40 



HARDWOOD RECORD 



...1 tliesf woods, tbe stumps of coniferous trees 

 arc practically iill that are distilled. The dis- 

 tillation of sawdust and wood refuse has not 

 Iiroved proOtable. because practically all these 

 products in (Jermany come from coniferous 

 woods, which not <mly produce litth' aU-oliol 

 iind pyroli^neous acid, but very little liir and 

 pine oil. 



The "hareoal obtained in Ibe disiillatior. of 

 sawdust, which is the only oilier produ<-i of 

 possible commercial worth, is comparatively val- 

 ueless. becau.se it is in jiowder form, and ef 

 forts to obtain it in briquette form liave a-^ 

 jet proved unsuccessful. 



The apparatus used are. in gener;il. of two 

 varietlc's. with horizontal and upright retorts. 

 'J'be estimated cost of a wood distilling plant 

 having a capacity of 40 cubic meters (1.412 cu- 

 bic fei'tj is .1!L':i.S00. and $11,900 for tb" uec,-,- 

 sary buildings. 



Wood Block for Paving in Berlin 



According tn the report of Consul-iJeueral 

 Thackara of Berlin only about 2 per cent of the 

 street pavements of Berlin are made of wood. 

 The varieties of wood blocks employed that are 

 most used are Swedish pine and. to a more lim- 

 ited extent, the Australian tallow-wood and 

 black butt. Native pine and beech are also used 

 in some Cerman cities, also American cypress 

 and yellow and pitch pine. 



The (lerraan authorities specify llial all woods 

 must be carefully selected and be free from 

 knots and cracks, and it is considered unwise to 

 use in the same section of pavement woods 

 from different countries, or w"ood of different 

 species. To prevent decay these paving blocks 

 ^re impregnated with a zinc chloride solution or 

 creosote oil. 



Tbe German method of eonstrueting wood 

 pavements Is to dip the lower sides of the im- 

 pregnated i)lo(ks with liot tar or asphalt and 

 then ia.v them in a carefully pr;']jar<'d level layer 

 ■ of <'oncrete. which is from si.^ to (>ight inclies 

 <n Ihickncss. 



After the pavement has been laid the sur- 

 ' face is covered v/ith a thin la.ver of asphalt or 

 tar, over which a layer of coarse sand or fine 

 grave] is spread. This, when pressed into the 

 blocks, forms a durable coating, wliicb serves to 

 prolong the life of the pavement. The sand 

 • 'r gravel is usually spread on the pavement 

 "UC" a month. 



If tile pavement is kept ell-;!!! and good ma 

 teriais are used in construciioii. under ordinary 

 conditions of tratlic and weather, tbe surface 

 wears at the rate of about two-teuths of an 

 inch annually. German wood paveinr-nts last on 

 an average from ten to Hfteen years, hut in dark, 

 damp places not ".\posed to sunshine, the blocks 

 decay in half that time. The approximate cost 

 of block pavements in Bi'iiin is tlirei' dollars jier 

 srjuare yard. 



Chicago, and at that meeting several matters of 

 great importance will be fully discussed and 

 passed upon by the Board. 



All members are invited to submit any sug- 

 gestions as to changes in our system of conduct- 

 ing the affairs of the association that may appeal 

 to them as being of possible beneflt to tbe mem- 

 bership as a whole, and may rest a.ssured that 

 their suggestions will have due crmsideratitm. 



Any suggestions that you may see fit to offer 

 should be sent to tbe Chicago office, in order 

 that they may be filed and presented at Ibe 

 l!<iard iiieeliiig. 



A'ery truly yours. 

 KiiKD A. DiGGixs, I'resldent. 



!•■. I'. Fish, Secretary. 



S.\LA11IKI1 IXSPECTORS. FuliT INSPKCTKI). 



Frank R. Buck, Chicago. Ill 1(U,85(i 



.lohn .T. Lorden. Chicago. Ill 230.342 



.1. .1. Sbepard, Chicago. II! 287. 2.51 



I', r. Soiitbgate. Chicago. Ill 172.74'. 



W. C. I.asswell. St. Louis. Mo '' 



A. i:. Metti'r. St. Louis. Mo 



\V. F.. liobiuson. St. Louis. Mo. . . . 



W. T. A'orlh. Memphis. Tenn 



Geo. ('. Teeles. Memphis, Tenn... 

 .\. B. Baker. New Orleans. La.... 

 I'. K. McSmith. New Orleans, La.. 



.1, L. Benson. .Alexandria. La 



I>. F,. Buchanan. Cincinnati. O.... 



.los. Waltman. Louisville. Kv 



C. Ferguson, New York City... 



)li.i:',4 

 :?0!i.70'.i 

 ."i2!i.702 

 IKi.O'.lo 

 1 iiO.."!!)!; 

 145,1(10 

 l,=53,6."iK 

 104.714 

 23.'>.595 

 195.444 

 207.732 



.tos r'atte7'son. Ni'w York City ]3."i..'!72 



.1, L. Stewart. Buffalo. N. Y s(i.4:',1 



II V. Thompson, Philadelphia, Pa 273,!i:i!i 



.1 I Wei'ks. Pittsburg. Pa 2S0.1S9 



II \V. Bowler. Boston. Mass ].-i5.824 



\ ^i Langeluttig. Baltimore. Md 97.951 



■1-iiomas A. Hall. Detroit. Mich .398.100 



.1. .1 Miller. Deti-oit. Mich 289,483 



l.cl liorgeson, Minneapolis, Minn 210,411 



II .\- Hoover. Chief Inspector 37.783 



n.]OC,.on4 



FlilCT iNSrCITKIi. 



10II.44:; 



(ieo it. Dunn. Boston. .Mass 4(i.m7 



Archibald & Hagadorn. Cheboygan. 



Mich 148..,. .1 



.1 K Bvrues. Escannba. Mich 522.22-1 



('has. Ciiristianson. Manistee. Mich . . .1. il0.21 i 



P. Collier. Bo\ne City. Mich ,,!,',i] 



.1 S Coman, Menominee. Mich 41_.4«1 



\V M. Clemens. Thompson. Mich.... l'*''-'!':' 



Grant Harrison. Petoskey. Mich •'•JI'V'!-. 



Peterson & L.ivell, Manistee. Mich.... '—•I '4 



Scott & Rieckboff. Lndingtou. Jlich . . lfi4.->29 



Walter Tillitson. Grand Rapids. Mich. 4of_i.42i 



C. M. Sands. Chattanooga. Tenn iji'-Sj^ 



,1. H. Gcu-iach. Norfolk. Va 38,61 h 



•5.041.000 

 5.106.094 



Fek lNsfi:iroi;s, 



IS. W. Child. Mobile. Ala. 



Private forests constitute the largest part of 

 Sweden's wooded land, and as a rule show the 

 ■ ■ft'ects of overlumbering. To remedy this, legis- 

 lation has lately been in force, and even the 

 cutting of lumber for household purposes may 

 now be said to be under the control of the state, 

 and there are several restrictions upon private 

 forest owners. .\ll forests owned by private per- 

 sons must be lumbered in such a manner tiiat 

 Ibe regrowth of the wood is not endangered, 

 lives felled must be of a certain diameter and 

 a certain height, varying in different parts of 

 the kingdom. Infringement on these regula- 

 tions may entail confiscation of the forest. 



The state has eight schools for forestry in- 

 struction, the chief oli.iect being to give prac- 

 tical knowledge and to train competent rangers. 

 The majority of the pupils who go through 

 these schools enter the sc>rvi<'e of private own- 

 ers of forests. 



According to the report of tbe British Com- 

 missioners of Woods and Forests, Issued August 

 29, 1910, exclusive of land let for building pur- 

 poses, forestures and mineral rights, the crown 

 property in tbe commissioners' charge extends 

 to about o22.7(J7 acres, of which 67,020 acres 

 are under timber. Reviewing the report, a lo- 

 cal newspaper gives the following details : 



■Parts of these woodlands are subject to com- 

 m<m rights, and there are in addition 128,323 

 acres of uninclosed wastes sub.1ect to common 

 rights. The total gross collection on account of 

 income during the year amounted to ,$3,137,452. 

 'I'he expenditure was .$755,446. inclusive of re- 

 payments to capital in respect of advances for 

 permanent improvements and for the purchases 

 of leaseholds. The detailed accounts show a 

 total expenditure on royal forests and wood- 

 lands of $131,395, with receipts of .$107,063. 

 From 14,000 acres in the Isle of Man the re- 

 ceipts were .$14,600 and the expenditure was 

 .$6,326." 



folMl 10.147.00-1 



Coming Association Meetings 



The next annual meeting of the National 

 Veneer i>c Panel Manufacturers' Association will 

 be held at the Auditorium Hotel. Chicago. <ui 

 Tuesday and Wednesday, December 13 and 14. 



The next annual meeting of the National 

 Wholesale Lumber Dealers' Association will be 

 held on Wednesday a-id Thursday. March 1 and 

 2. 1911. at a place as yet undecided upon. 



"Doings" of N. H. L. A. 



Till' UKniitp is in receipt of Ihe following 

 letter from the National Hardwood Lumber Asso- 

 ciation : ' 



ClTH.Miip. li.i... Nov. 15. I'.ilo. 

 We are pleased to eli'-lose the report of our 

 Ofhcial Itispet-tion for ilie month of October, 

 showing Hie total aniounl lianilled to be 10.147. 

 0!I4 feet. 



While this is a very sat isfactory showing, it 



does n<»t ecpial the previous montirs work by 



about a million feel, ami the inspeclions in 



some of till- luark'-ls indicate a very liglit 



a' business. 



However, it has October, 1909. '•beaten to 

 a frazzle." as our reports show a gain of 2.748.- 

 4!I0 feel over the same month of last year, 

 which is indicalive of considerable improvement. 

 Since our last letter we have received lifleen 

 applications for membership, making a total of 

 Hftyeight since the Louisville convention. 



.■\ mei'ting of tbe Board of .Managers of our 

 association has been called for December .s. at 



Woods and Forests of Sweden and the 

 United Kingdom 



i)f the 101.000.000 acres of land in Sweden, 

 fully 51,000.000 acres are in wood. Finland 

 alone of European countries having a greater 

 amount of forests than Sweden. 



How Swedish forests are divided betweeen 

 stale and ju^ivate property can not be stated ex- 

 actly, but it may be said that the crown owns 

 about one-third of Ihe wooded lands. The re- 

 turn of Swedish woods, or the annual growth 

 cupable of being used, has been estimated at 27,- 

 lillO,(IO0 ciiliic meters (953,732,000 cubic feet). 

 The consumption of wood is on the increase, 

 but it is difflciilt to determine whether the 

 cutting and use exceed the production. The area 

 of state forests left to he cut by sawmills 

 amounls to about 250,000 acres. Most of the 

 public forests, and even those which do not be- 

 long to the stale, are under the control of the 

 Forest Service, which administi^rs the state's 

 landed properties also. 



Specimens of Philippine Woods 



So little is known in .\raerica of tbe 400 or 

 more merchantable woods of the Philippine 

 Islands and so difficult is it even for a wood 

 technologist to identify them, that a recent an- 

 nouncement of the Philippine Bureau of Forestry 

 will doubtless be welcomed by student and tim- 

 ber user alike. Arrangements have been com- 

 pleted for the general distribution of samples 

 of all of the Pbilippine woods of any commer- 

 c lal iniportance. and also of a large number of 

 the rare and little known species. Each sample 

 is about 4x6 inches and % in thickness, with 

 uhiiied surfaces. They can be readily fitted into 

 M ens.' or used as desk specimens, paper weights, 

 .ic. .\ii attached label gives the scientific name 

 and Ihe native name by wliicb the wood is most 

 genei^ally known in the Philippines. Samples 

 from the great bulk of the woods are sold at a 

 nominal cost of 10 cents each {V. S. currency), 

 but those which are difficult to replace, or whose 

 hardness or toughness of grain makes them 

 rallu'r expensive to saw out. are sold at 20 

 rents apiece. Tbesi' latler comprise the fol- 

 lowing species : 



Agobo Camuning 



Anubing 



B'tis 



Camagon 



Kuyiis kiiyiis 



I lllllgou 



Elioiiy 

 .\lupag 

 Ilansalaguin 

 liolongela 

 .\n others are sold at 10 ci'iits each. 

 The weiglit of each samjile averages about 

 four ounces, and if they are to be mailed to the 

 United States four cents per sample should be 

 added to the above prices. The postoffice money 

 orders should be made payable- to the Director of 

 Forestry, Manila, P. I. Stamps will not he ac- 

 cepted. 



If the piinliaser wislies he may leave tbe 

 seleelioM of the samples lo ilie Bureau of 



Dalinas 



Dungon-lale 



Ipil 



Liusin 



Mancono 



N'arig 



I )ak 



Palo .Maria 



Sasalit 



I'amayuan 



