March 2u. 1!)1S 



HARDWOOD RECORD 



33 



(Continued from page tS) 

 tion generally expressed by the term "in the white." The posts 

 are maple, either hard or soft; the rounds or dowels are of hickory. 

 If there are rockers they may be of beech. The bottoms are woven 

 of thin ribbons of hickory. The posts of the chairs are steamed, 

 bent and placed in clamps, where they remain until they become 

 rigidly set in the desired form. They never change shape after- 

 wards. 



The posts are steamed and made soft before the rounds are 

 driven in. When thus softened the rounds, that are one-sixteenth 

 of an inch larger in diameter than the holes which are to receive 

 them, may be driven in without splitting the posts, and when the 

 posts become dry they hold the rounds so tightly that it is next ro 

 impossible to withdraw them. 



The Xcstor shop uses a peculiar shaped round, which it claims as 

 its own invention. The end of the round, where it is inserted in 

 the post, is turned on the lathe in a way to leave an enlarged 

 band or ring of wood, which locks the round in place when the 

 shrinkage of the post occurs, and it never comes loose. It takes 

 the place of the wedge which is sometimes inserted by other 

 makers in the end of a round in such a way tliat it tightens as the 

 round is driven in. 



The chair bottom material consists of ribbons of hickory, six or 

 eight feet long, split to a thickness of a sixteenth of an inch and 

 about half an inch wide. The Nestor shop has devised a planing 

 machine to dress both sides and both edges of these wood ribbons 

 at a single operation. It is probably the smallest planing machine 

 ever invented for woodworking. It weighs six or eight pounds and 

 is operated by hand power. Hickory is by all odds the best wood 

 for such chair bottoming material. 



Other Articles MANUPACTtjEED 

 The shop does a good business in wagon and buggy spokes with 

 which to supply neighboring blacksmith shops where the vehicle 

 repairing is done. Large spokes are of ash, the small of hickory. 

 An occasional wooden pulley is needed in the neighborhood, and 

 these are made of black gum (Nyssa sylvatica), which may be had 

 in any size needed on the surrounding hills. 



Mauls have been mentioned. The shop makes these of the burls 

 of rock or chestnut oak {Quercus prinus). A maul of a size to suit 

 a post splitter sells for $1.25, and a hand maul for fifty cents. 

 Burls suitable for mauls are scarce, and one may hunt a long time 

 without finding any. They are apt to occur on the trunks of 

 chestnut oaks which grow on the sterile tops of mountains or on 

 poor, stony land. The burl is sliced from the trunk with a saw. 

 One in the shop was examined. The rings of growth indicated that 

 it had grown nine inches in diameter in eleven years — that is, each 

 ring was nearly half an inch broad, and it consisted almost wholly 

 of dense "summer wood" (the wood that grows late in the season, 

 and therefore hardest and toughest). The texture of the burl re- 

 sembled horn more than wood. The man who buys such a maul for 

 $1.2.5 and wears it out busting rails will get his money's worth. 



The same might be said of the ax handles that sell for twenty- 

 five cents each. One such is worth a dozen of the kind frequently 

 sold in stores and which snap when they receive the first severe 

 twist. This shop uses nothing but rapid growth hickory for ax 

 handles, and the wood must be white — so white that when polished 

 it looks and feels more like ivory than wood. It is not possible to 

 get hickory of that class in all parts of hickory's range. Soil and 

 climate must be suitable. 



The spinning wheels sell for $3.50, and are made of oak, maple 

 and black locust, with distaff of dogwood. Of late years the mail- 

 order houses are selling wheels of that pattern, but they are fac- 

 tory made, and according to Mr. Nestor, are not worth half what 

 his are worth, and for ease of running cannot be compared with 

 his, which are hand-made. 



Crosscut saw handles of hickory belong to the output. Single- 

 trees of the same wood are sold to teamsters on the roads and in the 

 lumber camps. Canthook handles are of hickory, both white and 

 red, and they are turned green because the wood works more easily 

 in that state. Buyers make no choice between the white sapwood 



and red heartwood. Hammer and hatchet handles are made of 

 hickory waste left over from the larger operations, and buggy 

 polos and shafts of long, straight hickory stock. 



The Nestor shop specializes on baseball bats made from spotted 

 maple {Acer pennsylvanicum) which meets the approval of local 

 teams, but has not had much demand away from home. This is 

 quite a small tree and is usually ignored by lumbermen. It abounds 

 in rich mountain coves six or seven miles from St. George. 



Bilttnore Forestry School Men Prominent in Service 



The latest Issue of the Biltinc.rraii gotten cut l>.v the Alumni of the 

 erstwhile Biltmore Forestry School, formerly maintained by Dr. C. A. 

 Schenk at Biltmore, N. C, contains the list of former Biltmore men who 

 are now in the National service. The notable thing about the list Is the 

 large percentage of men who hold conmilssions. This speaks very well of 

 the character of men who attended Dr. Schenk's school and of the training 

 they have received. 



The list includes, according to present figures, the following : 



Me.tandcr, Bon 1st Lieut., .Vviation Corps. 



.Armstrong. Carroll W Quartermaster's Department. 



Armstrong, Ralph n Sergt., E.\peditlo)iary Force. • 



Atkinson, B. Stanley 2nd Lieut., Fort Grant, Panama. 



Ballard. Edward II Aviation Service. 



Bentley. George \ Capt., Quartermaster's Department. 



Berry, Swift Forest Service. 



Breen, Lott R U. S. Inf., Camp DIx. 



Bristol. Jav R 20th Kngineers (Forestry). 



Camphell, .lohii W 2nd Lieut., Battery C. 330th F. A, 



Carpenter, Herbert W Vancouver Barracks, Washington. 



Chadburn. H. N., Jr American .Vmbuiance Corps (Italy). 



Colleilge, Edw. W 1st Lieut., U. S. R. Engineers. 



Crowell, Lincoln J (Yale '09, Bilt. '11), 1st Lieut., 20th Engineers 



( Forestry ) ' 



Dorrance, J. Gordon 2nd Lieut., Co. B., U. S. R. Engineers. 



Dubois, Coert Major, 10th Engineers (Forestry). 



Dunbar, Roger 20th Engineers (Forestry). 



Dunning, Carroll W Capt., Quartermaster's Department, Greenville, 



S. C. 



Dunning, Earic Quartermaster's Department. 



Dunston, Clarence R 1st Lieut., U. S. Indian Sendee. 



Crockett, Kirk Co. B., 102nd U. S. Int. (France). 



Egnor, James W MacCormack State Park. Indiana. 



Estill, Davis H Capt., SOth Div. Depot Brig., Camp Lee, Va. 



Emerson, Fred D 181st .\ero Squadron, Kelly Field No. 2, So. San 



Antonio, Tex. 



Eldredgp. Inman F Capt.. 10th Engineers (Forestry). 



■Euchnerf, William n 2nd Lieut., Aero Squadron, Kelly Field No. 1, So. 



San .\ntonio, Tex. 



Fullenwlder, W. G Corp.. Co. B, 10th Engineers (Forestry). 



Uforhart. Paul C 1st Lieut., 316th F. A. 



Gile, Richard D 2nd Lieut., 10th U. S. Cav. 



Given, J. B 1st Lieut., 316th F. A. 



Gooding, Guy K Sergt., Co. 10, Wisconsin State Guard. 



Hall, Stanley B Capt., 301st Amm. Tr.. Camp Devins, Mass. 



Hammond, Charles P. ..... 20th Engineers (Forestry). 



Heath. Frank Capt., 361st Inf., Camp Lewis, Wash. 



Hutchinson, Newbold 2nd Lieut., M. C. Training Camp, Camp Joseph ' 



E. .lohnston, Fla. 



Johnson, .\nsel R. H Naval Aviation Section. 



Kilmer, William F Co. B, Signal Corps, Camp Sheridan, Ala, 



Lafon, John Capt., 10th Engineers (Forestry). 



Llttlefleld, Theron R Corp., Headquarters Company, 340th F. A., 



Camp Funston, Kansas. 



Lockwood, Milton K 1st Lieut., School of Military Aeronautics, 



Austin. 'Tex. 



Marston, Charles 10th Engineers (Forestrv). 



Mershon, W. B., Jr Sergt., Cu. C. 10th Engineers (Forestrv). 



Merrill, James D 2nd Lieut., 342nd Inf., Camp Grant, 111. 



Modisette, W. M Capt., Sth U. S. Cav., Alcatraz Island, San 



Francisco, Cal. 



Moore, Louis R Sergt., 10th Canadian Engineers (Forestry), 



Morse, Harrison H Co. 9, 161st Depot Brig., Camp Grant. 111. 



Myers, Reynolds V Sergt., Co. C. 10th Engineers (Forestrv). 



Narramore, David C Lieut., 10th Engineers (Forestry). 



Oaklenf, Howard B Capt., Signal Corps, Reserve. 



Orr. Ronald II 20th Engineers (Forestry). 



Otis, David B 2nd Lieut., 30Sth Machine Gun Company, Camp 



Dlx. 



Partridge, Herbert E Troop C, 1st Mass. Cav. 



Ross, Robert M 20th Engineers (Forestry). 



Schiiize, G. A School of Mllltarv .\eronautics, Atlanta, Ga. 



Silverthorn, R Co. 10, Wisconsin State Guard. 



Stutz. Jerome B 10th Engineers (Forestrv). 



Shawhan. II. W ■ 1st Lieut., Fort Caswell. Cape Fear, N. C. 



Sullivan, Jerry, Jr School of Mllltarv Aeronautics, Atlanta, Ga. 



Tarily. Albert H New England (10 Mills Unit), Scotland. 



Thompson, George W Signal Corps, .\vlatlon Service (Spruce Produc- 

 tion Div.). 



Vnje. J. H., Jr Co. A. 9th Battalion. 2nth Engineers (Forestry). 



Walter, R. Irving Camp Wadsworth, Spartanburg, S. C. 



Wi'lby, Harry II loth Engineers (Forestry). 



Wilson, Perry M Co. 10, Wisconsin State Guard. 



Withlngton, Geo. J New England (10 Mills Unit), Scotland, 



The Value of Lightning Rods 



The lightning rod has been the subject of many a Joke, but the National 

 Lumber Manufacturers' Association treats the matter seriously in a 

 bulletin recently Issued. Plans are shown for placing the rods on build- 

 ings of various .shops so that the points most exposed to the stroke of 

 lightning will receive the best protection. The bulletin presents figures 

 showing property losses due to lightning. 



