or shorten the periods: 



rine years 



Hemlock 20 " 



Spruce 36 " 



Tamarack 43 



Balsam fir 56 



Cedar : 90 " 



Oak 10 •• 



Beech ; 15 



Ash 22 " 



Maple 22 " 



Basswood ■. . . . 25 



Elm 30 ■■ 



Birch , 40 •• 



In considering the above figures it shouM be borne in mind that 

 the sawmill output only is taken account of in estimating the drain 

 upon the forests. There are several other drains, notably hewed cross- 

 t ies, poles, staves, and rotary cut veneers. These products do not 

 pass through sawmills. If they were counted in the output, the term 

 of years which the different woods may be expected to last would 

 be somewhat shortened. 



Southern Pine Region 



The states included in this area have been listed above. The 

 portions of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia 

 not included lie among the mountains, where little or no yellow pine 

 grows. 



The estimates made for this region by the Bureau of Corporations 

 places the stand of longleaf pine at 232,300.000,000 feet; shortlcaf 

 pine (including loblolly) 1.5-j,100,000.000; cypress 40,400,000,000; 

 hardwoods 209,200.000,000; total 634,000,000,000. This stand of 

 uicrcliantalile timber is apportioned among the eleven states as fol- 

 lows, the figures representing M board feet: 



Longleaf Shortleaf Cypress Hardwoods 'I'ntal 



Missouri 1,100,000 900.000 7.900.000 9,900,000 



.Arkansas 20,000.000 2.200.000 50.500.000 7S.7OO,O00 



Texas 22,400,000 22,500,000 200.000 20,900,000 60,000,000 



Louisiana ... 52.500,000 15,200.000 15,700,000 36,400,000 119,.SOO,000 

 Mississippi .. 47.600.000 14.S00.000 1.900.000 31.000,000 95.:!(10.000 

 Alalwma .... 25.600.000 12.400,000 200.000 IS.100.000 50.300,000 



FIni-ida 58.200,000 900,000 10,700,000 4,100,000 73.900.000 



ficorgia .... 18.500.000 13.200,000 2,800.000 11.500.000 46,000,000 

 S. Carolina.. 4.000.000 14.000,000 2.600.000 8,900,000 ,30.700.000 

 N. Carolina.. 2,900,000 22,700,000 3,000,000 14,300,000 42,900,000 

 Viijnnia 8,700,000 200,000 5.800,000 14,500.000 



Total ...232.300,000 152,100,000 40.400.000 209.200.000 634.000.000 

 SUPPLY AND USE 



Estimates may be made of the probable time the southern pines, 

 cypress and hardwoods will last at the present rate of cutting. It is 

 necessary, however, to consider the southern pines in the aggregate 

 and not in detail, because sawmill statistics do not separate them 

 according to species. All are grouped as yellow pine. The hard- 

 woods included are those only which are growing in the states shown 

 in the above table. Estimates based on the stniid and the yearly 

 cut of sawmills indicate that the southern yellow pines may be ex- 

 pected to last twenty-seven years if the present rate of cutting is 

 maintained; cypress forty years; hardwoods seventy-five years. 



Tli(> Bureau of Corporations did not compile figures showing the 



