VIII CONTENTS 



Family Anatidae — Continued. Page 



Pacific eider 102 



Habits 102 



Distribution 107 



Somateria spectabilis 107 



King eider 107 



Habits 107 



Distribution 118 



Oidemia americana 119 



American scoter 119 



Habits 119 



Distribution 127 



Melanitta fusca 128 



Velvet scoter 128 



Habits 128 



Distribution 131 



Melanitta deglandi 131 



White-winged scoter 131 



Habits 131 



Distribution 142 



Melanitta perspicillata 143 



Surf scoter 143 



Habits 143 



Distribution 151 



Erismatura jamaicensis 152 



Ruddy duck 152 



Habits 152 



Distribution 160 



Nomonyx dominicus 161 



Masked duck : 161 



Habits 161 



Distribution 163 



Chen hyperborea hyperborea 164 



Snow goose 164 



Habits - 164 



Distribution 170 



Chen hyperborea nivalis 173 



Greater snow goose 173 



Habits 173 



Distribution . 178 



Chen caerulescens 178 



Blue goose 178 



Habits : 178 



Distribution 184 



Exanthemops rossi 185 



Ross goose 185 



Habits 185 



Distribution 188 



Anser albifrons albifrons__- 188 



White-fronted goose 188 



Habits 188 



Distribution 195 



Anser albifrons gambelli 196 



