HARDWOOD RECORD 



47 



W. W. Vincent. W". ('. Liindoii ; seci-etary, H. J. Hagge ; treasurer.. B. F. 

 Wilson : general adjuster and inspector, Hoyt A. Winslow : superintendent 

 inspection department. .1. C. Youmans : medical director, A. W. Trevitt : 

 general counsel, Neal Brown : general manager. William A. Fricke : execu- 

 tive committee, G. F. Steele. W. C. Landon. M. P. McCullougli. Karl 

 Mathie, L. M. Alexander, B. F. Wilson, Neal Brown. William A. Fricke : 

 directors, G. F. Steele. Cornell : Walter Alexander, Wausau ; W. W. Vin- 

 ■cent, Kenosha ; William Fricke, Wausau ; W. E. Brown. Rliinelander ; L. K. 

 Baker, Odanali ; C. C. Yawke.v. Wausau : A. Hirschheimer. La Crosse : 

 -George E. Foster. Mellen : W. C. Landon, Wausau : L. M. Alexander. Mil- 

 waukee ; '■H. J. Hagge. Wausau ; JL A. Wertheimer. Kaukauna ; M. P. 

 MeCuUougb. Schofield ; G. D. .Tones, Wausau : Karl Mathie. Mosinee : 

 B. F. Wilson. Wausau : Keal Brown. Wausau. 



"Lorac" to Prevent Degrading of Logs 



There is a considerable loss sustained b.v ever.v sawmill or vrneer plant 

 •utilizing logs because of checking, rotting and splitting of logs while 

 they remain in the woods or in piles previous to utilization. In addition. 

 piled lumber depreciates in value 'considerably through checking and rot 

 if not properly treated. Hence every millraan should be i)articularly 

 interested in any proposition which tends to preserve his saw logs and 

 sawed lumber without its showing any tendency towards splitting, check- 

 ing or rotting. 



cuECKi;i> iah; u.m'ai.nted 



The most effective remedy of this kind is a preparation known as 

 -Lorac" manufactured bv George Henke Company. 62 Beekman street. 

 New York Cilv The actual experience of the hundreds of sawmills and 



rXCHECKED LOG PAINTED WITH •LCmAC" 



veneer men using this product absolutely yerifles the contention that the 

 use of this preparation will entirely eliminate checking of either logs 

 or lumber for several months after its application to the exposed ends. 

 ■Lorac" is furnished ready for u.se and may be applied by the most 

 unskilled labor. The process of .application merely consisting of painting 

 the ends of logs or lumber as soon after cutting as is practicable. In 

 addition to its preservative feature, "Lorac" is neither inflammable nor 

 corrosive. Furthermore, its low cost, less than one cent per square foot 

 of surface covered, justifies a trial on the part of anyone experiencing 

 checking or degrading of logs or lumljor through exposure to the elements 

 In ihis connection are shown illustrations of two logs each of which 

 was left exposed to the same weather conditions for several months. The 

 log which shows no splits or check was painted with "Lorac" immediately 

 after l>eing felled, while the checked log was untreated. 



The Battle Against the Destructive Moths 



Interesting facts wore brought out at a conference in February calleil 

 by the state forester of Massachusetts at Boston for the purpose of arriv 

 ing at some practical and efficient way of combating the spreading ravages 

 of the brown-tail and gips.v moths. It is certain that New York ami 

 other states about Massachusetts will soon be reached by these destructiv.' 

 insects and that unless more effective means are taken they will destroy 

 not only forest trees but shade an^ ornahiental trees over large sections 

 of the state. As shade tree pests these insects can be controlled by 

 spraying and destroying egg clusters ; but these methods are used only 

 at considerable expense and must be continued indefinitely. It seems 

 probable that as soon as the parasites and diseases introduced from 

 abroad which work upon and destroy these insects, have become fairly 

 •established, they will aid man greatly against future plagues. The gipsy 

 imoth problem of the future in the state of New York is a forestry 



problem, as the insect cannot be fought in the forest by spraying, but 

 must be controlled and eventually eliminated by proper methods of forest 

 management. Certain trees such as oak, willow and birch are apparently 

 more favorable and often seem necessary for the development of the cater- 

 pillars of the moths. Methods of forest management can be used such 

 as removing these trees from the forest and thus destroying the favorite 

 food of the pests. With this method of proper forest management must 

 go strict quarantine against lumber, cordwood and nursery stock shipped 

 in from infested territories. Some effort has been made to establish a 

 dead line to prevent further spread of the insect. A stand of timber 

 consisting largely of white pine and other evergreens is selected and all 

 liardwoods or broadleal" growth removed. 



A Book on Economic Woods 



The publishing house of John Wiley & Sons, New York, has issued a 

 valuable book from the pen of Samuel J. Record of Yale University, 

 under the title ^"Identification of the Economic Woods of the United 

 States." It includes a discussion of the structural and physical prop- 

 erties of wood. Readers of H.vrdwood Record are well acquainted with 

 Mr. Record's excellent work. The book is not large, but a remarkable 

 quantity of information is crowded into its 120 pages. It deals exclu- 

 sively with the structure and other properties of wood, and does not 

 take up tree growing. The busy, practical man will find in it the 

 answers to many questions which come up from time to time. Some of 

 the matters treated are the taste, odor, luster, and color of wood, and 

 the reasons why one wood differs from another in this respect. Shrinkage, 

 warping, and cheeking are discussed and the causes which produce them 

 are pointed out. Other properties considered are resonance or the sound- 

 ing qualities of woods when struck ; the abilitj* of woods to absorb water ; 

 their penetrability l>y preservative mixtures; the amount of moisture in 

 woods at various stages of seasoning ; the weight, density, grain, and 

 growth rings ; and the origin, qualities, and properties of heartwood and 

 sapwood. 



The descriptions of wood structure are particularly precise. This is a 

 technical subject and must of necessity be treated in scientific language ; 

 but expl.Tnations are clear, and the text is illustrated by pictures -both 

 entertaining and instructive. 



The book contains a key to the identification of the important eco- 

 nomic woods of the United States. This key is valuable to the wood 

 user because it enables him to identify nearly any sample of timber that 

 comes to his notice. Misunderstanding and uncertainties constantly arise 

 as to what species or genus a certain wood is. and even men who have 

 had long experience in handling woods are often in doubt. 



Galax Gatherers' Efficient Forest Fire Patrol 



An interesting example is found among the mountains of North Carolina 

 of the effect of local sentiment in keeping down forest fires. It is also 

 an example of how local sentiment may be influenced by a very small 

 thing. 



The government recently purchased a tract of 11,150 acres of timber 

 and cut-over land on the east slope of Mt. Mitchell, on the head of 

 South Toe river, which is one of the fountain streams of the Tennessee 

 river. A certain part of the tract was found to have suffered very little 

 from forest fires, and it was there that the good results of local senti- 

 ment and effort were discovered. It was evident that some influence 

 had been active in keeping fires out of that part of the tract. 



It was discovered that for some years a local industr.v had been 

 carried on in the mountain fastnesses by the people who live in the 

 vicinity. A beautiful and rare plant, known as galax {galaj: apliylla). 

 grows there. Its round, shining leaves, and its raceme of white flowers 



^n.i'i i.\ si:.\s(iM.\i 



.\(i i'i;i:r<KK^ .\ii\ !■: i si-;i) 



on a central stalk, are daint.v and attractive. Onl.v one species of this 

 beautiful evergreen plant is known to exist in America, and it grows 

 along the mountains from' Vlriginia to Georgia. 



The settlers about Mt. Mitchell discovered that florists in northern 

 cities would pay good prices for the galax plants, and a local business 

 of gathering and shipping them developed. The gathering was done 

 chiefly by women and children, and local merchants shipped the plants 



