HARDWOOD RECORD 



29 



<)( any representative, will be in a position to 

 take care of prospective customers, iunl if ]]os 

 sible to make sales. Taken as a wliolo the 

 proposition, nniqne in itself and characteristic 

 of the man who has formulated it. promi.ses 

 «vervthing of advantage to the manufacturer 

 of woodworking macliinery specialties, and 

 evidentiv has nothing to make its ultimate 



success uncertain. It will undoubtedly prove 

 of vast importance in the machinery trade 

 of Chicago, and as the years go by will with 

 a certainty demonstrate that the aliility 

 which has been responsible for the success 

 of the Chicago Machinery K.\chaiige, will 

 carry this new enterprise to the front as an 

 industrial ac-i-niiiiilishment. 



HarVards Practical 



School of Forestry 



There are 2,000 acres of timberland in 

 the town of Petersham, Mass., devoted to 

 [•ractical forestal demonstrations carried 

 out by the Harvard Forest School. The 

 policy followed by the management has 

 been carried on for some time, and it is 

 their purpose first to pay the running ex- 

 ))enses of the tract in question, as far as 

 protection and development are concerned, 

 and secondly to make it serve as a practical 

 working field for the students. The jiro- 

 lessor in charge, one of the first men in 

 the United States Forest Service and a 

 well-known authority on the woods of 

 Massachusetts, has been eminentlj' success- 

 ful in carrying out this policy in the few 

 years during which the tract has been 

 under his supervision. 



Not onl3' do the students have the op- 

 portunity to acquire first hand information 

 relative to the various problems and phases 

 of the profession confronting the jnirely 

 technical forester, but they also are enabled 

 through actual experience in the woods to 

 gain a definite and practical idea of the 

 relation between forestry as a science and 

 lumbering as a business. For instance, the 

 senior class actually carries through the 

 entire process of turning trees into lumber, 

 the students themselves doing the manual 

 labor, incident to sawing down, limliin;;. 

 cross-cutting, skidding and swamping of 

 the trees in the w-oods, and at the inill it 

 is they who take care of every ojieration 

 from the time the log is run onto tlie 

 carriage from the deck to its ultimate des- 

 tination on tlie sticks. The principal cut 

 is of pine for sash and blind stock ami 

 boxboards, which sells readily in Massa- 

 ihnsetts, while of the hardwoods, chestnut 

 is manufactured into ties and planks, and 

 !<sh, black cherry, elm and basswood are 

 liirned into boards. 



While the mill used in these o[)eratii)iis 

 is of necessity of the [lortable, circular 

 \ariety, nevertheless the seniors are enabled 

 to gather data of great value and are 

 further given the ojiportunity to study the 

 relation of each detail to the market re- 

 quirements, and aside from this they make 

 valuable notes on the ediciency of labor 

 and of various kinds of tools of all descrip- 

 tions, both in the woods and the mill op 

 erations. Finally, under the counsel of the 

 jirofessor, they work out the expense and 

 profit. 



The junior class in the meantime follows 

 up the cutting operations of the seniors in 

 the woods and from data which they ob- 

 tain from fallen trees, they compile taper 

 and yield tables, and make their stem 

 analysis. They also have innumerable oji 

 portunities to get an insight into mensura- 

 tion and to make tree and stand estinnites. 



That the policy of the administration of 

 the school which has its [tactical siile. 

 and might very sensibly be applied to any 

 timber land of sufficient stumpage value, 

 has been a wise one is shown by the grati 

 tying growth of seedlings and sjirouts. 

 which have followed in recent years tlu' 

 clearing of areas formerly covered with 

 mixed pine and hardwood. The various 

 (itlier sylvicuitural policies which have licen 

 carried out show equally good results, an 

 excellent growth of seedlings having es- 

 tablished itself under the ])ure pine stands 

 where reproduction thinnings were made 

 three years ago. Considering all things, the 

 school with its policy and the facilities at 

 hand promises to turn out men who will be 

 valuable not only to the forest service but 

 to the practical lumberman as well in solv- 

 ing for him the problem of his future 

 su]iply, 



F. D. Southard, 31. V. S. 



Some Phases of Handle Production 



SAWDUST AJSTD SHAVINGS WASTE 



In a great Miaii\- h;indlt- plants The waste 

 that goes out through the shaving exhaust 

 system is used to generate steam under the 

 boilers "for driving machinery. However, 

 in plants that are operated by gas engines 

 or motors this waste cannot be so utilized, 

 and becomes more or less of a nuisance. 

 At the plant with which the writer is now 



BY H. B. ALEXANDER 



connected electric drives are used entirely, 

 and the disposal of waste from lathes has 

 become quite a problem. In some local- 

 ities, shavings are sought after by livery 

 stable men for use as bedding, but it seems 

 that at this place they will not take them 

 as a gift. 



Consequently we decided to try burning, 

 and so built a small furnace about 8 feet 



long and 4 feet wide, thinking that this 

 would be large enough to take care of 

 our entire waste, and also allow for an 

 increase in the plant. This assumption, 

 however, soon proved itself false, for it 

 was not two months before we found that 

 the furnace was not large enough, and in 

 fait, i]i tliat time it was entirely burned 

 out. Then we built a larger one along the 

 same lines, but after four months' service, 

 it met the same fate as the first. Our third 

 attempt was along much more generous 

 lines. We excavated a hole large and deep 

 ( nougli to bring the top of the arch even 

 with the top of the ground, and built the 

 furnace inside, 8 feet wide. 10 feet long, 

 and 6 feet high above the grate bars, with 

 a clear ash pit 28 inches deep. The side 

 walls and ends were of red brick, l(j inches 

 thick and lined with fire-brick. The en- 

 tire furnace was tied together with iron 

 !ods in every direction. The arch was 

 thi'ii i-OMsti ui-ted with a flat i-ircle of fire- 

 brick. The brick were laid dry on the 

 centers and then slushed with fire-clay. 

 .\nother arch was built on top of this, and 

 after drying the furnace was complete. 



The method of feeding from the machine 

 was a cyclone system with a heavy iron 

 I>ipe, letting them down to the furnace on 

 the grate. It seemed to us that we could 

 make some use of the intense heat gen- 

 erated, for drying purj)Oses, and with this 

 oh.ject in view let a down draft out of 

 the furnace through a fire-clay tile 12 

 inches in diameter. This was run through 

 a building 20x40 feet, being buried bi 

 inches underground. From here it led into 

 a brick stack 40 feet high. That we had 

 the right idea as to the amount of heat 

 otherwise going to waste w'as soon proven. 

 The tiles were so hot that a board placed 

 over them while the furnace was in full 

 blast would take fire inside of two hours. 

 I )n the other hand, unless a ]ierson stood 

 directly over the ]iipe line he might very 

 readily freeze to death in the winter time 

 if he stayed in the building for any period. 

 We estiuuited that there was enough heat 

 generated in the furnace to take care of a 

 hundred horse power boiler in good style. 



While the furnace was constructed with 

 great care as to material and workman- 

 ship, it was a surprising fact that we have 

 never been able to put in an arch that 

 would stand for more than six months. So 

 intense is the heat that it simi)ly pul- 

 verizes the fire-brick, which falls through 

 the grate bars and is raked out with the 

 ashes. Since the tile line proved itself of 

 little value for drying purposes, we 

 straightened it out and led it directly to 

 the stack. Now, at times when everything 

 is running full capacity, there is a solid 

 sheet of flame extending through this 40 

 feet of tile up and out of the stack. 



With the present prices of lumber, it 

 seems to the writer a great waste to burn 

 all this timber with absolutely no benefit 



