32 BULLETIN 130, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



27; Iowa, southern, March 1; Minnesota, Heron Lake, March 6; 

 Alberta, Alix, April 24; Alaska, Cross Sound, April 13, and Craig, 

 May 9; Pribilof Islands, May 19. Average dates of arrival: Penn- 

 sylvania, Renovo, March 18; Massachusetts, March 11; New Bruns- 

 wick and Nova Scotia, March 22; Indiana, central, March 2; Illi- 

 nois, northern, March 21; Michigan, southern, March 31; Ontario, 

 southern, April 7, and Ottawa, April 24; Nebraska, Omaha, March 

 15; Iowa, southern, March 22; Minnesota, Heron Lake, March 26; 

 South Dakota, central, April 8; Manitoba, southern, April 25; 

 Saskatchewan, Osier, May 2; Mackenzie, Fort Simpson, May 11. 

 Late dates of departure: North Carolina, Smith's Island, April 15; 

 Massachusetts, Taunton, May 2; California, Los Angeles County, 

 April 22. 



Fall migration. — Gradual southward movement, mainly inland. 

 Dates of arrival: Ontario, Ottawa, October 26; Nova Scotia, Sable 

 Island, November 7 ; Massachusetts, October 8 ; Rhode Island, Octo- 

 ber 13; Pennsylvania, November 10. Late dates of departure: 

 Alaska, Fort Reliance, October 7; Quebec, Montreal, November 1; 

 Ontario, Ottawa, November 8. 



Casual records. — ^Accidental in southern Greenland (Godhaven, 

 1827, and Frederikshaab, 1891). Two records for Bermuda (No- 

 vember, 1875, and December, 1845). Accidental in Cuba, Porto 

 Rico, and Hawaiian Islands (Maui). 



Egg dates. — British Columbia : Six records, May 15 to June 4. 

 Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba: Five records. May 31 to 

 tfune 11. Alaska : Two records, June 6 and 12. 



CLANGULA HYEMALIS (Linnaeus) 



OLDSQUAW 

 HABITS 



Spring. — Oldsquaws, or long-tailed ducks, as I should prefer to 

 have them called, are lively, restless, happy-go-luckj^ little ducks, 

 known to most of us as hardy and cheery visitors to our winter sea- 

 coasts, associated in our minds with cold, gray skies, snow squalls, 

 and turbulent wintry waves. Though happ}^ and gay enough during 

 the winter, the height of their merriment is seen in the spring or 

 when the first signs of the breaking up of winter announce the com- 

 ing of the nuptial season and arouse the sexual ardor of these warm- 

 hearted little ducks. Early in the spring they become more restless 

 than ever, as they gather in merry flocks in the bays and harbors of 

 the New England coasts; the males, in various stages of budding 

 nuptial plumage and fired with the enthusiasm of returning passion, 

 gather in little groups about some favored female in fantastic pos- 



