384 THE CRESTf:D PENGUIN. 



and the thousands of birds there killed for the sake of the breast 

 feathers, which are very warm and elastic, and the quantities of eggs 

 there collected amount to almost incredible numbers. The summer 

 and winter dress of the Razor-bill, though dififerent, do not vary so 

 remarkably as the plumage of many other birds. In the summer 

 dress, the white streak which goes from the bill to the eyes becomes 

 very pure; and the cheeks, throat, and upper part of the front of the 

 neck are of a deep black, shaded with red. In winter the throat and 

 forepart of the neck are white. 



OF THE PENGUINS IN GENERAL. 



Their bill is strong, straight, furrowed at the sides, and bent to- 

 wards the point. The nostrils are linear, and 

 placed in the farrows. The tongue is covered 

 with strong spines, pointing backward. The 

 wings are small, not unlike fins, and are cov- 

 ered with feathers no longer than those of the 

 rest of the body. The body is clothed with 

 thick short feathers ; which have broad shafts, 

 and are placed almost as compactly as scales. 

 The legs are short and thick, situated back- 

 wards, near the tail. The toes are four, all 

 placed forward; the interior ones are loose, 

 and the rest webbed. The tail is very stiff, 

 consisting of broad shafts scarcely webbed. pengdin. 



The Penguins seem to hold the same place in the southern parti 

 of the world, that the Auks do in the northern. They resemble 

 these birds in almost all their habits : they walk erect, and are very 

 stupid. They also resemble them in color, and in their mode of 

 feeding, and of making their nests. From the extreme shortness 

 of their wings, they are altogether incapable of flying. They swim 

 with great swiftness; and are fortified against the effects of a long 

 continuance in the cold water, by an abundance of fat. They hatch 

 their young-ones in an erect position ; and cackle like Geese. 



THE CRESTED PENGUIN. 



Tne Crested Penguins are inhabitants of several of the South Sea 

 Tsknds. They have the names of Hopping Penguins, and Jumping 

 Jacks, from their action of leaping quite out of the water, sometimes 

 ^o the height of three or four feet, on meeting with any obstacle in their 

 course. All the Penguins, while swimming, sink above the breast, 

 rhe head and neck only appearing out of the water ; and they row 

 diemselves along with their finny wings as with oars. 



This species have a greater air of liveliness in their countenance than 

 almost any of the others : yet they are verr stupid birds, and so re- 

 gardless of their own safety, as even to sufrer any person to lay hold 

 *»£ ihem When provoked, they erect their crest in a very beautifiiJ 



