Hardwood Record — Veneer & Panel Section 



January 10, 1919 



Glue and Glue Substitutes in Germany 



A German technical journal of recent issue states that raw 

 bones are now being made into glue by treatment with sulphur 

 dioxide, the fat being removed with benzine and the mass being 

 boiled in water under pressure. The resulting substance is a 

 very good glue. 



German papers contain numerous advertisements for glue and 

 other adhesives. Frequently the advertisements state that the 

 material is required for army orders. It is understood that no 

 more animal glue is being released for the civilian shoe trade 

 except in limited quantities for the manufacture of artificial sole 

 leather, but that this material is reserved exclusively for factories 

 which are working on military orders. 



According to report the government carefully apportions the 

 limited amounts of different kinds of adhesives among the various 

 consuming trades. The February 10 issue of Bohemia contained 

 an article stating, in regard to the general shortage of dextrin and 

 gum arabic, that the juices from the stems of certain creeping 

 plants and from certain kinds of bulbs, if properly evaporated and 

 treated, would make a very suitable gum substitute for certain 

 purposes. 



Stocks of wax and shellac in Germany are understood to be 

 entirely exhausted. 



years of the tree, but die and disappear later. That condition 

 is often met with in yellow poplar. Birdseye is rather common 

 near the heart of that tree but is rare in the outer portions of 

 larger trunks. The figure may escape notice in poplar because 

 little contrast of color appears; but a close examination will fre- 

 quently reveal it. The figure is most advantageously studied in 

 rotary veneer, no matter what kind of ^vood is under consideration. 



Veneer for Cheese Boxes 



They do not keep separate the wood that is converted into 

 cheese boxes from that made into other dairy equipment, and pre- 

 cise figures cannot be quoted. The cheese box calls for both 

 lumber and veneer, lumber for the top and bottom and veneer for 

 the circular side. The side is formed by a single sheet. The 

 wood used for the veneer depends upon the region where the 

 manufacturing is done; many are suitable, since no special qual- 

 ities are required, other than that no disagreeable odor be present. 

 Among the woods found suitable for the veneer parts of cheese 

 boxes are ash, butternut, bassv^ood, aspen, maple, tamarack, and 

 white pine. The list need not end there, for many others are 

 doubtless suitable. 



Birdseye Figure in Veneer 



A notion prevails among many people that the figure known 

 as birdseye belongs exclusively to maple. It is seen in maple 

 oftener than in other woods, but the figure may occur in a num- 

 ber of trees. The figure is due to abnormal buds which never 

 are able to break through the bark but may live many years in 

 the outer layers of the wood, disturbing the fibers of the new 

 growth and causing the figure which is seen later when the knife 

 or saw cuts across the bud. Many buds persist during the early 



Machines have been invented that will cut wood in veneers of 

 1 I sheets to the inch. That is pretty thin, but some of the lunch 

 counters have machines which will cut meat in slices still thinner. 

 They are used in sandwiches which at the price of ten cents each 

 will make one ham fetch ten thousand dollars. 



By reducing logs to veneer by the rotary or slicing process waste 

 is kept down to the minimum, because no saw dust is produced. If 

 provision is made for utilizing cores, slabs, and other rejected 

 parts, the waste heap gets very little. The careful crating of veneer 

 for shipment prevents breaking and splitting of sheets and further 

 lessens waste. 



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