30d 



HARDWOOD RECORD 



March H). 1019 



four cuttings; pieces S" and over wide, 14' and 

 over long, must work 50% clear face in not 

 over five cuttings. 



4. No cutting to be considered which is less 

 than 3" wide by 2' long 



NO. 3 COMMON 



1. Lengths: 4' and over long. 



2. Widths: 3" and over wide. 



3. Each piece must contain at least 50% 

 sound cutting. 



4. The minimum length of any cutting to be 

 18". The minimum width of any cutting to be 

 3". No cutting to contain less than 72 square 

 inches. 



NO. 4 COMMON 



1. No. 4 Common shall include all lumber not 

 up to the grade of No. 3 Common that can be 

 used for cheap boxing, sheathing, crating, etc. 

 Worm holes are not to be considered defects, 

 and unsound lumber with sufficient substance 

 to hold nails admitted. 



SOCND WORMY 



1. Must grade not below No 1 Common, ex- 

 cepting that worm holes, bird pecks, streaks, 

 small sound knots not exceeding 3/4" in diam- 

 eter and other sound defects which do not ex- 

 ceed in extent or damage the defects described, 

 may be admitted in the cuttings. 

 STRIPS 



1. Grades: Clear, No. 1 Common, No. 2 Com- 

 mon. 



2. Thicknesses: Standard. 



3. Lengths: 6' to 16'. 



4. Widths: 2". 2 1/2", 3". 3 1/2". 4", 4 1/2", 

 5" and 5 1/2". 



5. Inspection on all grades must be made 

 from the good side of the piece. 



6. Measurement must be made at narrow 

 part of strip inside of beveled edges. 



7 Must be tallied widths and lengths on half 

 and even inches; all fractions of less tlian 1/2" 

 dropped. 



CLEAR 



1. Lengths: S' to IG'. 



2. Bright sap is no defect in this grade. 



3. Must have one clear face and two good 

 edges; the reverse face must be sound. 



NO. 1 COMMON 



1. Lengths: 6' to 10'. 



2. Bright sap is no defect in this grade. 



3. Pieces 2", 2 1/2" and 3" wide, 6' and 7' 

 long, must have one clear face and two good 

 edges. 



4. Pieces 2". 2 1/2" and 3" wide, S' to 11' 

 long, must work 66 2/3% clear face in not over 

 three cuttings; pieces 2", 2 1/2" and 3" wide, 

 12' and over long, must work 00 2/3% clear face 

 in not over three cuttings. No cutting to be 

 considered which is less than 2' long by the full 

 width of the piece 



5. Pieces 3 1/2", 4". 4 1/2", 5" and 5 1/2" 

 wide, 6' and 7' long, must have one clear face 

 and two good edges. The reverse face must 

 be sound. 



6. Pieces 3 1/2", 4", 4 1/2". 5" and 5 1/2" 

 wide, 8' to 11 ' long, must work 06 2/3% clear 

 face in not over two cuttings; pieces 3 1/2", 4", 

 4 1/2", o" and 5 1/2" wide, 12' and over long, 

 must work G6 2/3% clear face in not over three 

 cuttings. No cutting to be considered which is 

 less than 3" wide and 2' long. Both edges of 

 the cutting in this grade must be good and 

 the reverse face of cutting must be sound. 



NO 2 COMMON 



1. Lengths: 6' to 10'. 



2. Bright or sound discolored sap is no de- 

 fect in this grade. 



3. No, 2 Common Strips must work 50% clear 

 face; no cutting to be considered which is less 

 than 2" wide by 2' long. The reverse face of 

 cuttings must be sound. 



STEP PL.4NK 



1. Grades: First and Seconds and Common. 



2. Widths: 11" to 15". 



3. Thicknesses: 1 1/4". 1 1/2" and 2". 



4. Lengths: 10' to 16'. 



FIRSTS AND SECONDS 

 1. Firsts and Seconds must be clear one face 

 and one edge. The reverse side and one edge 

 m.ust be sound. Firsts and Seconds mav have 

 a split not exceeding 12" in length. Bright sap 

 admitted on the face side up to one -third the 

 width of the piece. 



COMMON 



1. Must work 66 2/3% in cuttings 4' or over 

 long by the full width of the piece. Each cut- 

 ting must have one face and one edge clear; 

 the reverse face and edge must be sound. 



2. Bright sap is no defect in this grade. 



BRIDGE PLANK 

 NO. 1 BRIDGE PLANK 



1. Must be 6" and over wide, 8' and over 

 long. 



2. 2" and thicker may be one-fourth of an 

 inch scant in thickness exct:'pt when otherwise 

 specified. One face and two edges must be 

 sound, excepting that slight wane, sound heart 

 and an occasional grub or knot hole will be 

 accepted. 



3. The reverse face may contain defects that 

 do not seriously impair the strength of the 

 piece in working its full width and length 



NO. 2 BRIDGE PLANK 

 1. May contain all pieces not up to the grade 

 of No. 1 Bridge Plank, but there must not b© 

 more than 25% waste in any piece. 



SOIND SQUARE EDGED PLANKS AND 

 TIMBERS 

 1. Sound square edged plank and timbers shall 

 be sawed to specified sizes and free from unsound 

 defects which prevent the working of the piece in 

 the full width and length for the purpose in- 

 tended. Sound heart boxed or showing on the 

 surface, worm holes, an occasional grub or knot 

 hole (not extending through the piece), or slight 

 wane on one or two corners mav be admitted 



PLAIN SAWN FLITCH 



1. Lumber shall be graded according to the 

 general rule applying to the kind of lumber in- 

 spected, with the exception that it must be meas- 

 ured on the narrow or sap side in the center of 

 the piece inside the wane or bark, and graded into 

 any of the grades of No. 3 Common and Better 

 to which its quality entitles it. There is no re- 

 striction to heart in the grades of Common. 



2. THIS RULE DOES NOT APPLY TO VE- 

 NEER FLITCH. 



VEHICLE LUMBER AND DIMENSION 

 1. Scattered pin worm.s, .-jpot or flag worm 

 holes in net more than tliree to a cluster, not 

 less than 12" apart, sound bird peck, sound small 

 knots not over 1/4" in diameter, sap and streaks 

 shall not be considered defects in the grade of 

 Firsts and Seconds or in the cuttings of the Com- 

 mon grades. There shall be no restrictions as to 

 heart in the common grades. 



FIRSTS AND SECONDS 



1. Firsts and Seconds are a combined grade 

 and mu.'^t be 4" and over wide. 8' and over long. 



2. Pieces 4" wide mu.-jt be free from defects. 

 Standard defects admitted in pieces 5" and over 

 wide, according to the surface measure, as fol- 

 lows: 



r>'. 1 .standard defect or its equivalent. 



8', 2 standard defects or their equivalent. 

 12', 3 stand2.rd defect.? or their equivalent. 

 17', 4 standard defects or their equivalent. 

 No. 1 COMMON 



1. No. 1 Common niust be 4" and over wide, 4' 

 and over long; not to exceed 5% of 4" widths, or 

 107r of 4" and 5" widths. 



2. Pieces 4' and 5' long must be free of de- 

 fects. 



3. Pieces 4" to 7" Wide, C to 11' long, must 

 work 66 2/39f in not over two cuttings; piece.s 4" 

 to 7" wide. 12' to 16' long, must work 66 2/3% in 

 not o\'er three cutting.^. 



4. Pieces S" a.nd over wide, 6' to 9' long, must 

 work 66 2/3% in not over two cuttings; pieces 8" 

 and over wide. 10' to 13' long, must work 66 2/3% 

 in not over three cuttings; pieces 8" and over 

 wide, 14' to 16' long, must work 66 2/39/ in not 

 over four cuttings. 



5. Each cutting to be not less than 3" wide by 

 3' long. 



No. 2 COMMON 



1. No. 2 Common must be 3" and over wide, 4' 

 and over long. 



2. Pieces 3" to 7" wide, 4' to 10' long, must 

 work 50% in not over three cuttings; 11' to 16' 

 long must work 50% in not over four cuttings. 



3. Pieces 8" and over wide, 4' to 9' long, must 

 work 50% in not over three cuttings; 10' to 13' 

 long, must work 50% in not over four cuttings; 

 14' and over long, must work 509c in not over 

 five cuttings. 



4. No cutting to be considered which is less 

 than 3" wide by 2' long. 



SELECT CAR STOCK 



For Passenger, Refrigerator and Locomotive 

 Work 



1. Thickness cut to order, widths cut to order, 

 lengths cut to order. Unless otherwise noted, 

 must be cut from White Oak. This stock, wher- 

 ever practical, should be cut outside of the heart 

 and mu.st be free of heart shake in pieces under 

 6" square. No attempt should be made to box 

 the heart in pieces smaller than 5" by 7" unless 

 heart is very small and tight. "When heart is 

 well boxed it must be firm and tight, and the 

 center of the heart must not be nearer than 2" 

 from any face; must be sawed full to sizes with 

 square edges, and cut from sound timber and 

 free from worm holes, with the exception of a 

 few small pin worm holes well scattered, and an 

 occasional spot worm. None of these defects, 

 however, to affect the serviceability of the piece 

 for the purpose intended. Must be free from split, 

 rot or dote, large, loose, or unsound knots, or in 

 other words, free of all defects affecting the 

 strength and durability of the piece. Sound 

 standard knots, well scattered, not considered a 

 defect. 



FREIGHT CAR STOCK 



1. Freight car dimensions, including all cars 

 other than refrigerator and passenger cars. Sizes 

 cut to order. Unless otherwise ordered, must be 

 sawed from good merchantable White or Red Oak 

 timber. This stock mu.«t be free of rot. shake 

 and splits, large, loose, rotten or unsound knots, 

 any of which will materially impair the strength 

 and durability of the piece for the purpose in- 

 tended. This stock is intended to work full size 

 and length without waste for side posts, braces, 

 and end sills and plat.-s. drafting timbers, cross 

 ties, etc.. used in the construction of ordinary 

 freight or stock cars. On pieces 3" by 4" or equiv- 

 alent girth measurement and larger (nothing 

 under 2" thick), heart check showing on one cor- 

 ner or side admitted on 20*:/ of the pieces in each 

 car shipment. Well boxed sound hearts admitted 

 in this material in pieces 5" by 6" and larger. 



2. On pieces 3" by 4" to 6" by 6". inclusive, or 

 equivalent girth measurement and larger (noth- 

 ing under 2" thick), in absence of heart defects, 

 wane on one corner, 3/4" side measurement, ad- 

 mitted on not to exceed 20% of the number of 

 pieces in each car shipment. 



3. Pieces over 6" by 6" square may contain 1" 

 wane, side measurement, on one corner with other 

 conditions same as 3" by 4" to 6" by 6" sizes. 



SWITCH TIES 



1. Sawed switch ties shall be 6xS", 7x!t", 8x10". 

 or other standard sizes as specified, in lengths 

 varying 1' or 6", as the case may be, and should 

 be trimmed not to exceed 1" and under, ur 3" and 

 over. lengths specified. Must be sound timber. 



2. As with other material under these rules, 

 stock should be cut substantially full size, but to 

 cover the necessary variation in the manufacture 

 a reasonable percentage not to exceed 1/4" scant 

 green, or 1/2" scant when dry will be accepted. 



3. Reasonably sound tight heart will be ad- 

 mitted on one side, edge or corner, provided other 



faces are solid. Large sound knots, pin or spot 

 worm holes, or occasional knot or grub holes are 

 no defect. Wa.ne allowed on one or more corners 

 part or full length, provided that in the aggre- 

 gate it does not reduce the bearing face to an av- 

 erage of more than IV2" under the width specified. 

 CROSSING PLANK 



1. Must be 6" and over wide, 8' and over long. 



2. 2" and thicker may be 1/4" scant in thick- 

 ness, except when otherwise specified. One face 

 and two edges mu,<it be sound, excepting that 

 slight wane, sound heart and an occasional grub 

 or knot hole will be accepted. 



3 The rever.se face may contain defects that 

 do not s.rinusly impair the strength of the piece 

 in wi.rkint; Us full width and length. 



QUARTER SAWN RED AND WHITE OAK 



1. Thicknesses and lengths: Standard. 



2. Widths: '3" and over wide. 



3. In the grade of Fir.sts and Seconds 1" of 

 bright sap in the aggregate is no defect; each ad- 

 ditional 1" of bright sap in the aggregate must be 

 considered as one standard defect. 



4. Bright sap is no defect in Selects and Com- 

 mon grades. 



5. 10% of Quartered Oak may be 1/16" scant 

 on one edge provided the other side is full stand- 

 ard thickness when shipping dry. 



6. Firsts and Seconds and Selects in Quarter 

 Sawn Oak must show figure on one face not less 

 than rtO^f. in the aggregate. The cutting.s in No. 

 1 Common and No. 2 Common must show figure 

 on one face. 



FIRSTS 

 1. Firsts must be 6" and over wide, 8' and 

 over long. Pieces 4' to it' surface measure must 

 be clear. Pieces 10' to US' .surface measure may 

 have one standard defect or its equivalent. Pieces 

 16' and over surface measure may have two 

 standard defect.s or their eiiulvalent. 

 SECONDS 



1. Seconds must be (i" and over wide. 



2. Standard defects are admitted according to 

 surface mea.-jure as follows: 



5', 1 standard defect or its equivalent. 



S', 2 standard defects or their equivalent. 



12'. 3 standard defects or their equivalent. 



16'. 4 standard defects or their equivalent. 



20', .'( standard defects or their equivalent. 



SELECTS 



1. Lengths: 6' and over long, not over 30% 

 under 1^2' and not to exceed 57c of 6' and 7'. 



2. Widths: 5" and wider. 



3. Inspection to be made from the good side 

 of the piece. Pieces 6' and 7' must be clear one 

 face and sound on the reverse side. 



4. Pieces o" and over wide, 8' and over long, 

 must grade not below .seconds on the best face. 

 The reverse side of pieces 8' and over long must 

 work at least 80% sound. 



5. This grade may also include pieces other 

 than those described above, below the grade of 

 seconds, that will work at least SO^t clear face, 

 as follows: 12' and shorter, two cuttings; 13' and 

 longer, three cuttings. 



6. The minimum length of any cutting to be 

 IS". The minimum width of any cutting to be 3". 

 No cutting to contain less than 144 square inches. 



No, 1 COMMON 



1. Widths: 3" and wider. 



2. Lengths: 4' and longer, but not more than 

 107c may be 4', 5', 6' and 7' lengths, not exceed- 

 ing 57. of 3" widths. 



3. Pieces 4' and H' long must be clear. 



4. Pieces 3" and 4" wide, 6' and T long, must 

 be clear. 



5. Pieces 3" and 4" wide, 8' to 16' long, must 

 work (;fi 2/37^ clear face in not over two pieces in 

 cuttings 2' and over long by the full width of 

 the piece. 



6. Pieces 6' long. ">" to 8" wide, may have one 

 standard defect; pieces 6' long. 9" and over wide, 

 may have two standard defects. 



7. Pieces 5" to 7" wide, 7' to 11' lung, must 

 work 66 2/37r clear f:ice in not oevr two cuttings: 

 pieces 5" to 7" wide, 12' and over long, must work 

 66 2/37 clear in not over three cuttings. 



S. Pieces 8" and over wide. 7' to U' long, must 

 work 66 2/3 7r clear face in not over two cuttings; 

 pieces 8" and over wide. 10' to 13' long, must 

 work 66 2/37 clear face in not over three cut- 

 tings; pieces 8" and over wide, 14' and over long, 

 must work 66 2/37c clear face in not over four 

 cuttings. 



9. No cutting to be considered which is less 

 than 4" wide by 2' long, or 3" wide by 3' long. 

 No. 2 COMMON 



1. No. 2 Common must be 3" and over wide, 4' 

 and over long, but not more than 107. of 4' and 5' 

 lengths admitted in this grade. 



2. Pieces 3" to 7" wide, 4' to 10' long, must 

 work 507 clef.r face in not over three cuttings; 

 pieces 3" to 7" wide, 11' and over long, must work 

 507 clear face in not over four cuttings. 



3. Pieces 8" and over wide, 4' to 9' long, must 

 work 507r clear face in not over three cuttings; 

 pieces 8" and over wide, 10' to 13' long, mu.st 

 work 507r clear face in not over four cuttings: 

 pieces S" and over wide. 14' and over long, must 

 work 507r clear face in not over five cuttings. 



4. No cutting to be considered which is less 

 than 3" wide by 2' long. 



No. 3 COMMON 



1. Lengths; 4" and o\er long. 



2. Widths: 3" and over wide. 



3. Each piece must contain at least 50% sound 

 cutting. 



4. The minimum length of any cutting to be 

 18". The minimum width of any cutting to be 3", 

 No cutting to contain Less than 72 square inches. 



No. 4 COflLMON 

 1. No. 4 Common shall include all lumber not 

 up to the grade of No. 3 Common that can be used 

 for cheap boxing, sheathing, crating, etc. Worm 

 holes are not to be considered defects, and un- 

 sound lumber with sufficient substance to hold 

 nails admitted. 



