Juui> 1(1. 11121 



HARDWOOD RECORD 



19 



ersi. It has bot'D adopted by the Timber Trades Federation of Kaj^land and 

 by the National Lumber ICxporters Association of the United States. This 

 change in method of measurement does not affect the liual result nor the 

 Krade. It is proposefl as a convenience in order to niaiie it possible to use 

 the ordinary board rule. The change, it adopted, will malte the present rule 

 for shorts read as follows ; 



SHOUTS must lie 4" and over wide. 



Standard lengths are 2,''2\:,, 3, :i\k, 4, 4Vj. 5 and o'/s feet. Fractional 

 lengttis other than standard must be measured as of the next lower 

 standard length. Shorts must be measured and tallied as if four times tlie 

 actual standard length and the resulting tally divided by four. 



Pieces 4" and 5" wide must be clear. 



Pieces G" and over wide will admit standard defects according to the 

 above basis of surface measure (four times the actual surface measure) 

 as follows : 



S feet, 1 standard defect or its equivalent. 



IG feet. 2 standard defects or their equivalent. 



22 feet, o standard defects or their equivalent. 



20 feet, 4 standard defects or their equivalent. 

 Paragraph 2 ; 



No. 2 Wagon Stocl<. 

 (See page li)7 present rules.) 



The addition of the following sentence under the caption of .No. 2 Wagon 

 Stocit has Ijeen suggested by the National Implement and Vehicle Associa- 

 tion to remove a cause of misunderstanding witliout changing the present 

 interpretation of the rules : 



Heart and shake will not be admitted. 

 Paragraph a : 



Wagon Bos Hoards. 

 (See page 102 present rules.) 



A request coming from the National Implement and Vehicle Association 

 has been approved by our committee regarding the grade of Box Boards. 

 It is recommended that the words "and checlied" he inserted after the word 

 "warped" in the last paragraph, page 102. Tills would not cliange the 

 present interpretation and if adopted would malse the paragraph mentioned 

 read as follows : 



Woolly Cottonwood and lumber so warped and checised that it cannot be 

 used for box boards must be excluded from this grade. 

 Paragraph 4 : 



Quartered Woods. 



The insertion of the following definition of the terra "Quartered" when 

 used in connection with woods which now have no rules for quartered is 

 recommended : 



In woods where figure is not required, luml>er sliall be considered as quar- 

 tered when the radial grain is at an angle of forty-five degrees or less with 

 80 per cent of one face of the piece. 

 Paragraph 5 : 



Measurement of Strips. 

 (See pages 93 and 96 present rules.) 



Our present rules contain no instructions for the measurement of strips 

 under special inspection. The adoption of the following rule is recom- 

 mended as being in conformity with the interpretation now being used ; 



Strips may l)e %" scant of standard widths wlien shipping dry. In the 

 grades of clear and clear sap strips, tapering pieces must be measured at 

 the narrow end. In the grades of common strips, tapering pieces must be 

 measured one-third the iengtb of the piece from the narrow end. 

 Paragraph 6 : 



Definition of Sound Cutting. 

 (See page 13 present rules.) 



The insertion of the word "heart" after the word "rot" is recommended 

 for the purpose of removing a cause of frequent misunderstanding and is 

 in accordance with the present interpretation. This insertion would malie 

 the paragrapli read as follows ; 



The term SOUND CUTTING as used in these rules means a cutting free 

 from rot, heart, shake and other defects wliich materially impair the 

 strength of the piece. 

 Paragraph 7 : 



Standard Grades. 



Tlie insertion of the following paragrapli under General Instructions is 

 recommended for the purpose of avoiding misunderstanding and promoting 

 the use as far as possible of the exact grade-names as they appear in these 

 rules : 



All lumber shall lie inspected according to these rules as defined under 

 General Instructions and Standard Inspection unless otherwise specified. 

 The rules defined under Special Inspi'ction shall l>e applied only when 

 spe'tilied in the contract between liuyer and seller. The rules under Stan- 

 dard Inspection and Special Inspection shall not be apjilied under any 

 contract which specifies grade names different from those listed herein, 

 except by special agreement between buyer and seller. 



PART II 



CHANGES IN THE PKISSBNT HULKS 



Paragraph 8 : 



Miscut Lumber. 

 (See page 10 present rules.) 

 Owing to the difficulties involved in manufacturing 4" and thicker lum- 

 ber, especially in some woods, it is recommended that the rule defining 

 niiscut lumber l>e amended so as to [)ernilt a variation of Vj" in thickness 



in stock cut 4" and thicker. If ailofited, this paragraph would read as 

 follows ; 



Lumber showing greater variation In thickness between any two points 

 than the following table must be measured at the thinnest part and classed 

 as miscut, and must be graded and reported as such : 



■h" In thicknesses of Mi" or less. 



%" in thicknesses of %" and %". 



Vi" in Ihickncsses of 1" to 2". 



%" in thicknesses of 2%" to 3V4". 



V-" In thicknesses of 4" and thicker. 

 Paragraph 9 : 



No. 2 Axles. 

 (See page 107 of present rules.) 



On suggestion of the National Implement and Vehicle Associallon. that 

 unsounrl knots now admitted by our rules in No. 2 Axles, In connection 

 with other defects admitted, make too poor an axle for practical utilization, 

 it i^ recommended that these unsound knots be eliminated from the present 

 rule. If adopted, this would make the rule read as follows : 



No. 2 .Vxles will admit %" sound knots, 1%" sound knots not less than 

 12" apart, or their equivalent in smaller defects; season cheeks 1" deep 

 and 24" long, end splits not exceeding 8" in length, grain crossing in not 

 less than half the length of the piece, 1" of wane, two grub holes showing 

 on one or two sides, or other defects equivalent to the above. 



Hewn axles shall be measured to square to the size they are ordered. 



Defects at ends of axles that will admit working five feet six Inches to 

 be accepted. 

 Paragraph 11: 



No. 1 Common Mahogany. 

 (See commencing page 51 present rules) 



There are certain diO'erences bctw-een the present grade of No. 1 Com- 

 mon Mahogany and the same grade of Oak and other cabinet woods. 

 Several large Mahogany concerns feel that this condition should be cor- 

 rected, not only because this grade of Mahogany is cut up for practically 

 the same purposes as Oak, but also to make the rules more uniform and 

 easier of application. It is, therefore, recommended that the present rules 

 for No. 1 Common Mahogany be amended to conform to the eighth, ninth 

 and tenth paragraphs under the caption of No. 1 Common Plain Oak on 

 pagfe 59. The rule as amended would read as follows : 



No. 1 Common must be 4" and over wide, G' and over long. 



Pieces 4" wide, 0' and 7' long, must be clear ; 8 to 11' long, must work 

 R6 2/3% clear face in not over two pieces; 12 to 16' long must work 

 06 2/3% clear face in not over three pieces. No piece of cutting shall be 

 less than 2' long by the full width of the piece. 



Pieces G' long, 5" to 8" wide, may have one standard defect : 9" and 

 over wide may have two standard defects. 



Pieces 5" to 7" wide, 7' to 11' long, must work 66 2/3% clear face 

 in not over two cuttings: 12' to 16' long must work 66 2/3% clear face 

 in not over three cuttings. 



Pieces 8" and over wide, 7' to 9' long, must work 66 2/3% clear face 

 in not over two cuttings; 10' to 13' must work on 66 2/3% clear face In 

 not over three cuttings; 14' to 16' must work 66 2/3% clear face in not 

 over four cuttings. 



Each additional 4' In length over 16' long will admit one additional 

 cutting in all widths described above. 



No cutting shall be less than 4" wide and 2' long or 3" wide and 3' long. 



PART III. 

 Additions to the Present Rules. 

 Paragraph 12 ; 



Standard Turning Stock. 

 Special Inspection. 



The Association of Wood Using Industries lias requested that we adopt 

 rules for turning siiuares. They state that the requirements of the wood- 

 turning industry, as shown T)y their surveys, arc normally 1,800, (WO. 000 

 feet per annum and that practically all of this is classed as hardwoods. 

 The rules which they propose are substantially the same as the following 

 recommendations : 



Standard Turning Squares. 



Standard sizes are %" to 2Vi" in multiples of ',s" ; and 2%" to 

 5" in multiples of Vi ". 



Standard lengths are 18" to 24" in multiples of 1", and 24" and over 

 in multiples of 2", but there must not be more than 20% of 24" and 

 shorter. 



Standard grades are No. 1 and No. 2, which are combined as one grade 

 unless otherwise specified. The combined grade must not contain more 

 than 30% of No. 2. 



Standard turning squares must be sawn full size and length when 

 shipping dry. Over size variation of not more than %" shall be allowed. 

 Squares having an oversize variation of more than %" shall be classed 

 as miscut. 



Wane or other defects that will be removed In turning the square to 

 Its working size shall not be considered as defects. End checks not ex- 

 ceeding Vi" in length will not be considered as defects. Sap is no defect 

 unless oth(>rwise specified. No heart will be admitted. 



Otherwise No. 1 Standard Turning Squares must be clear. No. 2 Standard 

 Turning Squares will admit one sound %" knot or its equivalent for each 

 18" of the length of the piece. 



