LIFE HISTORIES OF NORTH AMERICAN WILD FOWL 293 



Louisiana and Texas, On the Pacific coast from southern Alaska 

 (Dall, Long, and Prince of Wales Islands) southward to southern 

 California (San Diego), A few may winter irregularly in the 

 interior as far north as large bodies of open water may be found. 



S-pHng migration. — Toward the interior and generally northward. 

 Early dates of arrival : Pennsylvania, Erie, March 11, and Williams- 

 port, March 20 ; New York, Lockport, March 20 ; Ontario, Toronto, 

 April 8; Michigan, Detroit, March 14; Wisconsin, Delavan, April 

 1 ; Minnesota, Heron Lake, March 31 and Elk River, April 8 ; Mani- 

 toba, Shoal Lake, April 30; northern Alberta, Athabasca Lake, May 

 IT; Mackenzie, Fort Simpson, May 5, and Fort Anderson, May 18; 

 Melville Island, May 31. Dates of arrival in Alaska: St. Michael, 

 April 27 ; Kowak Eiver, May 11 ; Point Hope, May 21, Late dates of 

 departure: Maryland, Baltimore, May 4; Pennsylvania, Williams- 

 port, May 30. 



Fall migratio'n. — Reversal of spring routes. Early dates of ar- 

 rival: Mackenzie, Great Bear Lake, September 15, and Mackenzie 

 River, October 6 ; Quebec, Cape St. Ignace, October 11 ; Maine, Craw- 

 ford Lake, September 10; New Hampshire, Seabrook, October 18; 

 Massachusetts, Nantucket, October 16; Rhode Island, Quonocontaug 

 Pond, November 9; Maryland, Baltimore, September 26; Virginia, 

 Alexandria, October 15 ; South Carolina, Cooper River, November 21 ; 

 Alaska, Sitka, September 28; Washington, Thurston County, Octo- 

 ber 25; Montana, Teton County, October 31. Late dates of depar- 

 ture: Alaska, St. Michael, October 8, and St. George Island, Octo- 

 ber 17. 



Casual records. — Accidental in Bermuda (1835 or 1836) and 

 Commander Islands (Bering Island, November 3, 1882). Casual 

 in Mexico (near Colonia Diaz, Chihuahua, January 18, 1904, and at 

 Silao, Guanajuato). 



Egg dates. — Arctic Canada: Thirteen records. May 29 to July 5; 

 seven records, June 15 to July 1. Alaska : Ten records. May 17 to 

 July 4; five records, June 4 to 12. 



TRUMPETER SWAN 



CYGNUS BUCCINATOR Richardson 



HABITS 



This magnificent bird, the largest of all the North American wild 

 fowl, belongs to a vanishing race; though once common throughout 

 all of the central and northern portions of the continent, it has been 

 gradually receding before the advance of civilization and agricul- 

 ture; when the great Central West was wild and uncultivated it 

 was laiown to breed in the uninhabited parts of many of our Cen- 



