i8 



THE HARDWOOD RECORD. 



seconds, the lengths are from 8 to 16 feet, 

 but there must not be over 10 per cent of 

 10-foot lengths and 5 per cent of 8-foot 

 lengths, imless otherwise specified. 



STANDARD DEFECTS. 



Eliminate paragrapli -i. and insert in- 

 stead "One split not diverging more than 

 1 inch to the foot and not exceeding in 

 length in inches the surface measure of 

 the piece in feet, except as otherwise sjieci- 

 fied.-' 



In paragi'aph 5, instead of saying "A 

 piece of lum^ber 8 inches and over wide," 

 should read "A piece of lumber 8 inches 

 or over wide." 



Eliminate paragraph 0, and insert in- 

 stead, "Worm, grab, l^not and rafting pin- 

 holes, not exceeding in extent or damage - 

 li/i-inch knot, except as otherwise speci- 

 fied." 



EXPLANATIONS. 



In paragraph 2 the word "ordinary" 

 should be added before season checks. 



Add paragraph, "Wane is difficult to de- 

 scril>e and inspectors must take same into 

 consideration." 



INSPECTION OF LUMBER SAWED 

 FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES. 



We recommend that the sentence, "Such 

 stock shall be inspected, clear and culls," 

 be eliminated. 



ST.ANDARD INSPECTION PLAIN 



SAWEO RED AND WHITE 



OAK. 



Width, 3 inches and over. 

 Eliminate "thicknesses." 

 Bright sap up to one-third the widtli of 

 boai'd on one side is no defect. 



Firsts must be 10 feet and over long. 

 Seconds must be 8 feet and over long; 



8 feet to be 8 inches and over wide; 8 to 



9 inches wide must be clear; 10 inches and 

 over wide to admit of one standard defect. 

 Pieces 10 feet and over long, 6 and 7 

 inches wide, free of sap, will admit of one 

 standard defect. 



Common are 4 inches and over wide. G 

 feet and over long. 



Pieces G feet long must be 6 inches and 

 over wide and clear, and not over 10 per 

 cent of this length allowed. 



Oak sti-ips 1 and 1% inch thick, 21/2, 

 3, 4 and 5 inches wide, 8 to 16 feet long. 



Clear strips are 10 feet and over long, 

 and must show one face and tr\vo edges 

 clear, and must also ihave one face free 

 of sap. Strips Shall be measured so they 

 will dry out full \^idth when seasoned. 



QUARTER-SAWEID RED AND WHITE 

 OAK. 



Lengths, 6 feet to 16 feet long. 



Eliminate thicknesses. 



Firsts must be 7 inches and over wide, 



10 feet and over long. Pieces 9 inches 

 and over -wide may admit of one standard 

 defect. 



Seconds must be 6 inches and over wide, 

 8 to 16 feet long; 8 feet must be 7 inches 

 and over wide; 7 and 8 inches must be 

 clear; 9 inches and wider will admit of one 

 standard defect. Pieces 10 feet and up. 6 

 and 7 inches wide, will admit of one st.ind- 

 and defect. Pieces 8 and 9 inches wide may 

 have one standard defect, besides one inch 

 of bright sap. Pieces 10 and 11 inches 

 wide may have two standard defects, be- 

 sides 1 inch of bright sap. Pieces 12 inches 

 and over wide may have three standard 

 defects besides 1 incli of bright s.ap. 



Eliminate paragraph "Scant sawed lum- 

 ber that will grade firsts and seconds, and 



dress % inch, shall be classed as com- 

 mon." 



Bright sap no defect in common and 

 cull. 



Common 6 feet long must be 6 inches 

 and over wide and must be clear. 

 QrARTER-SAWED RED AND WHITE 

 OAK STRIPS. 



Quarter-sawed oak strips must be 1 inch 

 and 114 inches thick-, 2Vo, 3, 31/2, 4, 41/0, 5 and 

 5% inches wide, 8 to 10 feet long. Quarter- 

 sawed strips must be measured so they 

 will dry out full width when seasoned. 



MAPLE. 



Firsts and seconds 8 to 16 feet long. 



Seconds must be 6 inches and over wide, 

 8 to 10, feet long; 8 feet must be 6 inches 

 and over wide, and must be clear. Pieces 

 10 feet and over long. 6, 7 and 8 inches 

 wide, will admit of one standard defect. 

 Pieces 9, 10 and 11 inches wide will admit 

 of two standard defects, or their equiva- 

 lent. Pieces 12 inches and over wide may 

 have three standard defects or their 

 equivalent. 



Common are 3 inches and over wide, 6 

 feet to 16 feet long; 6 feet must be 6 

 inches and over wide and clear. Pieces 

 6 inches and over wide, 8 and 10 feet 

 long, must work two-thirds clear in not 

 over two pieces. Pieces 6 inches and over 

 wide, 12 feet and over long must work 

 two-thirds clear in not over three pieces. 



SOFT ELM. 



S«me as recommended ruling on maple, 

 with addition of clause as follows: 



Note.— Black spots or streaks are serious 

 defects, and inspectors .sihall be careful in 

 estimating their damage. If they are ex- 

 cessive they will reduce the piece one or 

 more grades. 



BIRCH. 



Same as recoanmended ruling on maple, 

 up to and including the mill cull ruling on 

 maple, then add: 



"Red birch shall not be less than 75 

 per cent red on one face; 4 and 5 inch 

 strips shall have one face all red. Other- 

 wise the grade .shall be governed by the 

 rules of ordinary birch." 



BASSWOOD. 



We recommend ruling on firsts and sec- 

 onds, common and strips same as maple. 



BUTTERNUT. 



Change in common 6, 8 and 10 feet long 

 mtist work two-thirds clear in not over 

 t^vo pieces. Pieces 6 inches and over wide, 

 12 feet and over long, must work two- 

 thirds clear in not over three pieces. 



Culls 6, 8 and 10 feet long must work 

 50 per cent clear in not over three pieces; 

 12 feet and longer must work .50 per cent 

 clear in not over four pieces. 



ASH. 



Fir.sts must be 8 inelies and over wide, 

 10, 12, 14 and 16 feet long. 



Seconds must be 6 inches and over wide. 

 8 to 10 feet long; 8-foot pieces must be 8 

 inches and over -wide. 8 and 9 indi widths 

 must be clear; 10 inches and over width 

 admits of one standard defect. Pieces 10 

 feet aud over in length and and 7 inclies 

 wide, admit of one standard defect, ex- 

 cept Ivuotholes and rafting pinholes. 



Note to be added after clause 1. in sec- 

 onds, "18 feet and up special grade." 



Common pieces 6 inches and over wide. 

 6 to 10 feet long, must work two-thirds 

 clear in not over tn-o pieces. Pieces 6 

 inches and over wide. 12 feet and over 

 I'ug. must work two-thirds clear in not 

 over three pieces. 



CHESTNUT. 



Lengths, 6 to 16 feet long. 



Firsts must be 8 inches and over wide, 

 10 ,12. 14 and 10 feet long. 



Seconds must be inches and over wide, 

 8 feet to 10 feet long; 8- foot lengths must 

 be 8 inches and over wide, and must be 

 clear; 10 inches and over wide will admit 

 of one standard defect. Pieces 10 feet and 

 up in length, and 7 inches wide, will 

 admit of one standard defect, excepting 

 knotholes and rafting pinholes. 



Commons must be 4 inches and over 

 wide, 6 to 16 feet long; 4 inches must be 

 clear; 6-foot pieces inches and over wide 

 must be clear. Pieces 6 inches and over 

 wide, 8 and 10 feet long, must work two- 

 thirds clear in not over two pieces. 

 Pieces 6 inches and over wide, 12 feet and 

 longer, must work two-thirds clear in not 

 over three pieces. 



Culls and sound wormy, 6 to 16 feet long, 

 must be 3 inches and over wide: worm- 

 lioles admitted in this grade without limit, 

 Imt must cut two-thirds sound, regardless 

 of wormholes. No cutting allowed that 

 is less than 4 inches wide and 2 feet long, 

 and not to e'xeeed three pieces in 6, 8 and 

 10 foot lengths, and four pieces in 12 feet 

 and longer. 



QUARTER-SAWE© SYCAMORE. 



Same as recommended ruling on quarter- 

 sawed white and red oak, excepting that 

 2 inches bright sap is a standard defect, 

 instead of 1 Inch. 



PLAIN-SAWE'D SYCAMORE. 



Thicknesses, added %, % and % inches. 



Eliminate 2 wcjrmholes to he classed 

 as one standard defect. Balance of rule 

 same as plain oak. 



BBBCH. 



Same as recommended ruling on maple 

 in its entirety. 



CHEORRY. 



Add % and % inch in thicknesses. 



Firsts and seconds 8 to 10 feet long; 

 S-foot lengths 6 and 7 inches wide must 

 be clear, and 8 inches and over wide will 

 admit of one standard defect. Pieces 10 

 feel and over long, 0, 7 and 8 inches wide, 

 will admit of one standard defect. Pieces 

 9, 10 and 11 inches wide will admit of two 

 standard defects, or their equivalent. 



Common inches and over wide. (3 and 

 8 feet long, must work two-thirds in not 

 over two pieces; 10 feet and longer must 

 work tvvo-thirds in not over three pieces. 

 No cutting allowed less than 4 inches wide 

 and 2 feet long, each cutting to have one 

 clear face. 



Culls and 8 feet long must work in 

 three pieces; 10, 12. 14 and 16 feet must 

 work in four pieces. No cutting allowed 

 less than 3 inches wide and 2 feet long, 

 each cutting to have one clear face. Ex- 

 cessive or bad gum spots are serious de- 

 fects, and when excessive in iudgment of 

 inspector must be reduced one or more 

 grades. Ordinary gum spots are no de- 

 fect in common and cull. 



POPLAR. 



Eliminate "the standard knot in poplar; 

 must lie of sound character." 



The combined grades of firsts and sec- 

 onds must not contain less than 50 per- 

 cent of firsts. 



Standard lengths must be 6. 8. 10. 12, 14 

 and 16 feet; firsts and seconds not more 

 than 10 per cent of 10-foot lengths may 

 be allowed in grade of firsts and seconds 

 and sap clear. 



Firsts. 1 to 4 inches in thickness, must 

 be 8 inches and up wide, and clear up to 

 10 inches in width. .\t 11 and 12 inches 



