HARDWOOD RECORD 



29 



Average Valc'e 



OF 



Kind of Wood 

 All kinds . . 

 Softwoods 

 Yellow pine . . . . 

 Douglas flr . . . . 

 "White pine . . . . 



Hemlock 



Western pine . . 



OF Li.MBEi! Per 3.000 Feet, Board JIeasike, by 

 Wood, foe Specified Years : 1890 to 1911 

 1911 1910 1909 1908 1907 1906 1904 

 $15.03 $15.30 $13.38 $15.37 $16.56 $16.54 $li.76 



13.87 

 11.03 

 18.34 

 13.59 

 13.88 



Spruce 16.14 



C.vpress 20.54 



Redwood 13.99 



CcJar 13.86 



larch 11.87 



13.29 

 13.09 

 18.93 

 13.85 

 14.20 



16.62 

 20.51 

 13.52 

 15.53 

 11.83 



White fir 10.64 11.52 



•Vamarack (•) 13.30 



Sugar pine .... 17.52 18.68 



lialsamflr 13.42 14.48 



I.&dgepole pine . 12.41 14.8s 



12.69 

 12.44 

 18.16 

 13.95 

 13.39 



16.91 

 20.46 

 14.80 

 19.95 

 12.39 



13.10 

 13.18 

 18.14 

 13.99 

 16.25 



12.66 

 11.97 

 18.17 

 13.65 

 15.03 



16.23 

 21.30 

 15.66 

 18.03 

 11.81 



11.38 

 12.86 

 17.78 

 14.36 



14.02 

 14.12 

 19.41 

 15.53 

 13.67 



17.26 

 22.12 

 17.70 

 19.14 

 13.07 



15.45 

 15.71 

 19.84 

 16.16 



I • I 



15.02 

 14.20 

 18.32 

 15.31 

 14.01 



17.33 

 21.94 

 16.64 

 18.12 

 11.91 



9.96 



9.51 



14.93 



11.91 

 11.30 



14.03 

 17.50 

 12.83 

 14.35 

 8.94 



1899 

 $11.13 



8.4*; 

 8.07 

 12.60 

 9.98 

 9.70 



11.27 

 13.32 

 10.12 

 10.91 

 8.00 



12.91 (•) C) 



15.63 12.42 12.48 



16.11 (•) 12. .30 



(•) <*) (*) 



( * 1 1*1 (■ * I 



Hardwoods 



Oak 19.14 18.76 



•Maple 15.49 16.16 



Tulip poplar . . . 25.46 24.71 



Red gum 12.11 12.26 



Cl;estnut 16.63 16.23 



Birch 16.61 17.37 



Beech 14.09 14.34 



Basswood 19.20 20.94 



Hickorj- 22.47 26.55 



20.50 

 1B.77 

 25.-39 

 13.20 

 16.12 



21.23 

 16.30 

 23.30 

 13.08 

 16.27 



21.23 

 16.84 

 24.91 

 14.10 

 17.04 



21.76 

 13.33 

 24.21 

 13.46 

 17.49 



17.24 

 14.03 



16.95 10.42 17.37 



13.25 13.50 14.30 



19.50 20.50 20.03 18.66 



30.80 29.66 29.50 30.42 



17.31 

 14.94 

 18.99 

 10.87 

 13.78 



15.44 



(•) 



16.86 



23.94 



Elm 



17.13 18.67 17.52 18.40 18.45 18.08 14.45 



21.21 22.47 



24.44 



13.78 

 11.83 

 14.03 

 9.63 

 13.37 



12.50 

 (•) 

 12.84 

 18.78 

 11.47 



5.31 25.01 24.35 18.77 15.84 



Ash 



Cottonwood . . . 18.12 17.78 18.05 17.76 18.42 17.15 14.92 10.37 



Tupelo .12.46 12.14 11.87 13.36 14.48 14.13 (*) (•) 



S.veaniore 13.16 14.10 14.77 14.67 14.38 |») <») 11.04 



Walnut 31.70 34.91 42.79 42.33 43.31 42.25 45.64 36.49 



• Not reported separately. 



' C'^o&^aaiKjaaKiiOKtaiJXtt^igtvg^:^'^^ ' ' jAitsastK w ' 



Stopping the Rainy Day Leaks 



It is an interesting fact that the lumber trade is subjected to 

 greater loss from bad weather than any other line of business. Even 

 slight consideration of the fact will show the truth of the statement, 

 growing out of the fundamental condition that the work of lumber- 

 ing is necessarily done in the open. Rainy weather interrupts opera- 

 tions in the yard more than anywhere else, perhaps, for at the mill 

 it is possible to go on sawing, even though the lumber is not imme- 

 diately distributed, whether the rain falls or not. 



A young hardwood man who has not been in the business so long 

 that everything appears common-place and uninteresting, got busy 

 with his lead pencil one rainy day in April, when operations in the 

 wholesale yard with which he was connected were discontinued to 

 await the pleasure of .Jupiter Pluvius. The inspectors, three in 

 number, were having a delightful game of craps in the bacls office; 

 a number of cars were standing on the siding, accumulating demur- 

 rage bills steadily and inexorably; while the truckmen, who were on 

 day wages, were sitting under the lee of a big pile and swapping 

 yarns of more or less questionable hue. 



The inspectors were paid, all told, $10 a day; ear service was $1 a 

 car a day; and the truckmen got in the neighborhood of $8. As 

 the inspectors could load from four to five ears a day, that item 

 was pretty definitel.v fixed, so that there was at least a dead loss 

 of about $23 a day. Tliis was not all, of course, inasmuch as the in- 

 terruption came at a particularly busy time, when customers wanted 

 stock badly, and when loss of business might easily follow from 

 failure to ship promptly. 



There is little question about unfavorable weather constituting a 

 big burden on every lumberman operating a yard. The only thing 

 that is not settled is how to dispose of the loss in the most satis- 

 factory way. The lumberman who did the figuring referred to above 

 found at least a half-wa.v solution that would take care of the un- 

 loading problem. Tliat was simply the erection of a shed over the 

 lumber dock. 



He got figures on what it would cost to build a shed that would 

 t'over enough space to enable three cars to be imloaded, and learned 

 that the expense would be in the neighborhood of $750. As 6 per 

 cent interest on $750 is only $45 a year, it appeared that the loss 

 suffered on two rainy days would be sufficient, if recovered, ,to make 

 the shed a good investment. He put the question up to the boss, 

 and got favorable action on it, resulting in the shed being put up 

 and unloading being continued in wet weather. 



The limiber was not distributed, of course, as this was impossible 

 on account of the fact that tlie truckers wouldn't visork and the 

 lumber would be damaged by being rained on. It was, however, laid 

 down in the shed, enabling the cars to be moved and additional 

 imloading work carried on. While all of the loss was not disptsed 



of, and only part of the handling work completed, the advantagets 

 gained were sufficient to make everybody connected with the yard 

 feel that the erection of the shed was well worth while. 



It was also of advantage during hot weather, since it was a good 

 deal more comfortable for the inspectors, as well as others employed 

 in handling lumber, to work under its shade than to swelter in the 

 sun without any protection whatever. This is a little point fre- 

 quently lost sight of, but it is a valuable consideration, nevertheless. 



A southern sawmill man who studied the problem of reducing losses 

 through rainy day interruptions found out one way of doing it 

 that helped some. He was one of those who believe in remanufactur- 

 ing lumber which can be increased in value by ripping or cutting 

 off. Consequently his inspectors were instructed when loading out 

 to lay aside any boards which were worthy of this attention. These 

 were placed in a shed near the loading dock, and accumulated fast 

 enough to make a pretty fair da.y 's work occasionallj'. 



When the rain fell and regular yard operations were stopped, the 

 chief inspector devoted his attention to having the lumber in the 

 shed ripped and cross-cut when necessary. He used his regular yard- 

 men in the work of running the machine, power for which was fur- 

 nished by a motor connected up with the light dynamo of the plant, 

 so that there was no trouble about getting current. The men who 

 were used in this work would ordinarily have done nothing all day, 

 and their labor could consequently be considered as costing very little. 

 'The big increase in value of the remanufactured lumber, therefore, 

 made a mighty good showing from the standpoint of the man who 

 originated the idea. 



At the same mill experiments have been made with a permanent 

 covering for piles which would enable work to be carried on in the 

 rain, and lumber to be handled under all conditions of weatlier, 

 assuming that tlie truckers could be persuaded to work in the wet. 

 The idea is novel enough to warrant description, though some may 

 complain of a lack of practicability. The plan involved the erection 

 at each of the four cornets of the pile of an upright, surmounted with 

 an iron pipe or rod which was jointed and capable of being raised 

 and lowered. At the top of the pipe, and extending over the pile, 

 covering it completely, was a waterproof covering of some, descrip- 

 tion. Asbestos cloth was one of the materials suggested, though 

 ordinary tarpaulin, tarred to protect it better, would doubtless answer 

 the purpose. 



W'ith this rig in position, a pile would be protected from the 

 time it was started. As it rose, the covering would be raised by 

 means of pulleys which controlled the position of the movable rods. 

 At no tinJe would the lumber be exposed to the elements, and at no 

 time would it be necessary to use boards for covering. As far as 

 liandling the lumber in bad weather is concerned, this would be taken 



