Xoveinber 10. 1921 



HARDWOOD RECORD 



17 



develops a lower grade board than any of the other three sides 

 shown, he should change, always working on the highest grade 

 surface of the log. By doing this the average selling price can be 

 increased ten percent. 



Cut for Quality 



You had better cut for QUALITY' r.-ither than for QTTANTITY. 

 It is more profitable. 



Another point your sawyer should be instructed upon is that 

 when a log develops knots and defects, to always place the log 

 on the carriage so that the knots and defects will occur on the 

 edge of the boards sawn as much as possible. This will enable 

 edging off knots and defects, thereby raising the board in grade. 

 To be sure, as you continue sawing, the knots will keep developing 

 nearer the center of the board (See dotted knot angles, Fig. (i, 

 Sheet 1). Then turn down and saw on the other side, bringing the 

 location of the knots again to the edge of the board, and repeat 

 as shown in diagram. (Fig. 6, Sheet 1.) 



Another point to instruct your sawyer to remember is that a 

 crack running obliquely across the board will close up in seasoning, 

 while a crack occurring in the board at right angles to its face will 

 continue to split farther into the board in seasoning. Avoid as 

 far as practicable right angle cracks in the board when sawing, 

 thus, for illustration, see Fig. 7, Sheet 2. 

 Ties and Dimension 



When sawing for ties, try and have cracks come diagonally 

 across the end of the tie (See Fig. 2, Sheet 1. Not as shown in 

 Fig. 8, Sheet 2.) 



When placing log on carriage with three-way cracks, place as 

 shown in Fig. 1, Sheet 1. (See diagram.) When placing logs on 

 carriage with heart cracks, hollows, knots, shakes and defects, see 

 diagrams. Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, Sheet 1. Also for method of 

 sawing out taper, see Fig. 7 and 8, Sheet 1. (See dotted line) and 

 for produced boards in this method, see Fig. 9 and 10, Sheet 1. 



In sawing Oak logs, it is customary when cutting ties, crossing 

 plank or building timbers to stop cutting into boards as shown by 

 broken hatched lines in Figs. 2 and 3, Sheet 1, producing same box 

 hearting as far as possible. Otherwise cut as shown in Figs. 4 

 and 5, Sheet 1. 



Quarter Sawing Oak 



When quarter sawing, place log on carriage to cut as shown in 

 Figs. 1 and 3, Sheet 2, but you will find it more profitable to 

 place as shown in Fig. 1, instead of Fig. 3, Sheet 2, as you will 

 obtain a wider run of quartered lumber, a greater amount of feet 

 of good figured lumber and more feet produced from the log. 



It is also very important when quarter sawing Butt Oak logs 

 which nearly always have considerable taper, to telescope your 

 knees so as to take the first slab off to show as even width face 

 as possible, and of sufficient width to a good flat bearing on the 

 blocks when setting out to take your first ilitch. In taking off your 

 first flitch ("A"), telescope your knees so as to divide the taper 

 on the log in one-half, so, after sawing through and on past the 

 heart, the remaining flitch ("B") will absorb the remaining half 

 of the taper. When doing this and you come to saw up, quartering 

 your flitches as shown in Fig. 2, Sheet 2, your boards will be 

 tapered, and, as the best quartered figure shows near the saw edge 

 of all your quartered boards, this will give your edger the leeway 

 to edge off the taper on the plainer figured or heart edge of the 

 boards, and you will produce better figured boards all through your 

 ])roduetion. (For this edger process see Fig. 4, Sheet 2, as shown by 

 dotted line.) 



After flitch ("A") is taken off and thrown back on the skids, 

 saw on through and passing the heart as shown in Fig. 1, Sheet 2, 

 until you begin to loose the quartered figure. Then with flitch 

 C'B") still on the carriage, cant back, throwing flitch in position 

 as shown in Fig. 2, Sheet 2 (dotted lines). There will be less loss 

 in feet in sawing as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet 2, than if sawn 

 as shown in Fig. 3, Sheet 2. 



In plain sawing clear or high grade logs in poplar, chestnut and 

 other varieties, saw as shown in Figs. 1, 4 and o, Sheet 1, and you 

 will find a wider average run of lumber produced, and a class of 

 lumber free from bad cracks, and when sawing logs with a few- 

 scattered knots, as shown in Fig. 6, Sheet 1, you wiU produce more 

 high grade lumber from your knotty logs. 



Chestnut 

 In sawing butt chestnut logs (and all butt logs contain consider- 

 able taper and many of them have ring shakes) it is very impor- 





tip,i 



Kg 4 



Fig. 1 — Shows the Most Desirable Way 

 to Quarter Saw Your Oak Logs 



Fig. 2 — Shows Method of Cutting Up 

 Your Flitches "A" and "B" 



Fig. 3 — Shows a Second Way to Quar- 

 ter; Not as Desirable as Fig. 1 



Fig. 4 — Shows Method of Edging Your 

 Quartered Board 



Fig. 5 — Shows Method of Sawing Bass- 

 wood and Buckeye 



Fig. 6 — Shows Method of Sawing a Ring 

 Shake Log 



Fig. 7 — Shows Method of Sawing Log 

 With Lightning Streak or Wormy 



Fig 8 — Shows the Improper Way to 



Have Heart Cracks Occur in Sawing 



Ties. Crossing Plank and Timbers 



Fi^.8. 



