40 



HARDWOOD RECORD 



hose and water jjump wore sm-n rusbing to the woods, where the.\' learned 

 after a little while that the full moon had fooled them. 



"Apparently the woods are safe where such is the spirit of the farmers 

 living near !" 



Heavy Sentences for Officers of Philadelphia Company 



Judge Vv'itmer of the United States District Court at Philadelphia re- 

 cently pronounced sentence on the convicted officials of the International 

 Lumber and Development Company of Philadelphia, who were found 

 guilty of fraudulent use of the mails and other offenses as given in detail 

 In previous issues of Hardwood Recokd. The motion of the attorneys 

 for the defense to secure new trial was refused by the judge. 



John R. Markley and Isniah P.. Miller of Chicago were each fined ,'i;iO,000 

 and sentenced to fifteen months imi>risiniment. William II. Armstrong, 

 Jr., and Charles R. McMabon of Philadelphia were each given a fine of 

 $2,000 and a sentence of two years in prison. Colonel A. G. Stewart of 

 Mason City, la., was fined .$1,000 and sentenced to a year's imprisonment. 



The disastrous results of the operations of this company, both for the 

 investors and the principals of the company, should serve as a striking 

 warning to anyone contemplating investing in lumber or other enterprises 

 of which they have not accurate and thoroughly reliable information. 



New Shingle Specifications 



The Massachusetts legislature has iiassed a new law governing the 

 manner in which shingles must be put up for sale in Massachusetts. The 

 bill which has been signed by the governor reads as follows : 



Section 1 — In this commonwealth all random width wooden shingles 

 shall 1)0 sold in bunches or bundles measuring not less than twenty inches 

 in width and containing not less than twenty-three courses or layi.-rs on 

 one end and not less than twenty-four courses or layers on the other end. 

 The shingles in each bunch or bundle when laid five inches exposed surface 

 to weather shall cover twenty-five square feet in area. Four such bundles 

 of shingles shall constitute a unit of measure termed a thousand. 



Section 2 — All violations of this act shall be punishable by a fine of 

 not less tlian five nor more than five hundred dollars for each offense. 



Section 3 — All acts or parts inconsistent herewith are hereby repealed. 



Section 4 — This act shall take effect ninety days after its passage. 



Crossties Purchased in 1911 



The accompanying table shows the number of crossties purchased by 

 the steam and electric roads of the United States in 1011 and for four 

 preceding years, and the species of woods with the number of ties of 

 each kind ; 



Crossties Purchased, by Kixd.s of Wood, 1007 to 1911 

 Kind of 

 wood 1011 1910 1909 1908 1907 



135,0.13,000 148,231,000 123.7.51,000 112,406.000 153.703,000 



All kinds 



Oak 59,508,000 



Southern pine 24,265,000 

 Douglas fir, . 11,253,000 

 Cedar 8,015,000 



Chestnut . . . 

 Cypress .... 

 Tamarack . . 

 Hemlock . . . 

 Western pine 

 Redwood . . . 



Cum 1,293,000 



Maple 1,189,000 



Beech 1,109,000 



All other.,. 2,682,000 



7,542.000 

 5,857,000 

 4,138,000 

 3,686,000 

 2,696,000 

 1,820,000 



08,382,000 57,132,000 48,110,000 61,757,000 

 26,264,000 21,385,000 21,530,000 34,215,000 

 11,629,000 9,067,000 7,988,000 14,525,000 

 7,305,000 6,777,000 8,172,000 8,054,000 

 7,760,000 6,629,000 8,074,000 7.831,000 

 5,396,000 4,589.000 3,457,000 6,780.000 

 5,163,000 3,311,000 4,025,000 4,562,()t]ll 

 3,468,000 2,642,000 3,120,000 2,307,000 

 4,612,000 6,797,000 3,093,000 5,019,000 

 2,165.000 2,088,000 871,000 2,032,000 



1,621.000 STS.tiOo 202,000 15,000 



773,001) 1.18,000 151,000 



798,000 195,000 102,000 52,000 



2.895,000 2,603,000 3,421.000 5.574,000 

 The steam roads purchased 126.155,000 of the ties listed, and the elec- 

 tric roads 8,898.000. Of the total ties purchased. 31,141.000 were given 

 preservative treatment to hinder decay. There were 112 treating plants 

 in the United States, and during the year they used over 73,000,000 

 gallons of creosote oil, seventy per cent of which was imported from 

 Kngland and Germany. Creosote treatment was given 17,636.735 ties, zinc 

 chloride to 8,670,929, creo.sote and zinc chloride to 3,015,075, and miscel- 

 laneous treatment to l,818,4it2 others. 



An Outline for a Field Study of a Lumber Operation 

 The above is the. title of a pamphlet, prepared by R. C. Bryant, pro- 

 fessor of lumbering of the Yale Forest School, that has been prepared for 

 the use of students in the senior class of that institution, and for others 

 who may wish a guide to aid them in the preparation of a field report 

 on a lumber operation. It covers the general logging problems of all 

 forest regions, in order that it may be of service to those who desire 

 to investigate operations in any section. Consequently, for local condi- 

 tions it will he necessary to eliminate certain subjects which do not per- 

 tain to the particular operation being studied. 



Th)' outline has been made comprehensively and covers any subject 

 coming under woods or millwork In any lumber operation. Among the 

 subjects included are : The Region : Ownership and Management ; The 

 Forest ; The Logging Operation ; Lumber Manufacture : Lumber Ship- 

 ment and Transportation : Sale nf Lumber ; Lath Manufacture ; Shingle 

 Manufacture; Naval Stores Industry and Harvesting 'I'anbark. 



Under these subjects are many subheads. The whole is designed as 

 suggested as merely an outline showing the different questions which must 

 he investigated in order to get at a comprehensive report of any operation. 



W. P. Brown & Sons Lumber Company Increased Operations 

 Tbi- \V. I". Brown & Sons Lumber Company of Louisville, Ky.. has 

 purcha.sed two seven-foot band mills located at Fayette. Ala., which have 



a combined daily Output of 70,000 feet. The mills are already in opera- 

 tion and are in charge of W. D. Frazier, who has been operating for 

 himself in the vicinity of Fayette for several years. The mills will be 

 supplied with logs by M. and L. Baskette from a tract of timber owned 

 by these men in the mills' vicinity. This timlwr is of sufficient extent 

 to supply the mills for several years and runs about equally to oak 

 and gum. 



Maxwell Brothers Incorporate for Box Manufacture 



Two sons of Henry li. Maxwell of Chicago, wi'll known in wooden box 

 circles, namel.v. August K. and Harry W. Maxwell, have just incorporated 

 as Maxwell Brothers for the purpose of manufacturing packing boxes. 

 Definite arrangements have not been completed as to the location and 

 arrangement of the plant. 



E. Sondheimer Company Sells Cairo Yard 



The E. Sondheimer Company of Memphis, Tenn., announces that it has 

 decided to dispose of its yard at Cairo, 111. C. C. Schaler of South Bend, 

 Ind., has taken over the yard, foundations, switch tracks, etc. The Sond- 

 heimer yard is located immediately adjacent to C. C. Schater's Cairo 

 yard and thus the acquisition of the new space Is of considerable value 

 to him. It is also planned by the Sondheimer company that it will open 

 a branch house at Detroit, Mich., with Herman Katz in charge. 



A Few Stumps 



Cadillac. Mich., has become justly famous lor its practical application 

 of the more scientific phases of the conservation of forest resources 

 through complete utilization. Here are found not only sawmills of the 

 most modern type, but veneer plants, furniture factories, dimension, han- 

 dle and last plants, flooring plants and in fact plants for the manufac- 

 ture of almost every conceivable article that can be made from the prod- 

 ucts and by-products of Michigan forests. Not the least important of 

 these is a plant for the extraction of turpentine from Norway pine stumps. 

 This plant has ueen in activ.- operation for several years and is now re- 

 Dorted to he on an excellent financial basis. It manufactures its turpen- 



3,500 CORDS N(JU\VAY PI.NF STUMPS FOR TURPENTINK PRODUC- 

 TION, CADILLLAC TURPENTINE COMPANY, CADILLAC, MICH. 



tine exclusively from Norway pine stumps brought in from the surround- 

 ing country l>y farmers and othi-rs clearing land. Just now it has the 

 biggest pile of stumps it has ever accuratil.'ited. The accompanying illus- 

 tration gives some idea ctf the size of this stump pile, but reall.v does 

 not do it justice. The pile shown in the photograph is lK>tween thirty 

 and forty feet high and covers a htrge portion of the company's ground. 

 It contains in all about thirty-five hundred cords. The Cadillac Turpen- 

 tine Company had its plant shut down for alterations for some time, but 

 began operations again on May 1. 



Emil Guenther Buys Timber 



The Guenther Lumber Company of I'hiladelphia, wholesaler of hard- 

 woods, cypress and white pine, announces that its jiresident. Emil (!uen- 

 ther of that city, has Just returned from an extended trip to North 

 Carolina, whei-e he acquired a tract of 4.000 acres running principally to 

 gum. The operations will begin immediately. 



Cordwood and Real Wood 

 . The regulation cord of wood is a pile four feet wide, four feet high, 

 and eight feet long, the volume of which is 12S cubic feet. This volume 

 consists of wood and the air spaces between the sticks. There are never 

 128 cubic feet of real wood In a cord made up of pieces, because more 

 or less space exists between them. The quantity of air in a cord of 

 wood depi-nds upon the size and shape of the sticks. Their lengths as 

 well as their diameters must be taken Into account. It is found by 

 actual measurement that a rick two feet wide, four feet high, and sixteen 

 feet long contains a little more wood than a rick four feet wide, four 

 feet high and eight feet long, though the two ricks are of equal total 

 volume. There is still less wood In a rick eight feet wide, four feet high, 

 and four feet long. In other words, the longer the sticks, the loss real 

 wood there is In a cord. That Is because a long stick Is apt to be more 



