20 



HARDWOOD RECORD 



ini.% 



.a<l. 

 I :„l : M T.ll City. 



1 , .. .. A , r" lUulr. 



.... r^-. J iH>' 



I'.itt. 1 \ .V • llnuir, 



I: .\. C. Kluti I'liiiiliii: .Mill. Trrn* 



I I . RoauD. Ilaulp. 



V \\ ri.. I'.i., Itonnokr. T. J Muriln r.. Ti-rri' llnuli'. 



■ r. 1, I- ' 'W. 



I ;l. Kocbrnlrr. Tl|>! Mli.ii 



I , .vim Co., In.-. ■• \ 



r ('o . K...kvlll.' II Clly. 



. Kunhvllk. 

 I pkluii Luiubrr ('o.UunIi' 1 •■ni.r l.uii.lM-r 4> C'u«l Co., Viil- 



parnlxo. 

 1 f .« . .. St. lIPDry. Pctni:- lir..^ Vi-riiT. 



M \ Vliici-nni'K. 



M, 1 iT I'u.. Vlnrcnnpi. 



... .^.-t int.iir Sin; , .r Co., Vlno**nneji. 



\ ■ ■ -. Lumber Yiird, Vlnct'onp*. 



\ •■ -.^ Snail II I>oor I'o., Vln- 



' wuiB. Stnllli'llublinrd LunibcrCo.. WabBBli. 



I til Il.-iiil. Ynnicllf I.uiubcr & Conl Co.. 



.\i .,., „ - ... Suuth Wnhimh. 



H.-nd. rilfio LutiilxT I'o.. Wnrrcii. 



Nmli'Dal I.umlicr I'n.. South Ik-nd. Ivtcrson I.iimlicr >"i>.. \Viir»ow. 



Nov.'llr rUDlDB Mill Co., South Much McKiTiinii. WiinhinKloD. 



IWnd. I.. KIdrhor Co.. WIiUIiik. 



J, I- raxton Lumber Co., South M. ». Wooby. Wlllliimsburg. 



C.\R Ck)NSTRl'CTIQ,V 



The buiillinK of cars ami their repair are considereil a Kinj^lc in- 

 diiBtry, ami in some rcnions the quantity of wood demanded for re- 

 paim exoeeds that used for new cars. Supplies for steam roads 

 constitute most of the wood listed in this industry, including the 

 whole country, but electric lines are important, and in Rome states 

 suburl>an roads are close rivals of steam roaiis as ufers of wood in 

 car buiJdin); and repairing. Other kinds of cars are included in the 

 industry, particularly such as are operated in and about mines and 

 large manufacturing plants. 



Indiana ranks fourth among the states in car building. The an- 

 nual demand for wood for new cars and repairing old cars in several 

 states is as follows in feet : 



Illinois 4n7,3."!.t.OOO 



Ponnsvlvanla 228..tS0.!)0O 



NVw Vork 77,201.900 



Indiana .lO.OilS.sie 



Ohio 50,200,885 



The total in these states is 65 per cent of all the wood going to the 

 car industry in the United States. It is believed that the use of 

 wood for car building is not increasing. Steel is being used for 

 both freight and passenger cars; but it is not possible to show by 

 available statistics whether or not wood is declining in amount. The 

 annual consumption, according to latest statistics, is 1,262,090,371 

 feet in the United States. 



Table 39 shows the kinds, quantities and average prices in Indiana. 

 The southern yellow pines — longleaf and shortleaf (botanical short- 

 leaf and loblolly) — furnish considerable more than half, though 

 twenty-three woods are listed. It should be noted that red oak is 

 used more than white oak, and that Douglas fir from the Pacific 

 coast furnishes 10 per cent of all the car lumlje- in the state. This 

 fir is in demand as frame timber, and as such c---:npctes directly with 

 longleaf pine, and costs only $2 more delivered at the car shops, 

 thought the haul is 2,000 miles longer. It is used also as siding and 

 roofing. The two southern yellow pines have the same uses, long- 

 leaf for timbers and the other for lining, sides, etc. White pine's 

 chief place is found in freight car siding, but it is employed in 

 other capacities where moderate strength will suffice. The other 

 softwoods are Norway pine, hemlock, tamarack and spruce. They 

 serve as siding, roofing, flooring, running boards and general repairs. 

 They have little place in passenger car construction, or even in 

 suburban cars. 



The hardwoods have a wider range of uses and certain of them 

 fill more exacting situations. Some of them serve both as frames 

 and finish. The strength of the oaks gives them preference as 

 frames. The wood of locomotive pilots is usually of oak and hickory. 

 Yellow poplar is more of a finish wood, though it is occasionally made 

 into siding for box cars. Its highest place is found in panels for 

 passenger cars, including diners and sleepers. Its capacity for fine 

 finish gives it special value. It is often stained to imitate mahogany, 



cherry and other i-nliinet wooda. The birge, clciir trunk 



of yellow |Miplar > ule aliH'k for puneU. Monrda two feet 



and even wider may Ix' linil, and venecra eight fi-et hhIc and thirty 

 fM<t long are soinetimea iiaed in car building. Mnhoguny ia wholly 

 a flniah wmid in car couNtruction ami la in good taate wherever ua«d. 

 Both whitn and binrk nah are ilrinnmled in nioderntely Inrgv qunn 

 titles. It in excellent frniiie luateriul, but ia too ex|ienaivo for that 

 place unle^H aomc special reuHon exi.ita for using it. The aliopa that 

 biiilil iiiterurbnn cnra arc the principal markets for the nali listed in 

 the accompanying table. Mo^t of it is converted into interior IIiiihIi, 

 but it ia almi made into car doora. Maple ia gooil frame material, 

 ami it ia occasionally workeil into finish. Cherry ia wholly finish 

 wood, and practically all of it on the list finds its way to Pull- 

 mans and diners. Butternut appears in quantity so small aa to be 

 almost negligible, but it costs more than any other American wood 

 in this industry. It is occasionally a substitute for f"ircansian walnut. 

 The forests and woodlots of Indiana ("upply less than S ]>er cent 

 of the wood used Iiy car builders in the state. Of the twenty three 

 species in the table, eleven come wholly from lieyond the state's 

 borders. On the other hnmi, five are furnished entirely by the state. 

 They are sugar maple, cherry, white elm, hickory and butternut. 



TABI..E SB— CAll CON.STIIUCTIO.V 



Avcrav« Orown In Grown out 



Quantity uard annually coat Total colt Indiana of Indiana 



Per per f. o. b. 



Kind of wood Foot. b. m. cent 1,000 ft. factory Foot b. m. Feat b. m. 



I.orKltnf plnp. . .al,7»4.HIS .10 88 1 27 07 t .'Ssn.O.in 21.7114. KIA 



.<h..rll.af pine. .12.227.271 2<>.<,n 27 21 S.12.747 12.227.271 



«.■ 1 o.ik (1.788.657 11.48 28 70 IBIl.OH.-. 1.040.148 R,I37.40» 



DouRlaii Or 0.020,500 10.2" JO Ofi 17.-..liKK 0.020,500 



While oak 5.957.005 10.08 27.3(1 1112 CM 2.4li7.«n5 S.B.VI.OOO 



Whitn pine 3.B04.529 O.no 48 01 1k|i.-s4 II 2i>0 S.81IS,32f> 



Yell.i-.v poplar. . . 080.86* 1.15 5.1 « I .III 7i>4 95,014 585.254 



Nor-,v,iv pine... 023.000 1.05 2s (12 I7.sr|ll 023,000 



Mahogany 5H.040 91 l.'i'),«8 80,557 541,040 



While aah 359.750 .01 44 43 l.'.,ltR.'. 55.750 304,000 



Black a»h .'.8.148 10 .',(129 3.273 23,042 85,100 



Hrmlock 40.000 (18 21.00 (i«(l 40.000 



Sugar maple 28.201 .05 40.14 1,14" 28,201 



Tamarack 28,000 ,04 25 00 57.'. 28.000 



Cherry 18.932 .02 7:1.04 1.020 13.982 



Baaswood 10.480 .02 27.07 29" 5,480 5.000 



White «lm S.ono .01 8.1.75 270 8,000 



Hickory 4,097 .01 40.45 190 4.807 



Spruce 3.000 .01 85.00 105 8.000 



Birch 2.204 * ?4 OS 75 2.204 



Black walnut. .. l.ooo • 55 on 55 1.000 



Cniton gum l.ooo • 40 no 40 ... 1.000 



Butternut 800 • 80.00 24 800 



Total 50.0(18.310 10(1110 SSO.OS $1,810,809 4.206.029 64.808.287 



• Leaa than .01 per cent. 



MASrFACTlBKnS OF CAB COXSTnUCTlOS 



Union Traction Co. of Indiana. .\n- Chlcneo. South Bond ft Northern 



(lerson Indiana Rv. Co.. South Bend. 



Evnnsvllle R. R. To.. Evnnsvlllp. .\merloan Car & F'oundry Co., Terre 



Fnrt Wayne & Indiana R. R.. Kort Iloiite, 



Wayne Torre Haute. Indianapolis ft Eaat- 



.\merlcan Car & Foundrv Co.. In- ern Trnnlon Co., Terre Haute. 



dianapolls. " Unltlmore ft Ohio R. K. Co.. Baltl- 



Indlanapolls Traction ft Tcrmlnnl more. Md. 



Co., Indianapolis. C, C.. C. ft St. L. Ry.. Cincinnati, 



Interstate Car Co.. Indianapolis. Ohio. 



.American Car ft Foundry Co.. Jeffcr Lake Shore & Mldiicnn Soutbcro 



Konvlllp n. R.. rolllnwood, Ohio. 



Indianapolis ft Louisville Ry.. I.h Erie R. R.. New York. N Y. 



Fayette. rennKplvnnIa R. R. Lines. Pitts- 



Hask'eil ft Barker Cor Co., Michigan burgh. Pn 



<"'t.v. 



Sash, Poors, Blinds and General Millwork 



The industry which makes doors, blinds, sash and general mill- 

 work differs from that which produces ]daning mill products, as the 

 two are here considered. There is some overlapping in the opera- 

 tions of these industries, but along the main lines of their activities 

 they are fairly well separated. "Planing mill products" is the 

 name applied to the output of a mill which operates planing machines 

 and little else. The products are principally flooring, ceiling, siding 

 and molding, all of stock patterns. The mill which produces doors, 

 sash and numerous other articles in the same line is more of a fac- 

 tory. It planes, saws, cuts, fits and finishes the articles. It is 

 prepared to make specials and extras, to fill individual orders, to 

 depart from stock sizes and patterns in order to meet the demands 

 of customers. The ordinary planing mill is often, if not usually, 

 connected with a large sawmill which supplies it with rough lumber, 

 but the mill which turns out doors and other articles in the list is 

 not usually associated with sawmills but procures its rough stock in 

 the general market, and in quantities and of kinds needed to fill 

 orders in hand or in prospect. It operates woodworking machinery 

 of various kinds, which enables it to do work which an ordinary 



